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Explaining the Aggregate Price Level with Keynes's Principle of Effective Demand

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  • Jochen Hartwig
Abstract
The conventional wisdom about Keynes's Principle of Effective Demand is that it states something about quantities. It is widely held that the Principle determines the levels of output and employment in a world not governed by Say's Law. This paper argues that the Principle of Effective Demand goes beyond this to explain not only 'real' activity levels but also the aggregate price level. A variant of the Post Keynesian D/Z-model is brought together with Marxian reproduction schemes to derive this result.

Suggested Citation

  • Jochen Hartwig, 2004. "Explaining the Aggregate Price Level with Keynes's Principle of Effective Demand," KOF Working papers 04-95, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich.
    • Handle: RePEc:kof:wpskof:04-95
    DOI: 10.3929/ethz-a-004871456
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    Cited by:

    1. Jochen Hartwig, 2014. "Relative Movements of Real Wages and Output," KOF Working papers 14-355, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich.
    2. Jochen Hartwig, 2011. "Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply: Will the Real Keynes Please Stand Up?," Review of Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(4), pages 613-618, October.
    3. M. G. Hayes, 2008. "Keynes's Z function: a reply to Hartwig and Brady," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 32(6), pages 1003-1003, November.
    4. repec:pke:wpaper:pkwp1211 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Jochen Hartwig, 2009. "D and Z in ROPE," KOF Working papers 09-243, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich.
    6. Marco Guerrazzi, 2023. "The Keynesian nexus between the market for goods and the labour market," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 70(2), pages 195-216, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Effective demand; Multiplier; Post Keynesianism; D/Z-model; Reproduction schemes;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B14 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought through 1925 - - - Socialist; Marxist
    • B22 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Macroeconomics
    • E20 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation

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