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Robust inference in linear asset pricing models

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Abstract
We derive new results on the asymptotic behavior of the estimated parameters of a linear asset pricing model and their associated t-statistics in the presence of a factor that is independent of the returns. The inclusion of this \"useless\" factor in the model leads to a violation of the full rank (identification) condition and renders the inference nonstandard. We show that the estimated parameter associated with the useless factor diverges with the sample size but the misspecification-robust t-statistic is still well-behaved and has a standard normal limiting distribution. The asymptotic distributions of the estimates of the remaining parameters and the model specification test are also affected by the presence of a useless factor and are nonstandard. We propose a robust and easy-to-implement model selection procedure that restores the standard inference on the parameters of interest by identifying and removing the factors that do not contribute to improved pricing. The finite-sample properties of our asymptotic approximations and the practical relevance of our results are illustrated using simulations and an empirical application.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikolay Gospodinov & Raymond Kan & Cesare Robotti, 2012. "Robust inference in linear asset pricing models," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2012-17, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedawp:2012-17
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Gospodinov, Nikolay & Kan, Raymond & Robotti, Cesare, 2019. "Too good to be true? Fallacies in evaluating risk factor models," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(2), pages 451-471.
    2. Nikolay Gospodinov & Raymond Kan & Cesare Robotti, 2018. "Asymptotic variance approximations for invariant estimators in uncertain asset-pricing models," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(7), pages 695-718, August.
    3. Adrian, Tobias & Crump, Richard K. & Moench, Emanuel, 2015. "Regression-based estimation of dynamic asset pricing models," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(2), pages 211-244.
    4. Torben G. Andersen & Martin Thyrsgaard & Viktor Todorov, 2019. "Cross-Sectional Dispersion of Risk in Trading Time," NBER Working Papers 26329, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Aleksejs Krecetovs & Pasquale Della Corte, 2016. "Macro uncertainty and currency premia," 2016 Meeting Papers 624, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    6. Gregory Connor & Robert A Korajczyk, 2024. "Semi-Strong Factors in Asset Returns," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 22(1), pages 70-93.
    7. Gagliardini, Patrick & Ossola, Elisa & Scaillet, Olivier, 2019. "A diagnostic criterion for approximate factor structure," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 212(2), pages 503-521.
    8. Xyngis, Georgios, 2017. "Business-cycle variation in macroeconomic uncertainty and the cross-section of expected returns: Evidence for scale-dependent risks," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 43-65.
    9. Craig Burnside, 2016. "Identification and Inference in Linear Stochastic Discount Factor Models with Excess Returns," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 14(2), pages 295-330.
    10. Alexis Akira Toda & Kieran James Walsh, 2017. "Fat tails and spurious estimation of consumption‐based asset pricing models," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(6), pages 1156-1177, September.
    11. Joachim Freyberger & Andreas Neuhierl & Michael Weber, 2020. "Dissecting Characteristics Nonparametrically," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 33(5), pages 2326-2377.
    12. Barras, Laurent, 2019. "A large-scale approach for evaluating asset pricing models," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(3), pages 549-569.

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