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Household's Balance Sheets and the Effect of Fiscal Policy

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Abstract
Using households' balance sheet composition in the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics, we identify six household types. Since 1999, there has been a decline in the share of patient households and an increase in the share of impatient households with negative wealth. Using a six-agent New Keynesian model with search and matching frictions, we explore how changes in households' shares affect the transmission of government spending shocks. We show that the relative share of households in the left tail of the wealth distribution plays a key role in the aggregate marginal propensity to consume, the magnitude of fiscal multipliers, and the distributional consequences of government spending shocks. While the output and consumption multipliers are positively correlated with the share of households with negative wealth, the size of the employment multiplier is negatively correlated. Moreover, our calibrated model can deliver jobless fiscal expansions.

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  • Javier Andres & Jose E. Bosca & Javier Ferri & Cristina Fuentes-Albero, 2018. "Household's Balance Sheets and the Effect of Fiscal Policy," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2018-012r1, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), revised 29 Jun 2020.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2018-12
    DOI: 10.17016/FEDS.2018.012r1
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    Cited by:

    1. Sami Alpanda & Hyunji Song & Sarah Zubairy, 2021. "Household Debt and the Effects of Fiscal Policy," Working Papers 20210928-001, Texas A&M University, Department of Economics.
    2. Rüth, Sebastian K. & Simon, Camilla, 2022. "How do income and the debt position of households propagate fiscal stimulus into consumption?," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Panel Study of Income Dynamics; household balance sheets; Fiscal policy; Six-agent New Keynesian model; Search and matching;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory

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