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Micronutrient Deprivation and Poverty Nutrition Trap in Rural India

Author

Listed:
  • Raghbendra Jha
  • Raghav Gaiha
  • Anurag Sharma
Abstract
We test for the existence of a Poverty Nutrition Trap (PNT) in the case of calories and four important micronutrients — carotene, iron, riboflavin, and thiamine- for three categories of wages: sowing, harvesting, and other for male and female workers separately. We use household level national data for rural India for the period January to June 1994 and robust sample selection procedures due to Heckman to arrive at consistent and efficient estimates. It is discovered that the PNT exists in ten cases. It exists for calories for female harvesting and sowing wages. In the case of carotene male workers engaged in harvesting are subject to the PNT, whereas both male and female workers engaged in harvesting are subject to PNT in the case of iron. In the case of riboflavin female workers engaged in harvesting and sowing and male workers engaged in harvesting are subject to PNT, and, in the case of thiamine, female workers engaged in harvesting and sowing are subject to PNT. Thus micronutrient deficiency is pervasive and has a significant impact on labour productivity of agricultural workers in rural India. In particular, female workers are more prone to PNT than male workers.

Suggested Citation

  • Raghbendra Jha & Raghav Gaiha & Anurag Sharma, 2006. "Micronutrient Deprivation and Poverty Nutrition Trap in Rural India," ASARC Working Papers 2006-03, The Australian National University, Australia South Asia Research Centre.
    • Handle: RePEc:pas:asarcc:2006-03
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    File URL: https://crawford.anu.edu.au/acde/asarc/pdf/papers/2006/WP2006_03.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. John Strauss & Duncan Thomas, 1998. "Health, Nutrition, and Economic Development," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 36(2), pages 766-817, June.
    2. Subramanian, Shankar & Deaton, Angus, 1996. "The Demand for Food and Calories," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 104(1), pages 133-162, February.
    3. James Tobin, 1956. "Estimation of Relationships for Limited Dependent Variables," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 3R, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    4. Thomas, Duncan & Strauss, John, 1997. "Health and wages: Evidence on men and women in urban Brazil," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 77(1), pages 159-185, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Raghbendra Jha & Raghav Gaiha & Anurag Sharma, 2009. "Modelling variety in consumption expenditure on food in India," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(4), pages 503-519.
    2. Katsushi Imai & Raghav Gaiha & Ganesh Thapa, 2008. "Food and oil prices," Economics Discussion Paper Series 0801, Economics, The University of Manchester.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Calorie and Micronutrient deprivation; Poverty Nutrition Trap; Heckman Models;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C34 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models; Switching Regression Models
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J43 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Agricultural Labor Markets

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