Papers by Curiously Bareh
Language Endangerment is an issue that needs the immediate attention of all stakeholders, irrespe... more Language Endangerment is an issue that needs the immediate attention of all stakeholders, irrespective of whether it is a language, dialect or variety. In this paper, we identify three factors that contribute to the endangerment of the numerous dialects and varieties of Ao and Khasi, respectively spoken in the states of Nagaland and Meghalaya in India. Firstly, English being the official language of these states, there is a shift in attitude towards the regional languages, with English gaining in prestige and status. Secondly, the standard language, i.e Khasi and Chungli-Ao as a result of being codified, is a threat to the other dialects as the standard has gained status, leading to reduction in the level of prestige and status of the dialects. Thirdly, Nagamese in Nagaland has grown over the years as a lingua-franca and though it is not officially recognized, its usage in different spheres has affected the local languages. The beginnings for all these factors may be traced back to colonial India. The main focus of the paper will be on the second factor: how standardization has come to threaten the dialects and varieties in Nagaland and Meghalaya.
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This paper attempts to compare and highlight the phonological differences of the varieties; Jowai... more This paper attempts to compare and highlight the phonological differences of the varieties; Jowai-Pnar (spoken in West Jaintia Hills) and Narwan-Pnar (spoken in East Jaintia Hills). Preliminary analysis of these two varieties reveals that there are correspondences which are regular and uniformly found in almost all the cognate words. For instance, the long vowel of one dialect corresponds to a diphthong in the other; the [e] of Jowai-Pnar corresponds to the [ɛ] of Narwan-Pnar and the [ɛ] of Jowai-Pnar corresponds with the [e] of Narwan-Pnar in the environment when they precede [-Ɂ], [a] <> [ɔ], [o] <> [ɛ], [o] <> [ɛu], etc. However, this pattern of corresponding different segments is seen only with the vowels and not with the consonants with the exception of one case where the coda of Jowai-Pnar [-Ɂ] corresponds to the [-c] of Narwan-Pnar. In most cases, if there is any consonantal difference among the varieties of Pnar, it is usually a result of deletion or insertion. Keywords: Pnar, phonology, vowel correspondences
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International Journal of Linguistics, 2013
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4th International Conference of the North East India …, Jan 1, 2009
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Papers by Curiously Bareh