Papers by Gilbert Van Stappen
Hydrobiologia, Jul 1, 2004
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Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 09583150500086706, Jan 18, 2007
ABSTRACT
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Aquaculture International
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Current microbiology, Jan 30, 2015
The microbiota in solar salterns plays an important role in salt production quantitatively and qu... more The microbiota in solar salterns plays an important role in salt production quantitatively and qualitatively. Bohai Bay coast is the major sea salt producing area in China. However, few ecological characterization studies of the Bohai Bay salt ponds, particularly of their microbial diversity, have been conducted. This study investigated the structure and diversity of the bacterial community in Hangu saltworks in response to environmental factors. The brine water was sampled from five selected saltponds within a salinity range of 5.0-19.3 % in May, July, and October, 2012. Phylogenetic analysis based on the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) patterns of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragment showed that, rather than pond salinity, especially the month of sampling influenced the structure of the bacterial community in the saltponds, which may be related to the water temperature or other factors fluctuating over the months. Moreover, canonical correspondence analysis of b...
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Aquaculture International, 2015
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Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 2014
Asia harbors a diverse group of sexual and asexual Artemia species, including the invasive Artemi... more Asia harbors a diverse group of sexual and asexual Artemia species, including the invasive Artemia franciscana, which is native to the Americas. The phylogeny of Asian Artemia species and the phylogeography of the introduced A. franciscana from 81 sampling localities in Eurasia, Africa and America were elucidated using mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear DNA (ITS1) sequences. According to a COI phylogeny, 6 distinctive genetic groups were recognized, with a complex phylogeographic structure among Asian Artemia. A haplotype complex which includes parthenogenetic lineages is distributed in 39 inland geographical localities in Asia, illustrating a wide distribution with a narrow genetic structure on this continent. The invasive A. franciscana was discovered in 31 geographical localities along the southern and eastern coastal regions of Asia. Three sexual species (A. sinica, A. tibetiana and A. urmiana) have a restricted distribution in certain geographical localities in Asia. In contrast t...
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Aquatic Biodiversity, 2003
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Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition, 2014
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International Journal of Salt Lake Research, 1994
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Journal of Experimental Biology, 2010
Encysted embryos (cysts) of the brine shrimp Artemia undergo diapause, a state of profound dorman... more Encysted embryos (cysts) of the brine shrimp Artemia undergo diapause, a state of profound dormancy and enhanced stress tolerance. Upon exposure to the appropriate physical stimulus diapause terminates and embryos resume development. The regulation of diapause termination and post-diapause development is poorly understood at the molecular level, prompting this study on the capacity of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and nitric oxide (NO) to control these processes. Exposure to H(2)O(2) and NO, the latter generated by the use of three NO generators, promoted cyst development, emergence and hatching, effects nullified by catalase and the NO scavenger 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5,-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO). The maximal effect of NO and H(2)O(2) on cyst development was achieved by 4 h of exposure to either chemical. NO was effective at a lower concentration than H(2)O(2) but more cysts developed in response to H(2)O(2). Promotion of development varied with incubation conditions, indicating for the first time a population of Artemia cysts potentially arrested in post-diapause and whose development was activated by either H(2)O(2) or NO. A second cyst sub-population, refractory to hatching after prolonged incubation, was considered to be in diapause, a condition broken by H(2)O(2) but not NO. These observations provide clues to the molecular mechanisms of diapause termination and development in Artemia, while enhancing the organism's value in aquaculture by affording a greater understanding of its growth and physiology.
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The notion that phenotypic traits emerging
from environmental experiences are heritable remains
u... more The notion that phenotypic traits emerging
from environmental experiences are heritable remains
under debate. However, the recent report of
nonmendelian transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, i.e.,
the inheritance of traits not determined by the DNA
sequence, might make such a phenomenon plausible.
In our study, by carrying out common garden experiments,
we could provide clear evidences that, on exposure
to nonlethal heat shocks, a parental population of
parthenogenetic (all female) Artemia (originating from
one single female) experiences an increase in levels of
Hsp70 production, tolerance toward lethal heat stress,
and resistance against pathogenic Vibrio campbellii. Interestingly, these acquired phenotypic traits were transmitted
to three successive generations, none of which
were exposed to the parental stressor. This transgenerational
inheritance of the acquired traits was associated
with altered levels of global DNA methylation and
acetylated histones H3 and H4 in the heat-shocked
group compared to the control group, where both the
parental and successive generations were reared at
standard temperature. These results indicated that epigenetic
mechanisms, such as global DNA methylation
and histones H3 and H4 acetylation, have particular
dynamics that are crucial in the heritability of the
acquired adaptive phenotypic traits across generations.
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PLoS ONE, 2013
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Journal of Marine Systems, 2012
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Journal of Great Lakes Research, 2013
ABSTRACT Great Salt Lake (GSL), USA is the main source of the commercially important Artemia fran... more ABSTRACT Great Salt Lake (GSL), USA is the main source of the commercially important Artemia franciscanaKellogg (1906) cysts used in larviculture. Our objective was to document the presence of parthenogenetic Artemia in GSL analysing a series of non-commercial samples harvested over the period 1997–2005. Laboratory cultures suggested that sex ratios were skewed in some years. Species-specific restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the exon-7 of the Na/K-ATPase α-1 subunit nuclear gene and of a fragment of exon-2 of the heat shock protein HSP26 gene were used to identify samples of individual adults and pooled cysts. Additionally, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis using the Na/K-ATPase marker and individual adults was used because of its greater power for detecting different alleles. Finally, the exon of the Na/K-ATPase α-1 subunit was sequenced in selected individuals to validate the results. All results indicated that there were parthenogenetic Artemia in the samples from the period 2000 to 2002. Our data do not provide evidence on the autochthonous or allochthonous nature of this population, although an anthropogenic origin seems most likely. The transitory character of the incidence of parthenogenetic Artemia can be linked to unusual environmental conditions in the lake around the turn of the century. The subsequent disappearance of the parthenogenetic population would then be due to the competition with the more productive A. franciscana population as conditions returned back to normal. A systematic genetic study of the GSL Artemia population is recommended as it may provide valuable complementary information about population changes undetected in traditional monitoring programmes.
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International Review of Hydrobiology, 2009
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International Review of Hydrobiology, 2007
1Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Rozier 44, B-900... more 1Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Rozier 44, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium 2Artemia & Aquatic Animals Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia 57153, Iran; e-mail: n.agh@mail.urmia.ac.ir 3Department of Genetics, Development & ...
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Hydrobiologia, 2000
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Hydrobiologia, 2000
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Papers by Gilbert Van Stappen
from environmental experiences are heritable remains
under debate. However, the recent report of
nonmendelian transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, i.e.,
the inheritance of traits not determined by the DNA
sequence, might make such a phenomenon plausible.
In our study, by carrying out common garden experiments,
we could provide clear evidences that, on exposure
to nonlethal heat shocks, a parental population of
parthenogenetic (all female) Artemia (originating from
one single female) experiences an increase in levels of
Hsp70 production, tolerance toward lethal heat stress,
and resistance against pathogenic Vibrio campbellii. Interestingly, these acquired phenotypic traits were transmitted
to three successive generations, none of which
were exposed to the parental stressor. This transgenerational
inheritance of the acquired traits was associated
with altered levels of global DNA methylation and
acetylated histones H3 and H4 in the heat-shocked
group compared to the control group, where both the
parental and successive generations were reared at
standard temperature. These results indicated that epigenetic
mechanisms, such as global DNA methylation
and histones H3 and H4 acetylation, have particular
dynamics that are crucial in the heritability of the
acquired adaptive phenotypic traits across generations.
from environmental experiences are heritable remains
under debate. However, the recent report of
nonmendelian transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, i.e.,
the inheritance of traits not determined by the DNA
sequence, might make such a phenomenon plausible.
In our study, by carrying out common garden experiments,
we could provide clear evidences that, on exposure
to nonlethal heat shocks, a parental population of
parthenogenetic (all female) Artemia (originating from
one single female) experiences an increase in levels of
Hsp70 production, tolerance toward lethal heat stress,
and resistance against pathogenic Vibrio campbellii. Interestingly, these acquired phenotypic traits were transmitted
to three successive generations, none of which
were exposed to the parental stressor. This transgenerational
inheritance of the acquired traits was associated
with altered levels of global DNA methylation and
acetylated histones H3 and H4 in the heat-shocked
group compared to the control group, where both the
parental and successive generations were reared at
standard temperature. These results indicated that epigenetic
mechanisms, such as global DNA methylation
and histones H3 and H4 acetylation, have particular
dynamics that are crucial in the heritability of the
acquired adaptive phenotypic traits across generations.