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Europäische Gemeinschaftsanleihen seit der Ölkrise: Lehren für heute?

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  • Horn, Sebastian
  • Meyer, Josefin
  • Trebesch, Christoph
Abstract
Im Zuge der Corona Krise werden europäische Gemeinschaftsanleihen zur Unterstützung von besonders betroffenen Mitgliedsländern intensiv diskutiert. Die Autoren zeigen, dass Gemeinschaftsanleihen europäischer Staaten keine Neuigkeit wären. Seit den 1970er Jahren hat die Europäische Kommission wiederholt Anleihen auf dem privaten Kapitalmarkt ausgegeben, die durch die Mitgliedsländer garantiert und an Krisenländer ausgeschüttet wurden. "Coronabonds", wie derzeit diskutiert, stünden in einer langen Tradition. Die erste Gemeinschaftsanleihe wurde 1976 zu Gunsten Italiens und Irlands emittiert, in den 1980er und 1990er Jahren folgten weitere Anleihen für Frankreich, Griechenland und Portugal, sowie, nach 2008, für Ungarn, Lettland und Rumänien. Zusätzlich wurde 2012 der ESM für Eurozonen-Länder etabliert. Aus der Geschichte kann somit die Lehre gezogen werden, dass die europäischen Regierungen in tiefen Krisen immer wieder bereit waren gemeinschaftliche Anleihen auszugeben und dafür zu haften, wenn auch nur für begrenzte Zeit. Die dafür notwendigen Institutionen wurden flexibel und kurzfristig entwickelt. Eine zweite Lehre ist, dass der EU Haushalt seit den 70er Jahren wiederholt genutzt wurde, um die Rückzahlung der Anleihen zu garantieren. Es ist kein Zufall, dass derzeit auch wieder vorgeschlagen wird "Coronabonds" über einen deutlich erweiterten EU Haushalt zu bedienen.

Suggested Citation

  • Horn, Sebastian & Meyer, Josefin & Trebesch, Christoph, 2020. "Europäische Gemeinschaftsanleihen seit der Ölkrise: Lehren für heute?," Kiel Policy Brief 136, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkpb:136
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Giancarlo Corsetti & Aitor Erce & Timothy Uy, 2017. "Official Sector Lending Strategies During the Euro Area Crisis," Discussion Papers 1720, Centre for Macroeconomics (CFM).
    2. Trebesch, Christoph & Reinhart, Carmen & Horn, Sebastian, 2020. "Coping with Disasters: Two Centuries of International Official Lending," CEPR Discussion Papers 14902, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    3. Kruse, D. C., 1980. "Monetary Integration in Western Europe," Elsevier Monographs, Elsevier, edition 1, number 9780408106665 edited by Duchêne, François.
    4. James, Harold, 2012. "Making the European Monetary Union," Economics Books, Harvard University Press, number 9780674066830, Spring.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    EU-Anleihen; Europäische Union; Globale Krise; COVID-19; Euro bonds; European Union; global crisis; COVID-19;
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