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Monetary Policy and Asset Price Overshooting: A Rationale for the Wall/Main Street Disconnect

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  • Ricardo J. Caballero
  • Alp Simsek
Abstract
We analyze optimal monetary policy and its implications for asset prices, when aggregate demand has inertia and responds to asset prices with a lag. If there is a negative output gap, the central bank optimally overshoots aggregate asset prices (asset prices are initially pushed above their steady-state levels consistent with current potential output). Overshooting leads to a temporary disconnect between the performance of financial markets and the real economy, but it accelerates the recovery. When there is a lower-bound constraint on the discount rate, overshooting becomes a concave and non-monotonic function of the output gap: the asset price boost is low for a deeply negative initial output gap, grows as the output gap improves over a range, and shrinks toward zero as the output gap improves further. This pattern also implies that good macroeconomic news is better news for asset prices when the output gap is more negative. Finally, we document that during the Covid-19 recovery, the policy-induced overshooting was large−sufficient to explain the high levels of stock and house prices in 2021.

Suggested Citation

  • Ricardo J. Caballero & Alp Simsek, 2022. "Monetary Policy and Asset Price Overshooting: A Rationale for the Wall/Main Street Disconnect," CESifo Working Paper Series 9632, CESifo.
    • Handle: RePEc:ces:ceswps:_9632
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    2. Thomas M. Mertens & Tony Zhang, 2023. "A Financial New Keynesian Model," Working Paper Series 2023-35, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    monetary policy; aggregate demand inertia; lags; output gap; recovery; asset prices; overshooting; Wall/Main Street disconnect; Covid-19; interest rate lower bound; macroeconomic news; market bond portfolio; QE/LSAPs;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E43 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

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