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Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: Evidence from Egypt, Kenya and Turkey

Author

Listed:
  • Emrah Bese

    (Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Near East University, Northern Cyprus,)

  • Salih Kalayci

    (Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey)

Abstract
In this study, the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is examined for 3 developing countries which are Egypt, Kenya and Turkey for the period between 1971 and 2014. The EKC hypothesis is examined under two nexus which are GDP, and energy consumption, and GDP, , energy consumption and the square of GDP. The EKC hypothesis is not confirmed for Egypt, Kenya and Turkey, and the growth hypothesis is confirmed for Egypt and Kenya. The neutrality hypothesis is confirmed for Turkey. Unidirectional causality running from to energy consumption is found for Turkey and no causal relationship is found between and GDP for Egypt, Kenya and Turkey. Authorities in Turkey, Egypt and Kenya should continue to invest in emission reduction policies since these policies are likely not to have a detrimental effect on economic growth. These countries are likely to achieve further economic growth without causing environmental degradation since no causal relationship is found between and GDP. Limits of our study are that results are obtained for 3 developing countries and the period between 1971 and 2014 are examined for these countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Emrah Bese & Salih Kalayci, 2019. "Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: Evidence from Egypt, Kenya and Turkey," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(6), pages 479-491.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2019-06-58
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Olawumi Dele Awolusi, 2022. "Education and Economic Growth in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)," Journal of Education and Vocational Research, AMH International, vol. 13(1), pages 6-20.
    3. Jacob Otim & Susan Watundu & John Mutenyo & Vincent Bagire, 2023. "Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Urbanization, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Kenya," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(3), pages 457-468, May.
    4. Abdullah Tirgil & Yasin Acar & Onder Ozgur, 2021. "Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve: evidence from Turkey," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(10), pages 14585-14604, October.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis; International Economics; GDP; Energy consumption;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q50 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - General
    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • Q4 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy

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