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From the Chiang Mai Initiative to an Asian Monetary Fund

Author

Listed:
  • Kawai, Masahiro

    (Asian Development Bank Institute)

Abstract
Following the 1997–1998 Asian financial crisis, financial authorities in ASEAN+3 embarked on several new initiatives for East Asia's financial cooperation, including: (i) regional economic surveillance led by the Economic Review and Policy Dialogue (ERPD); (ii) a regional liquidity support facility, called the Chiang Mai Initiative (CMI); and (iii) local-currency bond market development. The global financial crisis of 2007–2009 demonstrated the need to further strengthen East Asian financial cooperation. This paper summarizes and evaluates the progress of regional financial cooperation, particularly the ERPD, the CMI and its subsequent multilateralization (CMIM), and the ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office (AMRO). It identifies the challenges in strengthening the CMIM, ERPD, and AMRO and suggests that the CMIM and AMRO be transformed into an Asian monetary fund (AMF). The paper argues that for an AMF to emerge, ASEAN+3 authorities need to: (i) contribute part of their foreign exchange reserves to the fund; (ii) establish a secretariat in charge of all aspects of the CMIM, including its activation; and (iii) delink the CMIM from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) programs by upgrading their capacity to conduct regional surveillance, formulate independent conditionality associated with crisis lending, and monitor policy and economic performance. In the transition period, eligible member countries should be allowed to have more flexible access to the CMIM facility. The CMIM and AMRO should work with the IMF to promote East Asian financial stability, but at the same time the IMF needs to undertake significant operational and governance reforms so that it regains the trust of emerging economy members in the region.

Suggested Citation

  • Kawai, Masahiro, 2015. "From the Chiang Mai Initiative to an Asian Monetary Fund," ADBI Working Papers 527, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbiwp:0527
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Haruhiko Kuroda & Masahiro Kawai, 2002. "Strengthening Regional Financial Cooperation in East Asia," Asia Pacific Economic Papers 332, Australia-Japan Research Centre, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    2. Iwan J. Azis, 2012. "Asian Regional Financial Safety Nets? Don't Hold Your Breath," Public Policy Review, Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Finance Japan, vol. 8(3), pages 321-340, August.
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    5. Masahiro Kawai & Mario B. Lamberte & Peter J. Morgan (ed.), 2014. "Reform of the International Monetary System," Springer Books, Springer, edition 127, number 978-4-431-55034-1, February.
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    7. Hal Hill & Jayant Menon, 2014. "Financial safety nets in Asia: genesis, evolution, adequacy and way forward," Chapters, in: Masahiro Kawai & Peter J. Morgan & Pradumna B. Rana (ed.), New Global Economic Architecture, chapter 5, pages 83-111, Edward Elgar Publishing.
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    13. Takagi, Shinji, 2010. "Regional Surveillance for East Asia: How Can It Be Designed to Complement Global Surveillance?," Working Papers on Regional Economic Integration 50, Asian Development Bank.
    14. C. Randall Henning, 2011. "Coordinating Regional and Multilateral Financial Institutions," Working Paper Series WP11-9, Peterson Institute for International Economics.
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    Cited by:

    1. Suk Hyun & James F. Paradise, 2020. "Toward an Asian Monetary Fund: Ideas for Transition," Asian Economic Papers, MIT Press, vol. 19(2), pages 65-77, Summer.
    2. William N. Kring & William W. Grimes, 2019. "Leaving the Nest: The Rise of Regional Financial Arrangements and the Future of Global Governance," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 50(1), pages 72-95, January.
    3. Göver, Zeki Tuğrul, 2018. "The Effects of the IMF’s Quota and Governance Reforms on Turkey," Bulletin of Economic Theory and Analysis, BETA Journals, vol. 3(1), pages 1-34, March.
    4. C. Randall Henning, 2019. "Regime Complexity and the Institutions of Crisis and Development Finance," Development and Change, International Institute of Social Studies, vol. 50(1), pages 24-45, January.
    5. Luca Alfieri & Nino Kokashvili, 2020. "Financial Safety Nets In East Asia And Europe: A Political Economy Assessment," University of Tartu - Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Working Paper Series 121, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Tartu (Estonia).
    6. Hans Genberg, 2017. "Financial Integration in Asia," Working Papers wp22, South East Asian Central Banks (SEACEN) Research and Training Centre.
    7. Maksym Kulbida, 2017. "International Monetary Fund And East Asia: Developments, Challenges, And Lessons Learned," Baltic Journal of Economic Studies, Publishing house "Baltija Publishing", vol. 3(5).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    chiang mai initiative; asian monetary fund; bond market development; crisis lending; multilateralization;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration

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