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The Political (In)Stability of Funded Social Security

Author

Listed:
  • Beetsma, Roel M. W. J.

    (University of Amsterdam)

  • Komada, Oliwia

    (GRAPE)

  • Makarski, Krzysztof

    (Warsaw School of Economics)

  • Tyrowicz, Joanna

    (University of Warsaw)

Abstract
We analyze the political stability of funded social security. Using a stylized theoretical framework we study the mechanisms behind governments capturing social security assets in order to lower current taxes. The results and the driving mechanisms carry over to a fully-fledged and carefully calibrated overlapping generations model with an aging population. Funding is efficient in a Kaldor-Hicks sense. We demonstrate that, even though we can rationalize the actual introduction of a two-pillar defined-contribution scheme with funding through a majority vote, a new vote to curtail the funded pillar through asset capture or permanent diversion of contributions to the pay-as-you-go pillar always receives majority support. For those alive and thus allowed to vote, the temporary reduction in taxes outweighs the reduction in retirement benefits. This result is robust to substantial intra-cohort heterogeneity and other extensions, and only overturned with a sufficient degree of altruism. Our analysis rationalizes the experience of Central and Eastern European countries, who rolled back their funded pension pillars soon after setting them up.

Suggested Citation

  • Beetsma, Roel M. W. J. & Komada, Oliwia & Makarski, Krzysztof & Tyrowicz, Joanna, 2021. "The Political (In)Stability of Funded Social Security," IZA Discussion Papers 14765, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14765
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    asset capture; pay-as-you-go; funding; social security; majority vote; welfare;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions
    • D72 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Political Processes: Rent-seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
    • E17 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
    • E27 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications

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