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In or out? Efficient inclusion of installations in an emissions trading scheme

Author

Listed:
  • Regina Betz

    (Centre for Energy and Environmental Markets, School of Economics, University of New South Wales, Australia)

  • Todd Sanderson

    (Agriculture and Resource Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, University of Sydney)

  • Tihomir Ancev

    (Agriculture and Resource Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, University of Sydney)

Abstract
Regulators around the world are currently considering national emissions trading systems (ETS) as a cost-effective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. ETS installations coverage is one of the numerous design issues confronting them. ‘Blanket coverage’ that includes all an economy’s industrial emitters of greenhouse gases has some intuitive appeal. Although it seems equitable it does not, however, take into full account all the costs related to the extent of coverage. This report shows how an alternative approach of ‘efficient coverage’ can achieve the same emission reduction outcome at lower social cost. The approach is based on maximising the benefits of including installations in an ETS, while at the same time taking into account all relevant transaction costs. A broad definition of transaction costs is used – the regulatory costs to the government as well as regulatory costs imposed on covered installations. Particularly for relatively modest emissions reduction targets, the study found there are significant cost savings with an ‘efficient coverage’ compared with ‘blanket coverage’. Key words: Emissions Trading Scheme, Environmental Policy, Installation Coverage, Transaction costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Regina Betz & Todd Sanderson & Tihomir Ancev, 2009. "In or out? Efficient inclusion of installations in an emissions trading scheme," Environmental Economics Research Hub Research Reports 0928, Environmental Economics Research Hub, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    • Handle: RePEc:een:eenhrr:0928
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    File URL: https://crawford.anu.edu.au/research_units/eerh/pdf/EERH_RR28.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Montgomery, W. David, 1972. "Markets in licenses and efficient pollution control programs," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 5(3), pages 395-418, December.
    2. R. H. Coase, 2013. "The Problem of Social Cost," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 56(4), pages 837-877.
    3. Joachim Schleich & Regina Betz, 2004. "EU emissions trading and transaction costs for small and medium sized companies," Intereconomics: Review of European Economic Policy, Springer;ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics;Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS), vol. 39(3), pages 121-123, May.
    4. Löschel, Andreas & Lange, Andreas & Hoffmann, Tim & Böhringer, Christoph & Moslener, Ulf, 2004. "Assessing Emission Allocation in Europe: An Interactive Simulation Approach," ZEW Discussion Papers 04-40, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    5. Regina Betz & Karoline Rogge & Joachim Schleich, 2006. "EU emissions trading: an early analysis of national allocation plans for 2008-2012," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 6(4), pages 361-394, July.
    6. Montero, Juan-Pablo, 1998. "Marketable pollution permits with uncertainty and transaction costs," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 27-50, March.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Böhringer, Christoph & Dijkstra, Bouwe & Rosendahl, Knut Einar, 2014. "Sectoral and regional expansion of emissions trading," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 201-225.
    2. De Cara, Stéphane & Henry, Loïc & Jayet, Pierre-Alain, 2018. "Optimal coverage of an emission tax in the presence of monitoring, reporting, and verification costs," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 71-93.
    3. Rogge, Karoline S. & Schneider, Malte & Hoffmann, Volker H., 2011. "The innovation impact of the EU Emission Trading System -- Findings of company case studies in the German power sector," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(3), pages 513-523, January.
    4. repec:zbw:hohpro:337-11 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Wang, Xu & Zhu, Lei & Fan, Ying, 2018. "Transaction costs, market structure and efficient coverage of emissions trading scheme: A microlevel study from the pilots in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 657-671.
    6. repec:old:wpaper:337-11 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Massol, Olivier & Tchung-Ming, Stéphane & Banal-Estañol, Albert, 2015. "Joining the CCS club! The economics of CO2 pipeline projects," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 247(1), pages 259-275.
    8. Christoph Weber & Philip Vogel, 2014. "Contingent certificate allocation rules and incentives for power plant investment and disinvestment," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 46(3), pages 292-317, December.
    9. Calcott, Paul, 2012. "Regulatory triggers and New Source Review," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 337-348.
    10. Massol, O. & Tchung-Ming, S., 2012. "Joining the CCS Club! Insights from a Northwest European CO2 Pipeline Project," Working Papers 12/10, Department of Economics, City University London.
    11. Bouwe Dijkstra & Edward Manderson & Tae-Yeoun Lee, 2011. "Extending the Sectoral Coverage of an International Emission Trading Scheme," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 50(2), pages 243-266, October.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    emissions trading scheme; environmental policy; installation coverage; transaction costs.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q50 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - General
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies

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