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Income Heterogeneity and Environmental Kuznets Curve in Africa

Author

Listed:
  • Ogundipe, Adeyemi
  • Alege, Philip
  • Ogundipe, Oluwatomisin
Abstract
The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis asserts that pollution levels rises as a country develops, but reaches a certain threshold where pollution begins to fall with increasing income. In EKC analysis, the relationship between environmental degradation and income is usually expressed as a quadratic function with turning point occurring at a maximum pollution level. The study seeks to examine the pattern and nature of EKC in Africa and major income groups according to World Bank classification comprising low income, lower middle income and upper middle income in Africa. In ensuring the robustness of our study; the paper proceeded by ascertaining the nature of EKC in all fifty-three countries of Africa in order to confirm the results obtained from basic and augmented EKC model. The study could not validate EKC hypothesis in Africa (combined), low income and upper middle income but empirical and analytical evidences supports the existence of EKC in lower middle income countries. Likewise, evidences from the robustness checks confirmed the findings from the basic and augmented EKC model. The study could not attain a reasonable turning point as there are evidences that Africa could be turning on the EKC at lower levels of income. Also, there is need to strengthen institutions in order to enforce policies that prohibits environmental pollution and ensure pro-poor development.

Suggested Citation

  • Ogundipe, Adeyemi & Alege, Philip & Ogundipe, Oluwatomisin, 2014. "Income Heterogeneity and Environmental Kuznets Curve in Africa," MPRA Paper 55822, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:55822
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Yanli Ji & Jie Xue, 2022. "Decoupling Effect of County Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth in China: Empirical Evidence from Jiangsu Province," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-22, March.
    2. Philip O. Alege & Oluwasogo S. Adediran & Adeyemi A. Ogundipe, 2016. "Pollutant Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Nigeria," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 6(2), pages 202-207.
    3. Hammed, Oluwaseyi Musibau & Yanotti, Maria & Vespignani, Joaquin & Nepal, Rabindra, 2020. "The moderating role of green energy and energy-innovation in environmental kuznets: Insights from quantile-quantile analysis," Working Papers 2020-03, University of Tasmania, Tasmanian School of Business and Economics.
    4. Mark Awe Tachega & Xilong Yao & Yang Liu & Dulal Ahmed & Wilhermina Ackaah & Mohamed Gabir & Justice Gyimah, 2021. "Income Heterogeneity and the Environmental Kuznets Curve Turning Points: Evidence from Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-22, May.
    5. Ali Fakih & Walid Marrouch, 2019. "Environmental Kuznets Curve, a Mirage? A Non-parametric Analysis for MENA Countries," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 25(1), pages 113-119, February.
    6. Ekpeno L. Effiong & Alex O. Iriabije, 2018. "Let the data speak: semiparametric evidence on the environmental Kuznets curve in Africa," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 52(2), pages 771-782, March.
    7. Louis Sevitnenyi Nkwatoh, 2022. "Zero-pollution effect and economic development: standard and nested environmental Kuznets curve analyses for West Africa," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(10), pages 11895-11910, October.
    8. Olusola Joel Oyeleke, 2021. "On the Non-Linear Relationship between Fiscal Deficit and Inflation: The Nigeria Experience," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 27(2), pages 105-117, May.
    9. Tenaw, Dagmawe & Beyene, Abebe D., 2021. "Environmental sustainability and economic development in sub-Saharan Africa: A modified EKC hypothesis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    10. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Sharma, Rajesh & Sinha, Avik & Jiao, Zhilun, 2021. "Analyzing nonlinear impact of economic growth drivers on CO2 emissions: Designing an SDG framework for India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(PB).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Pollution; Income; Environmental Kuznets Curve; Africa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N17 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - Africa; Oceania
    • Q1 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture
    • Q4 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy
    • Q5 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics

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