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A Meta-Analysis of Self-Reported Achievement Goals and Nonself-Report Performance across Three Achievement Domains (Work, Sports, and Education)

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  • Nico W Van Yperen
  • Monica Blaga
  • Tom Postmes
Abstract
During the past three decades, the achievement goal approach to achievement motivation has emerged as an influential area of research, and is dedicated to understanding the reasons behind the individual’s drive to achieve competence and performance. However, the current literature on achievement goals is segmented rather than integrated. That is, citations across the three major and distinct achievement domains (work, education, and sports) are more the exception than the rule and similarities and differences between findings for the different achievement domains have yet to be tested. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between self-reported achievement goals and nonself-report performance through meta-analysis, and the moderating potential of achievement domain. Identifying achievement domain as moderator improves our understanding to which contexts we can (not) generalize conclusions to, it helps to understand seemingly inconsistent findings, and opens avenues for future research on the underlying processes. Because the achievement goal (AG) measure used in a study is partially confounded with achievement domain, we examined the moderating role of this variable as well. Our findings suggest that – overall – approach goals (either mastery or performance) were associated positively with performance attainment, whereas avoidance goals (either mastery or performance) were associated negatively with performance attainment. These relationships were moderated by achievement domain. For example, relative to the education or work domain, in the sports domain, we did not observe negative correlations between avoidance goals and performance. The absence of statistical moderation due to AG measure suggests that the observed moderation of achievement domain cannot be explained by the AG measure utilized. We suggest further steps to integrate the achievement goal literature, and accordingly, to broaden and deepen understanding of performance attainment in competence-relevant settings, including the workplace, the sports field, and the classroom.

Suggested Citation

  • Nico W Van Yperen & Monica Blaga & Tom Postmes, 2014. "A Meta-Analysis of Self-Reported Achievement Goals and Nonself-Report Performance across Three Achievement Domains (Work, Sports, and Education)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(4), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0093594
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093594
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Van Yperen, Nico W. & Orehek, Edward, 2013. "Achievement goals in the workplace: Conceptualization, prevalence, profiles, and outcomes," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 71-79.
    2. Chen, Gilad & Mathieu, John E., 2008. "Goal orientation dispositions and performance trajectories: The roles of supplementary and complementary situational inducements," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 106(1), pages 21-38, May.
    3. Button, Scott B. & Mathieu, John E. & Zajac, Dennis M., 1996. "Goal Orientation in Organizational Research: A Conceptual and Empirical Foundation," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 67(1), pages 26-48, July.
    4. P. Poortvliet & Frederik Anseel & Onne Janssen & Nico Yperen & Evert Vliert, 2012. "Perverse Effects of Other-Referenced Performance Goals in an Information Exchange Context," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 106(4), pages 401-414, April.
    5. Viechtbauer, Wolfgang, 2010. "Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 36(i03).
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    Cited by:

    1. Arjan Dam & Gera Noordzij & Marise Born, 2020. "Thriving Under Uncertainty: The Effect of Achievement Goal Orientation on Job Insecurity and Flourishing," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 150(2), pages 659-678, July.
    2. Nico W Van Yperen & Eric F Rietzschel & Kiki M M De Jonge, 2014. "Blended Working: For Whom It May (Not) Work," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(7), pages 1-8, July.
    3. Elyse D’Astous & Leslie Podlog & Ryan Burns & Maria Newton & Bradley Fawver, 2020. "Perceived Competence, Achievement Goals, and Return-To-Sport Outcomes: A Mediation Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-15, April.
    4. Gottfredson, Ryan K. & Reina, Christopher S., 2021. "Illuminating the foundational role that mindsets should play in leadership development," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 64(4), pages 439-451.
    5. Nicolas Mascret & Martin Nicolleau & Isabelle Ragot-Court, 2020. "Development and validation of a scale assessing achievement goals in driving," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(3), pages 1-15, March.

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