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A consolidated approach to the axiomatization of outranking relations: a survey and new results

Author

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  • Denis Bouyssou

    (LAMSADE - Laboratoire d'analyse et modélisation de systèmes pour l'aide à la décision - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Marc Pirlot

    (Faculté polytechnique de Mons - UMONS - Université de Mons / University of Mons)

Abstract
Outranking relations such as produced by the Electre I or II or the Tactic methods are based on a concordance and non-discordance principle that leads to declaring that an alternative is "superior" to another, if the coalition of attributes supporting this proposition is "sufficiently important" (concordance condition) and if there is no attribute that "strongly rejects" it (non-discordance condition). Such a way of comparing alternatives is rather natural and does not require a detailed analysis of tradeoffs between the various attributes. However, it is well known that it may produce binary relations that do not possess any remarkable property of transitivity or completeness. The axiomatic foundations of outranking relations have recently received attention. Within a conjoint measurement framework, characterizations of reflexive concordance–discordance relations have been obtained. These relations encompass those generated by the Electre I and II methods, which are non-strict (reflexive) relations. A different characterization has been provided for strict (asymmetric) preference relations such as produced by Tactic. In this paper we briefly review the various kinds of axiomatizations of outranking relations proposed so far in the literature. Then we analyze the relationships between reflexive and asymmetric outranking relations in a conjoint measurement framework, consolidating our previous work. Co-duality plays an essential rôle in our analysis. It allows us to understand the correspondence between the previous characterizations. Making a step further, we provide a common axiomatic characterization for both types of relations. Applying the co-duality operator to concordance–discordance relations also yields a new and interesting type of preference relation that we call concordance relation with bonus. The axiomatic characterization of such relations results directly from co-duality arguments.

Suggested Citation

  • Denis Bouyssou & Marc Pirlot, 2015. "A consolidated approach to the axiomatization of outranking relations: a survey and new results," Post-Print hal-01509500, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01509500
    DOI: 10.1007/s10479-015-1803-y
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01509500
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Anonymous, 2011. "Notes from the Editors," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 105(3), pages 1-1, August.
    2. Anonymous, 2011. "Notes from the Editors," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 105(4), pages 1-1, November.
    3. Bouyssou, Denis & Marchant, Thierry, 2007. "An axiomatic approach to noncompensatory sorting methods in MCDM, I: The case of two categories," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 178(1), pages 217-245, April.
    4. Bouyssou, Denis & Pirlot, Marc, 2005. "A characterization of concordance relations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 167(2), pages 427-443, December.
    5. JosÉ Figueira & Salvatore Greco & Matthias Ehrogott, 2005. "Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis: State of the Art Surveys," International Series in Operations Research and Management Science, Springer, number 978-0-387-23081-8, April.
    6. Bouyssou, Denis & Pirlot, Marc, 2005. "Following the traces:: An introduction to conjoint measurement without transitivity and additivity," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 163(2), pages 287-337, June.
    7. Bouyssou, Denis, 1986. "Some remarks on the notion of compensation in MCDM," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 150-160, July.
    8. Anonymous, 2011. "Notes from the Editors," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 105(2), pages 1-1, May.
    9. Denis Bouyssou & Marc Pirlot, 2002. "Nontransitive Decomposable Conjoint Measurement," Post-Print hal-02361942, HAL.
    10. Anonymous, 2011. "Notes from the Editors," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 105(1), pages 1-1, February.
    11. Fuad Aleskerov & Denis Bouyssou & Bernard Monjardet, 2007. "Utility Maximization, Choice and Preference," Springer Books, Springer, edition 0, number 978-3-540-34183-3, January.
    12. Bouyssou, Denis & Marchant, Thierry, 2015. "On the relations between ELECTRE TRI-B and ELECTRE TRI-C and on a new variant of ELECTRE TRI-B," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 242(1), pages 201-211.
    13. Bouyssou, Denis & Marchant, Thierry, 2007. "An axiomatic approach to noncompensatory sorting methods in MCDM, II: More than two categories," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 178(1), pages 246-276, April.
    14. Bouyssou, Denis & Marchant, Thierry, 2015. "On the relations between ELECTRE TRI-B and ELECTRE TRI-C and on a new variant of ELECTRE TRI-B," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 242(1), pages 201-211.
    15. Marchant, Thierry, 2007. "An axiomatic characterization of different majority concepts," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 179(1), pages 160-173, May.
    16. Deparis, Stéphane & Mousseau, Vincent & Öztürk, Meltem & Pallier, Christophe & Huron, Caroline, 2012. "When conflict induces the expression of incomplete preferences," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 221(3), pages 593-602.
    17. Iverson, G. & Falmagne, J. -C., 1985. "Statistical issues in measurement," Mathematical Social Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 10(2), pages 131-153, October.
    18. repec:dau:papers:123456789/2944 is not listed on IDEAS
    19. Denis Bouyssou & Marc Pirlot, 2004. "Preferences for multi-attributed alternatives: Traces, Dominance, and Numerical Representations," Post-Print hal-00004104, HAL.
    20. Bouyssou, Denis & Pirlot, Marc, 2007. "Further results on concordance relations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 181(1), pages 505-514, August.
    21. Bouyssou, Denis & Pirlot, Marc, 2009. "An axiomatic analysis of concordance-discordance relations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 199(2), pages 468-477, December.
    22. Denis Bouyssou, 1996. "Outranking Relations: Do They Have Special Properties?," Post-Print hal-02920213, HAL.
    23. Denis Bouyssou & Jean-Claude Vansnick, 1986. "Noncompensatory and generalized noncompensatory preference structures," Post-Print hal-02920182, HAL.
    24. Peter C. Fishburn, 1970. "Intransitive Indifference in Preference Theory: A Survey," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 18(2), pages 207-228, April.
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    1. Denis Bouyssou & Thierry Marchant & Marc Pirlot, 2023. "A theoretical look at Electre Tri-nB and related sorting models," 4OR, Springer, vol. 21(1), pages 1-31, March.
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