15 years), restricted activity days (adults ≥20 years), and asthma attacks in adults and children. Population exposure (PM10) was modelled for each km2. The traffic-related fraction was estimated based on PM10 emission inventories.FindingsAir pollution caused 6% of total mortality or more than 40 000 attributable cases per year. About half of all mortality caused by air pollution was attributed to motorised traffic, accounting also for: more than 25 000 new cases of chronic bronchitis (adults); more than 290 000 episodes of bronchitis (children); more than 0·5 million asthma attacks; and more than 16 million persondays of restricted activities.InterpretationThis assessment estimates the public-health impacts of current patterns of air pollution. Although individual health risks of air pollution are relatively small, the public-health consequences are considerable. Traffic-related air pollution remains a key target for public-health action in Europe. Our results, which have also been used for economic valuation, should guide decisions on the assessment of environmental health-policy options."> 15 years), restricted activity days (adults ≥20 years), and asthma attacks in adults and children. Population exposure (PM10) was modelled for each km2. The traffic-related fraction was estimated based on PM10 emission inventories.FindingsAir pollution caused 6% of total mortality or more than 40 000 attributable cases per year. About half of all mortality caused by air pollution was attributed to motorised traffic, accounting also for: more than 25 000 new cases of chronic bronchitis (adults); more than 290 000 episodes of bronchitis (children); more than 0·5 million asthma attacks; and more than 16 million persondays of restricted activities.InterpretationThis assessment estimates the public-health impacts of current patterns of air pollution. Although individual health risks of air pollution are relatively small, the public-health consequences are considerable. Traffic-related air pollution remains a key target for public-health action in Europe. Our results, which have also been used for economic valuation, should guide decisions on the assessment of environmental health-policy options.">
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Public health Impact of Outdoor and Traffic related Air Pollution

Author

Listed:
  • N. Künzli

    (Institute for Social and Preventive Medecine - Unibas - Université de Bâle = University of Basel = Basel Universität)

  • R. Kaiser

    (INVS - Département Santé Travail - Institut national de veille sanitaire)

  • S. Medina

    (INVS - Département Santé Travail - Institut national de veille sanitaire)

  • M. Studnicka

    (Center for Pulmonary Disease - Center for Pulmonary Disease)

  • O. Chanel

    (GREQAM - Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - ECM - École Centrale de Marseille - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • P. Filliger

    (Swiss Agency for the Environment - BUWAL)

  • M. Herry

    (Consultancy Dr Max Herry - Consultancy Dr Max Herry)

  • F. Horak

    (University Children's Hospital Vienna - University Children's Hospital Vienna)

  • V. Puybonnieux-Texier

    (UPD7 - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7)

  • Philippe Quénel

    (INVS - Département Santé Travail - Institut national de veille sanitaire)

  • Jodi Schneider

    (Department of Air Quality Control - Department of Air Quality Control)

  • R. Seethaler

    (Institute for Transport Studies - The University of Sydney)

  • Jean-Christophe Vergnaud

    (EUREQUA - Equipe Universitaire de Recherche en Economie Quantitative - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • H. Sommer

    (ECOPLAN - ECOPLAN)

Abstract
BackgroundAir pollution contributes to mortality and morbidity. We estimated the impact of outdoor (total) and traffic-related air pollution on public health in Austria, France, and Switzerland. Attributable cases of morbidity and mortality were estimated.MethodsEpidemiology-based exposure-response func-tions for a 10 μg/m3 increase in particulate matter (PM10) were used to quantify the effects of air pollution. Cases attributable to air pollution were estimated for mortality (adults ≥30 years), respiratory and cardiovascular hospital admissions (all ages), incidence of chronic ronchitis (adults ≥25 years), bronchitis episodes in children (>15 years), restricted activity days (adults ≥20 years), and asthma attacks in adults and children. Population exposure (PM10) was modelled for each km2. The traffic-related fraction was estimated based on PM10 emission inventories.FindingsAir pollution caused 6% of total mortality or more than 40 000 attributable cases per year. About half of all mortality caused by air pollution was attributed to motorised traffic, accounting also for: more than 25 000 new cases of chronic bronchitis (adults); more than 290 000 episodes of bronchitis (children); more than 0·5 million asthma attacks; and more than 16 million persondays of restricted activities.InterpretationThis assessment estimates the public-health impacts of current patterns of air pollution. Although individual health risks of air pollution are relatively small, the public-health consequences are considerable. Traffic-related air pollution remains a key target for public-health action in Europe. Our results, which have also been used for economic valuation, should guide decisions on the assessment of environmental health-policy options.

Suggested Citation

  • N. Künzli & R. Kaiser & S. Medina & M. Studnicka & O. Chanel & P. Filliger & M. Herry & F. Horak & V. Puybonnieux-Texier & Philippe Quénel & Jodi Schneider & R. Seethaler & Jean-Christophe Vergnaud & , 2000. "Public health Impact of Outdoor and Traffic related Air Pollution," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-00150955, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:cesptp:halshs-00150955
    DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02653-2
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    Keywords

    Air pollution; health impact;

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