Chlorine oxide (V): Njirimara, nhazi, ojiji

Ndinaya

• Njirimara
• Nhazi nke chlorine oxide (V)
• Molekul
• Usoro Lewis
• Isomers na ha hydrolysis
• Nhọrọ
• Ngwa
• Ntughari

Na chlorine oxide (V) bụ ụlọ ọgwụ na-ejighị n'aka nke kemịkalụ kemịkalụ ya bụ Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ chlorine oxides, nke e ji mara molekụla, ma ọ bụ ọbụna ụdị dị egwu.

Nke Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ ọ bụ naanị hụrụ ndụ akwụkwọ na usoro iwu ngụkọta oge; agbanyeghị, ịdịbeghị adị ya na ọ ga-abụ na ụfọdụ nwere ike ịpụta (site na usoro nyocha ọhụụ). Gịnị site n'ozuzu echiche nke onwu nwere ike buru amụma a oxide, bụ na ọ bụ anhydride nke chloric acid, HClO₃.

Ihe anakpo molecule nke chlorine oxide (V) ka egosiri n’elu. Rịba ama na ebe ọ bụ molecule, a naghị atụle ọnụnọ nke Cl ion ma ọlị⁺⁵; ọbụlagodi obere oge ọ ga-enwerịrị ike dị egwu ịmanye oxygen ijikọ covalently.

Dị ka ngwongwo ọ bụla na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, ọ na-ewepụta ume iji mebie ngwa ahịa siri ike karị; usoro na n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ bụ ihe mgbawa. Mgbe Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ decomposes tọhapụrụ ClO₂ M₂. Ọ bụ echiche na mmiri, dabere na isomer nke Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅, enwere ike mepụta acid dị iche iche chlorine oxo.

Njirimara

Nkume molar nke Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ ọ bụ 150.9030 g / mol. Site na uka a, na molekul ya na-eme ya, enwere ike ikwenye na oburu na enwere ike iche ya, o nwere ike ibu mmanu mmanu; n'ezie, jiri ya tụnyere ọdịdị anụ ahụ nke Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₇.

Ọ bụ ezie na enweghị ike ịkewapụ ma ọ bụ nwee njirimara, chlorine oxide a bụ acidic, covalent, ọ ga-enwerịrị obere oge dipole. A pụrụ ịghọta acidity ma ọ bụrụ na a nyochaa akụkụ kemịkalụ nke hydrolysis ya:

Kl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ + H₂O 2HClO₃

Bụ HClO₃ chloric acid. Ntughari azu ga - eme ka acid ghara inwu mmiri:

2HCLO₃  => Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ + H₂Ma ọ bụ

N'aka nke ọzọ, mgbe Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ siri ike mepụta, ọ na-emebi:

2Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ => 4ClO₂ + O₂

Ọ bụ ya mere ụdị ndị na - anọchite anya ya kama ịkọtara ya nke ọma. Mbibi ya ga-adị ngwa ngwa (na-eche na ọbụlagodi Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅), nke a na-achọpụtabeghị site na usoro nyocha ngwá ọrụ dị ugbu a.

Nhazi nke chlorine oxide (V)

Molekul

Ihe oyiyi ahụ dị n’elu na-egosi usoro nke molecule nke hypothetical nke Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ nwere ihe atụ nke ngalaba na Ogwe. Akụkụ ndị na-acha uhie uhie na-anọchi anya atọm oxygen, na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na-anọchi anya atọm atọm. Chlorine ọ bụla nwere trigonal pyramid gburugburu, yabụ ngwakọ ya ga-abụ sp³.

N'ihi ya, molekul nke Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ enwere ike ịhụ ya dị ka pyramid trigonal abụọ jikọtara ya na oxygen. Ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ele anya nke ọma, otu pyramid na-eme ka ikuku oxygen ya dị ala, nke ọzọ site na ụgbọelu (n'ebe onye na-agụ ya nọ).

N'ihi ya, a na-eche na enwere ntụgharị na njikọ O₂Cl-O-ClO₂, na-eme ka molekul ahụ dị nnọọ ike. Mara na usoro O₂CHLOClO₂ bụ ụzọ nke na-anọchi anya usoro nke Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅.

Usoro Lewis

Ruo ugbu a, molekul ahụ n'onwe ya emebeghị ka ọ nwee ike ịkọwapụta ihe kpatara enweghị nsogbu ya. Iji mee ka anyị ghọtakwuo ajụjụ a, anyị ga-agakwuru ya n’ebe a na-eme Lewis, nke e sere n’elu. Rịba ama na enwere ike iche na ihe owuwu ahụ dị larịị, mana na ngalaba nke gara aga, akọwapụtara ya na ọ bụghị.

Kedu ihe kpatara mkpụrụ atọ chlorine ji akwụ ụgwọ dị mma? N'ihi na chlorine nwere ụzọ electron efu hapụrụ, nke enwere ike ikwenye site na itinye Valencia Bond Theory (nke a na-agaghị eme ebe a maka ebumnuche dị mfe). Yabụ, ibu ọrụ ya bụ:

C_F = 7 – (4 + 2) = 1

Kedu ihe nke a nwere metụtara ya na enweghị nsogbu ya? Ọ dị mma, chlorine bụ electronegative nke ukwuu, yabụ onye na-ebu ihe ọjọọ na-akwụ ụgwọ. Nke a laghachiri Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ ụdị acidic dị ukwuu, ebe ọ chọrọ inweta elektrọn iji nyefee elektrọnik maka chlorines abụọ ahụ.

Ihe megidere ya na Br₂Ma ọ bụ₅ na m₂Ma ọ bụ₅, oxides nke dị n'okpuru ọnọdụ nkịtị. Nke a bụ maka na bromine na ayodiin pere mpe karịa klorine; ya mere, ha ka mma ịkwado ụgwọ iwu kwadoro.

Isomers na ha hydrolysis

Ruo ugbu a nkọwa niile adakwasịla otu n'ime isomers abụọ nke Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅: the O₂CHLOClO₂. Kedu nke ozo? Onye₃CHLOClO. Na isomer a, chlorines enweghi ezigbo ebubo zuru oke, yabụ kwesịrị ịbụ igwe elekere karịa. Otú ọ dị, ma ndị O₂CHLOClO₂ dị ka O₃ClOClO kwesiri inwe mmeghachi omume hydrolysis:

Ma ọ bụ₂Cl-O-ClO₂ + H₂O => 2O₂Cl-OH (nke abụghị ihe karịrị HClO₃)

Ma ọ bụ₃Cl-O-ClO + H₂O => O₃Uche-OH (HClO)₄) - HO-ClO (HCLO.)₂)

Rịba ama na enwere ike ịmepụta acid oxo acid atọ: HClO₃, HClO₄ na HClO₂

Nhọrọ

Aha ya 'chlorine oxide (V)' dabara na nke e kenyere ya dị ka nomenclature ngwaahịa si dị. Nke Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ o nwekwara ike inwe aha abụọ ọzọ: dichloro pentaoxide na chloric anhydride, nke usoro nomenclatures sistemụ na nke ọdịnala kenyere.

Ngwa

Ihe kariri ihe omumu ihe omuma, Cl₂Ma ọ bụ₅ Agaghị eji ya ruo mgbe achọpụtara, dịpụrụ adịpụ, mara, echekwara ma gosipụta ka ọ ghara ịgbawa na kọntaktị ntakịrị.

Ntughari

1. Shiver & Chiefs. (2008). Inorganic onwu. (Nke anọ). Mc Graw Hill.
2. Sandra Luján Quiroga na Luis José Perissinotti. (2011). Chlorine Oxoacids na Nhazi nke Dichlorine Oxides. Chem. Onye nkuzi, Vol. 16.
3. Ngwakọta kemịkal. (2019). Ogwu chlorine (V). Nweta site na: formulacionquimica.com
4. Linus Pauling. (1988). General Chemistry. Akwụkwọ Dover, INC., New York.
5. Richard C. Ropp. (2013). Encyclopedia nke alkaline Earth ogige. ElSevier.