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Transport-Regional Equity Issue Revisited

Author

Listed:
  • Eduardo Simoes de Almeida
  • Eduardo Amaral Haddad
  • Geoffrey Hewings
Abstract
Almeida E. S. de, Haddad E. A. and Hewings G. J. D. Transport-regional equity issue revisited, Regional Studies. The objective of this paper is to analyse the relationship between transport and regional equity in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Furthermore, the existence of a trade-off between economic performance and regional equity is investigated as well. To do so, the paper develops a spatial computable general equilibrium model based on Brocker and Schneider's approach of 2002 to implement comparative static analysis, explicitly incorporating iceberg transportation costs. Four activities are modelled, namely production, final demand, transportation and exports. Two production factors are assumed: labour and other factors. The model has 12 domestic regions and three external regions. Four counterfactual experiments are developed based on decreases in transportation costs due to a 'distance shortening'. The main findings indicate that if the transport infrastructure improvement is focused only among poor regions, the promotion of regional equity is insignificant. If the transport infrastructure improvement links are concentrated among rich regions, there is an increase in regional income inequalities. However, if the improvements are targeted to the roads linking poor regions and rich ones, there is greater promotion of regional equity. The same result will occur when improvements are made to all road links of the state. [image omitted] Almeida E. S. de, Haddad E. A. et Hewings G. J. D. La question du rapport entre le transport et l'equilibre regional vue sous un jour nouveau, Regional Studies. Cet article cherche a analyser le rapport entre le transport et l'equilibre regional en Minas Gerais au Bresil. En outre, on examine la presence d'un echange entre la performance economoique et l'equilibre regional. Pour le faire, on construit un modele geographique de l'equilibre general a utiliser sur ordinateur fonde sur l'approche de Brockner et Schneider en 2002 afin de mettre en oeuvre une analyse statique comparative qui comprend explicitement les frais de transport iceberg. On modelise quatre activites, a savoir, la production, la demande finale, le transport et l'exportation. On fait deux suppositions quant aux facteurs de production: la main-d'oevre et d'autres facteurs. Le modele embrasse douze regions internes et trois regions externes. On fait quatre experiences paradoxales fondees sur la baisse des frais de transport due a une 'reduction des distances'. Les principaux resultats indiquent que si l'amelioration de l'equipement de transport ne porte que sur les regions defavorisees, la promotion de l'equilibre regional s'avere negligeable. Si l'amelioration de l'equipement de transport focalise les regions riches, il s'avere un creusement des ecarts des revenus regionaux. Cependant, si les ameliorations ciblent les routes qui relient les regions defavorisees aux regions riches, il s'avere une plus grande promotion de l'equilibre regional. Il en va de meme pour la situation ou on a apporte des amenagements a toutes les liaisons routieres de l'etat. Modele geographique de l'equilibre general a utiliser sur ordinateur Equilibre regional Peformance economique Frais de transport Almeida E. S. de, Haddad E. A. und Hewings G. J. D. Die Wiederaufnahme der Frage von Verkehrswesen im Verhaltnis zu regionaler Fairness, Regional Studies. Dieser Aufsatz beabsichtigt, die Beziehung zwischen Verkehrswesen und regionaler Fairness in Minas Gerais (Brasilien) zu analysieren und zugleich auch das Vorkommen von Einbussen entweder bei wirtschaftlicher Leistung oder regionaler Fairness zu untersuchen. Zu diesem Zwecke wird ein auf dem Ansatz von Brocker und Schneider (2002) aufbauendes raumliches komputables allgemeines Gleichgewichtsmodell entwickelt, um vergleichende statistische Analysen durchzufuhren, wobei verborgene 'Eisberg'-Transportkosten ausdrucklich berucksichtigt werden. Es werden vier Unternehmenstatigk eiten aufgefuhrt: Herstellung, Nachfrage, Transportwesen und Exporte, und zwei Produktionsfaktoren vorausgesetzt: Arbeitskrafte und andere Faktoren. Das Modell umfasst zwolf Inlandsregionen und drei externe Regionen. Es werden vier gegensatzliche Experimente entwickelt, die auf einer Abnahme der Transportkosten infolge einer 'Verkurzung der Entfernungen' beruhen. Die Hauptbefunde weisen darauf hin, dass die Forderung regionaler Fairness unbedeutend bleibt, wenn die Verbesserungen der Transportinfrastruktur sich nur auf minderbemittelte Regionen konzentrieren; werden die Verbesserungen der Verbindungen der Transportinfrastruktur in wohlhabenden Regionen durchgefuhrt, so nehmen regionale Einkommensunterschiede zu. Wenn die Verbesserungen jedoch auf Strassen abzielen, die wohlhabende Regionen mit weniger bemittelten verbinden, wird regionale Fairness starker gefordert. Das gleiche Ergebnis wird sich einstellen, wenn Verbesserungen an allen Strassenverbindungen des Staates vorgenommen werden. Raumliches, komputables, allgemeines Gleichgewichtsmodell Regionale Fairness Wirtschaftsleistung Transportkosten Almeida E. S. de, Haddad E. A. y Hewings G. J. D. Revisando el tema de la igualdad del transporte en las regiones, Regional Studies. El objetivo de este documento es analizar la relacion entre el transporte y la igualdad regional en Minas Gerais, Brasil. Asimismo investigamos la existencia de una compensacion entre el rendimiento economico y la igualdad regional. Para ello desarrollamos un modelo de equilibrio general computable y espacial basado en el enfoque de Brocker y Schneider en 2002 para hacer un analisis estatico y comparativo, explicitamente incorporando los costes ocultos de transporte. Se modelan cuatro actividades: la produccion, la demanda final, el transporte y las exportaciones. Suponemos que existen dos factores de produccion: mano de obra y otros factores. En este modelo, existen doce regiones internas y tres regiones externas. Desarrollamos cuatro experimentos contrafactuales basados en la disminucion de los costes de transporte debido a una 'acortamiento de las distancias'. Los principales resultados indican que si la mejora de la infraestructura del transporte se centra solo entre las regiones mas pobres, el fomento de la igualdad regional es insignificante. Si los enlaces de la mejora de la infraestructura del transporte se concentran en las regiones ricas, aumentan las desigualdades de ingresos regionales. Sin embargo, si se mejoran los enlaces de carreteras entre las regiones pobres y ricas, se fomenta mejor la igualdad regional. El mismo resultado ocurre cuando se mejoran los enlaces de todas las carreteras del estado. Modelo de equilibrio general computable y espacial Igualdad regional Rendimiento economico Costes de transporte

Suggested Citation

  • Eduardo Simoes de Almeida & Eduardo Amaral Haddad & Geoffrey Hewings, 2010. "Transport-Regional Equity Issue Revisited," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(10), pages 1387-1400.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:44:y:2010:i:10:p:1387-1400
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400601056847
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    1. Guilhoto, Joaquim J.M., 1995. "Um modelo computável de equilíbrio geral para planejamento e análise de políticas agrícolas (PAPA) na economia brasileira [A computable general equilibrium model for planning and analysis of agricu," MPRA Paper 42349, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Eduardo A. Haddad & Edson P. Domingues, 2002. "Matriz inter-regional de insumo-produto Minas Gerais/resto do Brasil: estimação e extensão para exportações," Anais do X Seminário sobre a Economia Mineira [Proceedings of the 10th Seminar on the Economy of Minas Gerais], in: João Antonio de Paula & et alli (ed.),Anais do X Seminário sobre a Economia Mineira [Proceedings of the 10th Seminar on the Economy of Minas Gerais], Cedeplar, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
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    1. Haddad, Eduardo & Azzoni, Carlos & Puty Filho, Silvestre & Cardoso, Hélio & Domingues, Edson, 2011. "Impactos Socioeconômicos de Grandes Investimentos em Transportes no Estado do Pará," TD NEREUS 6-2011, Núcleo de Economia Regional e Urbana da Universidade de São Paulo (NEREUS).
    2. Almeida, Eduardo Simões de & Guilhoto, Joaquim José Martins, 2010. "Is the truth out there? Avaliando as opções de integração econômica para o Brasil [Is the truth out there? Evaluating the economic integration options for Brazil]," MPRA Paper 54443, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Afonso, Roberta & Miller, Daniel C., 2021. "Forest plantations and local economic development: Evidence from Minas Gerais, Brazil," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    4. De Almeida, Eduardo Simoes & Guilhoto, Joaquim, 2006. "O Custo De Transporte Como Barreira Ao Comércio Na Integração Econômica: O Caso Do Nordeste," 44th Congress, July 23-27, 2006, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil 146589, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).
    5. Eduardo Simões de Almeida, 2004. "A Duplicação Da Rodovia Fernão Dias: Uma Análise De Equilíbrio Geral," Anais do XXXII Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 32nd Brazilian Economics Meeting] 130, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
    6. Betarelli, Admir Antonio & Domingues, Edson Paulo & Hewings, Geoffrey John Dennis, 2020. "Transport policy, rail freight sector and market structure: The economic effects in Brazil," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 1-23.
    7. Shi, Jing & Zhou, Nian, 2012. "A quantitative transportation project investment evaluation approach with both equity and efficiency aspects," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 93-100.
    8. Haddad, Eduardo & Mena-Chalco, Jesús & Sidone, Otávio, 2015. "Scholarly Collaboration in Regional Science in Developing Countries: The Case of the Brazilian REAL Network," TD NEREUS 4-2015, Núcleo de Economia Regional e Urbana da Universidade de São Paulo (NEREUS).
    9. Eduardo A. Haddad & Natalia Q. Cotarelli, Vinicius A. Vale, 2018. "On the Numerical Structure of Local and Nationwide Government Spending Multipliers: What Can We Learn from the Greek Crisis?," Working Papers, Department of Economics 2018_05, University of São Paulo (FEA-USP).
    10. repec:ocp:rpaper:rp-1122 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Eduardo Almeida & Pablo Guimarães, 2014. "Economic Growth and Infrastructure in Brazil: A Spatial Multilevel Approach," ERSA conference papers ersa14p219, European Regional Science Association.
    12. Dias, Lucas & Haddad, Eduardo & Maggi, Andrés, 2020. "Optimal Road Network and the Gains from Intranational Trade," TD NEREUS 15-2020, Núcleo de Economia Regional e Urbana da Universidade de São Paulo (NEREUS).
    13. Eduardo A. Haddad & Jesús P. Mena-Chalco & Otávio J. G. Sidone, 2017. "Scholarly Collaboration in Regional Science in Developing Countries," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 40(5), pages 500-529, September.
    14. Bartlomiej Rokicki & Eduardo A. Haddad & Jonathan M. Horridge & Marcin Stępniak, 2021. "Accessibility in the regional CGE framework: the effects of major transport infrastructure investments in Poland," Transportation, Springer, vol. 48(2), pages 747-772, April.
    15. repec:elg:eechap:14395_2 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Balta-Ozkan, Nazmiye & Watson, Tom & Mocca, Elisabetta, 2015. "Spatially uneven development and low carbon transitions: Insights from urban and regional planning," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 500-510.
    17. World Bank, 2008. "Brazil : Evaluating the Macroeconomic and Distributional Impacts of Lowering Transportation Costs," World Bank Publications - Reports 8083, The World Bank Group.

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