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Managing export complexity: the role of service outsourcing

Author

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  • Giuseppe Berlingieri
  • Frank Pisch
Abstract
Exporting involves sunk and fixed costs in the form of service inputs, and whether such services are 'made' in-house or 'bought' from external agencies is a key organizational margin: it is not a core-competence of manufacturing companies and has far-reaching implications for the costs of exporting. We study such outsourcing decisions both conceptually and empirically. For guidance, we propose a theoretical framework in which firms trade off managerial strain (internal provision) and ex-post adaptation costs (external provision). Using confidential firm-level data from France and a novel instrumental variables strategy, we document the precise service inputs needed to access foreign markets and provide empirical evidence that these are typically outsourced. In line with the model, this pattern is strong for services with high costs of adaptation, and when firms have little managerial capability available. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings for servitization and inequality.

Suggested Citation

  • Giuseppe Berlingieri & Frank Pisch, 2022. "Managing export complexity: the role of service outsourcing," CEP Discussion Papers dp1843, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    • Handle: RePEc:cep:cepdps:dp1843
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    adaptation; complexity; core competencies; firm boundaries; firm capabilities; sunk and fixed export costs; professional and business services; structural transformation.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D23 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • L22 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Organization and Market Structure
    • L23 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Organization of Production
    • L24 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Contracting Out; Joint Ventures
    • L84 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Personal, Professional, and Business Services

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