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Hacia un sistema de seguro social eficaz en América Latina: la importancia de una política fiscal anticíclica

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  • Miguel Braun
  • Luciano di Gresia
Abstract
(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) América Latina es una región inestable y propensa a las crisis, con sistemas inadecuados de seguridad social. Por lo tanto, los pobres de larga data al igual que los pobres más recientes sufren considerablemente durante las crisis. Además, el gasto social en la región es cíclico, pero en menor medida que el gasto total, lo que indica que la eficacia de las políticas sociales compensadoras concebidas para proteger a los más vulnerables contra las crisis están limitadas por los ajustes durante las recesiones. Las causas de las políticas fiscales cíclicas radican en las limitantes políticas del ahorro durante los períodos de crecimiento, combinadas con una solvencia limitada durante las recesiones, y una mayor inestabilidad económica y una baja participación de mecanismos automáticos de estabilización en el presupuesto. Evaluamos las opciones de políticas destinadas a reducir la naturaleza cíclica de la política fiscal, tales como los fondos de estabilización, las reglas fiscales y la reforma de las instituciones encargadas del presupuesto, y abogamos por propuestas de políticas integradas basadas en una mayor medida de análisis de países específicos, tales como la Ley de Responsabilidad Fiscal de Brasil.

Suggested Citation

  • Miguel Braun & Luciano di Gresia, 2003. "Hacia un sistema de seguro social eficaz en América Latina: la importancia de una política fiscal anticíclica," Research Department Publications 4334, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4334
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