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Der "more economic approach" in der Wettbewerbspolitik

Author

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  • Schmidtchen, Dieter
Abstract
Die jüngsten, einem ?more economic approach? verpflichteten Reformen im europäischen Wettbewerbsrecht geben Anlaß, sich verstärkt mit der ökonomischen Effizienz als Leitbild der Wettbewerbspolitik zu befassen. In diesem Beitrag wird in Übereinstimmung mit der überwiegenden Praxis in der Ökonomie die gesellschaftliche Wohlfahrt (sozialer Überschuß) im relevanten Markt als Effizienzmaß verwendet. Konkret wird vorgeschlagen, daß Wettbewerbsbehörden und Gerichte in allen Verfahren gegen Unternehmen und Unternehmensgruppen einen überzeugend begründeten Effizienzeinwand als Rechtfertigung für ein beanstandetes Verhalten zulassen. Dieser Einwand muß sich auf die ökonomische Theorie des ?second-best? im relevanten Markt stützen. Das bedeutet: Die Beschuldigten haben die Pflicht (Beweislast), überzeugend nachzuweisen, daß die Schaffung oder Vergrößerung von Marktmacht geeignet ist, eine aus Marktversagen resultierende Ineffizienz im relevanten Markt zu verringern, oder daß schädliche Wirkungen der Marktmacht durch angebotsseitige oder nachfrageseitige Effizienzgewinne überkompensiert werden. Die Kartellbehörden hätten die Erforderlichkeit und Verhältnismäßigkeit des inkriminierten Verhaltens zu prüfen. Diesem, Neue Wettbewerbspolitik genannten, Konzept liegt ein Wettbewerbsbegriff zugrunde, bei dem Wettbewerb als Prozeß der Wertschöpfung bei gleichzeitiger Rivalität um möglichst große Anteile am sozialen Überschuß begriffen wird. Als Wettbewerbsbeschränkung gelten alle strukturellen und verhaltensmäßigen Faktoren, die die Wertschöpfung im relevanten Markt verringern. Der Beitrag diskutiert die Herausforderungen eines ?more economic approach? für die traditionelle Wettbewerbspolitik und er enthält einen Leitfaden für dessen Implementierung. Es zeigt sich, daß die Neue Wettbewerbspolitik, was die Operationalität der Begriffe und die Rechtssicherheit anlangt, der traditionellen Wettbewerbspolitik nicht unterlegen ist.

Suggested Citation

  • Schmidtchen, Dieter, 2005. "Der "more economic approach" in der Wettbewerbspolitik," CSLE Discussion Paper Series 2005-04, Saarland University, CSLE - Center for the Study of Law and Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:csledp:200504
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    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/23075/1/2005-04_moreeconomic.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. R. H. Coase, 2013. "The Problem of Social Cost," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 56(4), pages 837-877.
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    3. Bickenbach, Frank & Kumkar, Lars & Soltwedel, Rüdiger, 1999. "The new institutional economics of antitrust and regulation," Kiel Working Papers 961, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    4. Joseph M. Ostroy & Louis Makowski, 2001. "Perfect Competition and the Creativity of the Market," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 39(2), pages 479-535, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dieter Schmidtchen, "undated". "Wettbewerbsfreiheit, Per se Verbote und die Rule of Reason – Anmerkungen zum institutionenökonomisch-evolutionären Wettbewerbsleitbild
      Freedom to compete, per se rules and the rule of reason – Re      ," German Working Papers in Law and Economics 2006-1-1159, Berkeley Electronic Press.
    2. Christian von Hirschhausen & Hannes Weigt, 2007. "Aktive Wettbewerbspolitik für effiziente Elektrizitätserzeugungsmärkte: Instrumente, internationale Erfahrungen und wirtschaftspolitische Schlussfolgerungen," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 76(1), pages 65-86.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    more economic approach; second-best tradeoff; Williamson-tradeoff; Post Chicago antitrust policy; efficiency defense; property rights;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L40 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies - - - General

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