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Multiple Equilibria in Open Economy Models with Collateral Constraints: Overborrowing Revisited

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  • Schmitt-Grohé, Stephanie
  • Uribe, Martín
Abstract
This paper establishes the existence of multiple equilibria in infinite-horizon open-economy models in which the value of tradable and nontradable endowments serves as collateral. In this environment, the economy displays self-fulfilling financial crises in which pessimistic views about the value of collateral induces agents to deleverage. The paper shows that under plausible calibrations, there exist equilibria with underborrowing. This result stands in contrast to the overborrowing result stressed in the related literature. Underborrowing emerges in the present context because in economies that are prone to self-fulfilling financial crises, individual agents engage in excessive precautionary savings as a way to self-insure.

Suggested Citation

  • Schmitt-Grohé, Stephanie & Uribe, Martín, 2016. "Multiple Equilibria in Open Economy Models with Collateral Constraints: Overborrowing Revisited," CEPR Discussion Papers 11623, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11623
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    1. Javier Bianchi, 2011. "Overborrowing and Systemic Externalities in the Business Cycle," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(7), pages 3400-3426, December.
    2. Benigno, Gianluca & Chen, Huigang & Otrok, Christopher & Rebucci, Alessandro & Young, Eric R., 2016. "Optimal capital controls and real exchange rate policies: A pecuniary externality perspective," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 147-165.
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    4. Jeanne, Olivier & Korinek, Anton, 2019. "Managing credit booms and busts: A Pigouvian taxation approach," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 2-17.
    5. Aghion, Philippe & Bacchetta, Philippe & Banerjee, Abhijit, 2001. "Currency crises and monetary policy in an economy with credit constraints," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 45(7), pages 1121-1150.
    6. Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé & Martín Uribe, 2016. "Downward Nominal Wage Rigidity, Currency Pegs, and Involuntary Unemployment," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 124(5), pages 1466-1514.
    7. Guido Lorenzoni, 2008. "Inefficient Credit Booms," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 75(3), pages 809-833.
    8. Enrique G. Mendoza, 2002. "Credit, Prices, and Crashes: Business Cycles with a Sudden Stop," NBER Chapters, in: Preventing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets, pages 335-392, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Mr. Roberto Garcia-Saltos & Mr. Leonardo Auernheimer, 2000. "International Debt and the Price of Domestic Assets," IMF Working Papers 2000/177, International Monetary Fund.
    10. Enrique G. Mendoza, 2005. "Real Exchange Rate Volatility and the Price of Nontradable Goods in Economies Prone to Sudden Stops," Economía Journal, The Latin American and Caribbean Economic Association - LACEA, vol. 0(Fall 2005), pages 103-148, August.
    11. Jeremy C. Stein, 1995. "Prices and Trading Volume in the Housing Market: A Model with Down-Payment Effects," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 110(2), pages 379-406.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jeanne, Olivier & Korinek, Anton, 2019. "Managing credit booms and busts: A Pigouvian taxation approach," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 2-17.
    2. Mariam Camarero & María Dolores Gadea-Rivas & Ana Gómez-Loscos & Cecilio Tamarit, 2019. "External imbalances and recoveries," Working Papers 1912, Department of Applied Economics II, Universidad de Valencia.
    3. Bengui, Julien & Arce, Fernando & Bianchi, Javier, 2019. "A Macroprudential Theory of Foreign Reserve Accumulation," CEPR Discussion Papers 13952, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    4. Enrique G. Mendoza, 2018. "Macroprudential Policy: Promise and Challenges," Central Banking, Analysis, and Economic Policies Book Series, in: Enrique G. Mendoza & Ernesto Pastén & Diego Saravia (ed.),Monetary Policy and Global Spillovers: Mechanisms, Effects and Policy Measures, edition 1, volume 25, chapter 7, pages 225-277, Central Bank of Chile.
    5. Javier Bianchi & Guido Lorenzoni, 2021. "The Prudential Use of Capital Controls and Foreign Currency Reserves," NBER Working Papers 29476, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Hao Jin & Hewei Shen, 2020. "Foreign Asset Accumulation among Emerging Market Economies: a Case for Coordination," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 35, pages 54-73, January.
    7. Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé & Martín Uribe, 2017. "Is Optimal Capital Control Policy Countercyclical in Open Economy Models with Collateral Constraints?," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 65(3), pages 498-527, August.
    8. Carlos Rondón-Moreno, 2022. "Debt and Taxes: Optimal Fiscal Consolidation in the Small Open Economy," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 941, Central Bank of Chile.
    9. Carmiña O. Vargas & Julian A. Parra‐Polania, 2021. "Analysis of macro‐prudential and ex post financial crisis interventions: Relevance of the fiscal‐policy setup," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(3), pages 3759-3769, July.
    10. Javier Bianchi & Enrique Mendoza, 2020. "A Fisherian Approach to Financial Crises: Lessons from the Sudden Stops Literature," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 37, pages 254-283, August.
    11. Jensen, Henrik & Ravn, Søren Hove & Santoro, Emiliano, 2019. "Kinks and Gains from Credit Cycles," CEPR Discussion Papers 13795, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    12. Stangebye, Zachary R., 2020. "Beliefs and long-maturity sovereign debt," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    13. Enrique G. Mendoza & Eugenio Rojas, 2019. "Positive and Normative Implications of Liability Dollarization for Sudden Stops Models of Macroprudential Policy," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 67(1), pages 174-214, March.
    14. Enrique G. Mendoza, 2017. "Política macroprudencial: promesas y desafíos," Journal Economía Chilena (The Chilean Economy), Central Bank of Chile, vol. 20(2), pages 042-088, August.
    15. Hao Jin & Hewei Shen, 2020. "Foreign Asset Accumulation among Emerging Market Economies: a Case for Coordination," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 35, pages 54-73, January.
    16. Tai‐kuang Ho & Ya‐chi Lin & Kuo‐chun Yeh, 2021. "The case for starting a new exchange rate after debt settlement: Reexamining alternatives to Argentina’s exchange rate policy in 2001–2002," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(3), pages 641-662, August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Pecuniary externalities; Collateral constraints; Overborrowing; Underborrowing; Financial crises; Capital controls;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies

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