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Assessing the impact of national antibiotic campaigns in Europe

Author

Listed:
  • M. Filippini
  • L. Ortiz
  • G. Masiero
Abstract
Because of evidence of causal association between antibiotic use and bacterial resistance, the implementation of national policies has emerged as a interesting tool for controlling and reversing bacterial resistance. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of public policies on antibiotic use in Europe using a differences-in-differences approach. Comparable data on systemic antibiotics administered in 21 European countries are available for a 11-year period between 1997 and 2007. Data on national campaigns are drawn from the public health literature. We estimate an econometric model of antibiotic consumption with country fixed effects and control for the main socioeconomic and epidemiological factors. Lagged values and the instrumental variables approach are applied to address endogeneity aspects of the prevalence of infections and the adoption of national campaigns. We find evidence that public campaigns significantly reduce the use of antimicrobials in the community by 1.3–5.6 defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants yearly. This represents an impact of roughly 6.5–28.3 % on the mean level of antibiotic use in Europe between 1997 and 2007. The effect is robust across different measurement methods. Further research is needed to investigate the effectiveness of policy interventions targeting different social groups such as general practitioners or patients. Copyright Springer-Verlag 2013

Suggested Citation

  • M. Filippini & L. Ortiz & G. Masiero, 2013. "Assessing the impact of national antibiotic campaigns in Europe," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 14(4), pages 587-599, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:eujhec:v:14:y:2013:i:4:p:587-599
    DOI: 10.1007/s10198-012-0404-9
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    2. Blázquez-Fernández, Carla & González-Prieto, Noelia & Moreno-Mencía, Patricia, 2013. "Pharmaceutical Expenditure as a Determinant of Health Outcomes in EU Countries/El gasto farmacéutico como determinante de los resultados en salud en países de la UE," Estudios de Economia Aplicada, Estudios de Economia Aplicada, vol. 31, pages 379-396, Septiembr.
    3. Eibich, Peter & Ziebarth, Nicolas, 2014. "Examining the Structure of Spatial Health Effects in Germany Using Hierarchical Bayes Models," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 49, pages 305-320.
    4. Filippini, M. & Heimsch, F. & Masiero, G., 2014. "Antibiotic consumption and the role of dispensing physicians," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 242-251.
    5. Mueller, Tanja & Östergren, Per-Olof, 2016. "The correlation between regulatory conditions and antibiotic consumption within the WHO European Region," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(8), pages 882-889.
    6. Wang, Shaobin, 2020. "Spatial patterns and social-economic influential factors of population aging: A global assessment from 1990 to 2010," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    7. Peter Eibich & Nicolas R. Ziebarth, 2013. "Examining the Structure of Spatial Health Effects in Germany Using Hierarchical Bayes Models," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 620, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Antibiotic use; Public policies; National campaigns; Difference-in-difference; I18; C21; C54;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • C54 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Quantitative Policy Modeling

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