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A bankszabályozás lehetőségei és korlátai az endogén pénzelmélet keretében. A bankok puha költségvetési korlátja
[Possibilities and limits of banking regulation in the endogenous money theory framework - the banks soft budget contstraint]

Author

Listed:
  • Ábel, István
  • Mérő, Katalin
Abstract
Cikkünkben megkérdőjelezzük, hogy a jelenlegi bankszabályozási rendszer képes lenne biztosítani azt, hogy a bankok számára mindenkor kemény költségvetési korlát érvényesüljön. Elméleti kiindulópontunk a posztkeynesi endogén pénzelmélet. A bankok a hitelt az ügyfél náluk vezetett számláján írják jóvá. A hitelnyújtás teremti meg a betétet, és ehhez külső forrást nem kell használniuk, tehát elvileg korlátlanul képesek pénzt teremteni. A bankok pénzteremtését ugyanakkor számos tényező befolyásolhatja. Kornai János "puha költségvetési korlát" fogalmát alkalmazva elemezzük azokat a tényezőket, amelyek miatt a puha költségvetési korlát a banktevékenység elkerülhetetlen velejárója. Rámutatunk, hogy sem a monetáris politika, sem a bankok profitorientáltsága, sem pedig belső kockázatkezelési gyakorlata nem garantálja, hogy a bankok kemény költségvetési korláttal szembesüljenek. Ezt egy külső tényezőnek, a bankszabályozásnak kellene biztosítani. A jelenlegi bankszabályozási rendszer azonban erre nem alkalmas, így a puha költségvetési korlát a bankok esetében inherens jellemző, ami hozzájárul ahhoz, hogy a bankválságok a pénzügyi rendszer természetes velejárói.

Suggested Citation

  • Ábel, István & Mérő, Katalin, 2024. "A bankszabályozás lehetőségei és korlátai az endogén pénzelmélet keretében. A bankok puha költségvetési korlátja [Possibilities and limits of banking regulation in the endogenous money theory frame," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(6), pages 604-623.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:2189
    DOI: 10.18414/KSZ.2024.6.604
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    JEL classification:

    • B52 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Current Heterodox Approaches - - - Historical; Institutional; Evolutionary; Modern Monetary Theory;
    • E5 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • L5 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy

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