Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/trapol/v127y2022icp31-47.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Integrated methodology for evaluating the efficiency of airports: A case study in Turkey

Author

Listed:
  • Kaya, Gizem
  • Aydın, Umut
  • Karadayı, Melis Almula
  • Ülengin, Füsun
  • Ülengin, Burç
  • İçken, Ayhan
Abstract
Airports play an important role in the economic development of countries. Efficiency analyses of airports are crucial for providing an important roadmap to airport authorities and for helping to benchmark their airports with respect to a role model. Accordingly, in this study, an integrated analysis comprising a super-efficient data envelopment analysis (DEA) and an eigenvector centrality analysis is conducted. Additionally, a Simar–Wilson bootstrapping approach was used to identify the important factors influencing this efficiency. As a case study, the efficiencies of Turkey's 39 international airports were analyzed, and strategic recommendations were suggested. According to the results of the super-efficient DEA analysis and eigenvector centrality analysis, Istanbul Atatürk (closed as of 2019), Adana, and Diyarbakır airports are the “shining stars.” These airports are operationally efficient and act as role models for other airports. Moreover, the hypothesis testing conducted based on the Simar–Wilson bootstrapping approach shows that the efficiency of airports varies by region. The efficiency of airports in the Mediterranean region, which is used as a reference, was found to be significantly higher than that of airports in Eastern Anatolia, Southeast Anatolia, Central Anatolia, and Marmara regions. There also exists a difference between the efficiencies of private and public terminal operations in the favor of public terminal operations. The efficiency of an airport is also positively influenced by the tourist population and by an increase in the gross domestic product per capita of the corresponding city.

Suggested Citation

  • Kaya, Gizem & Aydın, Umut & Karadayı, Melis Almula & Ülengin, Füsun & Ülengin, Burç & İçken, Ayhan, 2022. "Integrated methodology for evaluating the efficiency of airports: A case study in Turkey," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 31-47.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:127:y:2022:i:c:p:31-47
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2022.08.010
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967070X22002219
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tranpol.2022.08.010?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. William W. Cooper & Lawrence M. Seiford & Joe Zhu (ed.), 2011. "Handbook on Data Envelopment Analysis," International Series in Operations Research and Management Science, Springer, number 978-1-4419-6151-8, April.
    2. Liu, John S. & Lu, Wen-Min, 2010. "DEA and ranking with the network-based approach: a case of R&D performance," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 38(6), pages 453-464, December.
    3. Friedman, Lea & Sinuany-Stern, Zilla, 1997. "Scaling units via the canonical correlation analysis in the DEA context," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 100(3), pages 629-637, August.
    4. Simon de Blas, Clara & Simon Martin, Jose & Gomez Gonzalez, Daniel, 2018. "Combined social networks and data envelopment analysis for ranking," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 266(3), pages 990-999.
    5. Bazargan, Massoud & Vasigh, Bijan, 2003. "Size versus efficiency: a case study of US commercial airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 9(3), pages 187-193.
    6. Joe Sarkis, 2007. "Preparing Your Data for DEA," Springer Books, in: Joe Zhu & Wade D. Cook (ed.), Modeling Data Irregularities and Structural Complexities in Data Envelopment Analysis, chapter 0, pages 305-320, Springer.
    7. Gillen, David & Lall, Ashish, 1997. "Developing measures of airport productivity and performance: an application of data envelopment analysis," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 261-273, December.
    8. Chen, Yao & Sherman, H. David, 2004. "The benefits of non-radial vs. radial super-efficiency DEA: an application to burden-sharing amongst NATO member nations," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 307-320, December.
    9. Per Andersen & Niels Christian Petersen, 1993. "A Procedure for Ranking Efficient Units in Data Envelopment Analysis," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 39(10), pages 1261-1264, October.
    10. Örkcü, H. Hasan & Balıkçı, Cemal & Dogan, Mustafa Isa & Genç, Aşır, 2016. "An evaluation of the operational efficiency of turkish airports using data envelopment analysis and the Malmquist productivity index: 2009–2014 case," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 92-104.
    11. Yoshida, Yuichiro & Fujimoto, Hiroyoshi, 2004. "Japanese-airport benchmarking with the DEA and endogenous-weight TFP methods: testing the criticism of overinvestment in Japanese regional airports," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 40(6), pages 533-546, November.
    12. Aydın, Umut & Karadayi, Melis Almula & Ülengin, Füsun, 2020. "How efficient airways act as role models and in what dimensions? A superefficiency DEA model enhanced by social network analysis," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    13. Kan Tsui, Wai Hong & Balli, Hatice Ozer & Gilbey, Andrew & Gow, Hamish, 2014. "Operational efficiency of Asia–Pacific airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 16-24.
    14. Gitto, Simone & Mancuso, Paolo, 2010. "Airport efficiency: a DEA two stage analysis of the Italian commercial airports," MPRA Paper 34366, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 10 Oct 2010.
    15. Seyed Ali Rakhshan, 2017. "Efficiency ranking of decision making units in data envelopment analysis by using TOPSIS-DEA method," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 68(8), pages 906-918, August.
    16. Tone, Kaoru, 2002. "A slacks-based measure of super-efficiency in data envelopment analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 143(1), pages 32-41, November.
    17. Wanke, Peter F., 2013. "Physical infrastructure and flight consolidation efficiency drivers in Brazilian airports: A two-stage network-DEA approach," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 1-5.
    18. Adler, Nicole & Berechman, Joseph, 2001. "Measuring airport quality from the airlines' viewpoint: an application of data envelopment analysis," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 8(3), pages 171-181, July.
    19. Ha, Hun-Koo & Wan, Yulai & Yoshida, Yuichiro & Zhang, Anming, 2013. "Airline market structure and airport efficiency: Evidence from major Northeast Asian airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 32-42.
    20. Oleg Badunenko & Harald Tauchmann, 2019. "Simar and Wilson two-stage efficiency analysis for Stata," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 19(4), pages 950-988, December.
    21. Malcolm Abbott & Su Wu, 2002. "Total Factor Productivity and Efficiency of Australian Airports," Australian Economic Review, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, vol. 35(3), pages 244-260, September.
    22. Fung, Michael Ka Yiu & Wan, Ken Kai Hong & Hui, Yer Van & Law, Japhet Sebastian, 2008. "Productivity changes in Chinese airports 1995-2004," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(3), pages 521-542, May.
    23. Ablanedo-Rosas, José Humberto & Gemoets, Leopoldo A., 2010. "Measuring the efficiency of Mexican airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 343-345.
    24. Iyer, K.Chandrashekhar & Jain, Soumya, 2019. "Performance measurement of airports using data envelopment analysis: A review of methods and findings," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    25. Barros, Carlos Pestana, 2008. "Technical change and productivity growth in airports: A case study," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 42(5), pages 818-832, June.
    26. Lam, Shao Wei & Low, Joyce M.W. & Tang, Loon Ching, 2009. "Operational efficiencies across Asia Pacific airports," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 45(4), pages 654-665, July.
    27. Tran, Trung Hieu & Mao, Yong & Nathanail, Paul & Siebers, Peer-Olaf & Robinson, Darren, 2019. "Integrating slacks-based measure of efficiency and super-efficiency in data envelopment analysis," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 156-165.
    28. J S Liu & W-M Lu & C Yang & M Chuang, 2009. "A network-based approach for increasing discrimination in data envelopment analysis," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 60(11), pages 1502-1510, November.
    29. Yu, Ming-Miin, 2004. "Measuring physical efficiency of domestic airports in Taiwan with undesirable outputs and environmental factors," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 10(5), pages 295-303.
    30. Oum, Tae Hoon & Fu, Xiaowen & Yu, Chunyan, 2005. "New evidences on airline efficiency and yields: a comparative analysis of major North American air carriers and its implications," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 12(2), pages 153-164, March.
    31. Soushi Suzuki & Peter Nijkamp, 2011. "A Stepwise Efficiency Improvement DEA Model for Airport Operations with Fixed Production Factors," ERSA conference papers ersa11p1065, European Regional Science Association.
    32. Hensher, David A. & Duangphastra, Chackrit, 2000. "Interorganizational support and strategies for the ASEAN aviation sector: an application of canonical correlation analysis," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 6(3), pages 119-132.
    33. Rico Merkert & James Odeck & Svein Brathen & Romano Pagliari, 2012. "A Review of Different Benchmarking Methods in the Context of Regional Airports," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(3), pages 379-395, January.
    34. Yu, Ming-Miin, 2010. "Assessment of airport performance using the SBM-NDEA model," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 38(6), pages 440-452, December.
    35. Chi-Lok, Andrew Yuen & Zhang, Anming, 2009. "Effects of competition and policy changes on Chinese airport productivity: An empirical investigation," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 166-174.
    36. Charnes, A. & Cooper, W. W. & Golany, B. & Seiford, L. & Stutz, J., 1985. "Foundations of data envelopment analysis for Pareto-Koopmans efficient empirical production functions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 30(1-2), pages 91-107.
    37. Sarkis, Joseph & Talluri, Srinivas, 2004. "Performance based clustering for benchmarking of US airports," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 38(5), pages 329-346, June.
    38. Wanke, Peter F., 2012. "Efficiency of Brazil's airports: Evidences from bootstrapped DEA and FDH estimates," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 47-53.
    39. Tsekeris, Theodore, 2011. "Greek airports: Efficiency measurement and analysis of determinants," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 140-142.
    40. Georges Assaf, A. & Gillen, David, 2012. "Measuring the joint impact of governance form and economic regulation on airport efficiency," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 220(1), pages 187-198.
    41. Gobbo, Simone Cristina de Oliveira & Mariano, Enzo Barberio & Gobbo Jr., José Alcides, 2021. "Combining social network and data envelopment analysis: A proposal for a Selection Employment Contracts Effectiveness index in healthcare network applications," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    42. lo Storto, Corrado, 2018. "Ownership structure and the technical, cost, and revenue efficiency of Italian airports," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 175-193.
    43. Barros, Carlos Pestana, 2008. "Airports in Argentina: Technical efficiency in the context of an economic crisis," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 14(6), pages 315-319.
    44. Pacheco, Ricardo Rodrigues & Fernandes, Elton & de Sequeira Santos, Marcio Peixoto, 2006. "Management style and airport performance in Brazil," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 12(6), pages 324-330.
    45. John Ruggiero, 2005. "Impact Assessment Of Input Omission On Dea," International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making (IJITDM), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 4(03), pages 359-368.
    46. Fragoudaki, Alexandra & Giokas, Dimitriοs & Glyptou, Kyriaki, 2016. "Efficiency and productivity changes in Greek airports during the crisis years 2010–2014," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 306-315.
    47. W. Cooper & L. Seiford & K. Tone & J. Zhu, 2007. "Some models and measures for evaluating performances with DEA: past accomplishments and future prospects," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 28(3), pages 151-163, December.
    48. Fernandes, Elton & Pacheco, R. R., 2002. "Efficient use of airport capacity," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 225-238, March.
    49. Augustyniak, Wojciech & López-Torres, Laura & Kalinowski, Sławomir, 2015. "Performance of Polish regional airports after accessing the European Union: Does liberalisation impact on airports' efficiency?," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 11-19.
    50. Simar, Leopold & Wilson, Paul W., 2007. "Estimation and inference in two-stage, semi-parametric models of production processes," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 136(1), pages 31-64, January.
    51. Fernández, Xosé Luis & Coto-Millán, Pablo & Díaz-Medina, Benito, 2018. "The impact of tourism on airport efficiency: The Spanish case," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 52-58.
    52. Tzu-Yi Fang, 2020. "Who Is the Keyman? Integrating Two-Stage DEA and Social Network Analysis to Evaluate Operational and Environmental Efficiency in the Semiconductor Industry," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2020, pages 1-11, December.
    53. Chang, Yu-Chun & Yu, Ming-Miin & Chen, Po-Chi, 2013. "Evaluating the performance of Chinese airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 19-21.
    54. Nataraja, Niranjan R. & Johnson, Andrew L., 2011. "Guidelines for using variable selection techniques in data envelopment analysis," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 215(3), pages 662-669, December.
    55. Ennen, David & Batool, Irem, 2018. "Airport efficiency in Pakistan - A Data Envelopment Analysis with weight restrictions," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 205-212.
    56. Çavdar, Ahmet Birol & Ferhatosmanoğlu, Nilgün, 2018. "Airline customer lifetime value estimation using data analytics supported by social network information," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 19-33.
    57. Curi, Claudia & Gitto, Simone & Mancuso, Paolo, 2011. "New evidence on the efficiency of Italian airports: A bootstrapped DEA analysis," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 45(2), pages 84-93, June.
    58. Pestana Barros, Carlos & Dieke, Peter U.C., 2007. "Performance evaluation of Italian airports: A data envelopment analysis," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 184-191.
    59. Juan Martín & Concepción Román, 2006. "A Benchmarking Analysis of Spanish Commercial Airports. A Comparison Between SMOP and DEA Ranking Methods," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 6(2), pages 111-134, June.
    60. Barros, Carlos Pestana & Dieke, Peter U.C., 2008. "Measuring the economic efficiency of airports: A Simar-Wilson methodology analysis," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 44(6), pages 1039-1051, November.
    61. Gitto, Simone & Mancuso, Paolo, 2012. "Bootstrapping the Malmquist indexes for Italian airports," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(1), pages 403-411.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yafei Li & Meijun Teng, 2023. "Airport Group Operational Capacity Assessment and Analysis of Its Influencing Factors: Taking Typical Chinese Airport Group as an Example," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-19, January.
    2. Güner, Samet & Antunes, Jorge Junio Moreira & Seçkin Codal, Keziban & Wanke, Peter, 2024. "Network centrality driven airport efficiency: A weight-restricted network DEA," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    3. Güner, Samet & Seçkin Codal, Keziban, 2024. "Airport productivity and network centrality in the pandemic outbreak: Lessons from the Turkish airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    4. Cifuentes-Faura, Javier & Faura-Martínez, Ursula, 2023. "Measuring Spanish airport performance: A bootstrap data envelopment analysis of efficiency," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Güner, Samet & İbrahim Cebeci, Halil, 2021. "Multi-period efficiency analysis of major European and Asian airports under fixed proportion technologies," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 24-42.
    2. Wanke, Peter & Barros, C.P. & Nwaogbe, Obioma R., 2016. "Assessing productive efficiency in Nigerian airports using Fuzzy-DEA," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 9-19.
    3. Edgar Ferreira Damacena & Peter Fernandes Wanke & Henrique Luiz Correa, 2016. "Infrastructure expansion in Brazilian airports: slack analysis using a distance friction minimization approach," DECISION: Official Journal of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Springer;Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, vol. 43(2), pages 181-198, June.
    4. Cifuentes-Faura, Javier & Faura-Martínez, Ursula, 2023. "Measuring Spanish airport performance: A bootstrap data envelopment analysis of efficiency," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    5. Örkcü, H. Hasan & Balıkçı, Cemal & Dogan, Mustafa Isa & Genç, Aşır, 2016. "An evaluation of the operational efficiency of turkish airports using data envelopment analysis and the Malmquist productivity index: 2009–2014 case," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 92-104.
    6. Gutiérrez, Ester & Lozano, Sebastián, 2016. "Efficiency assessment and output maximization possibilities of European small and medium sized airports," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 3-14.
    7. Liu, Dan, 2016. "Measuring aeronautical service efficiency and commercial service efficiency of East Asia airport companies: An application of Network Data Envelopment Analysis," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 11-22.
    8. Huynh, Triet Minh & Kim, Gyuseung & Ha, Hun-Koo, 2020. "Comparative analysis of efficiency for major Southeast Asia airports: A two-stage approach," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    9. Kan Tsui, Wai Hong & Balli, Hatice Ozer & Gilbey, Andrew & Gow, Hamish, 2014. "Operational efficiency of Asia–Pacific airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 16-24.
    10. Uludağ, Ahmet Serhat, 2020. "Measuring the productivity of selected airports in Turkey," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    11. Güner, Samet & Cebeci, Halil İbrahim, 2021. "Output targeting and capacity utilization for a new-built airport: Analysis for the new airport in Istanbul," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    12. D’Alfonso, Tiziana & Daraio, Cinzia & Nastasi, Alberto, 2015. "Competition and efficiency in the Italian airport system: new insights from a conditional nonparametric frontier analysis," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 20-38.
    13. Voltes-Dorta, Augusto & Pagliari, Romano, 2012. "The impact of recession on airports' cost efficiency," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 211-222.
    14. Güner, Samet & Seçkin Codal, Keziban, 2022. "Endogenous and exogenous sources of efficiency in the management of Turkish airports," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    15. Myung Je Lee & Changhee Kim, 2018. "A network DEA aeronautical and non-aeronautical production model: an application to South Korea airports," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 7(1), pages 1-12, December.
    16. Mahmoudi, Reza & Emrouznejad, Ali & Shetab-Boushehri, Seyyed-Nader & Hejazi, Seyed Reza, 2020. "The origins, development and future directions of data envelopment analysis approach in transportation systems," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    17. Thomas, Nivea & Jha, Kumar Neeraj, 2022. "Structural efficiency assessment of regional airports: Lessons from India," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    18. Güner, Samet & Cebeci, Halil İbrahim & Antunes, Jorge Junio Moreira & Wanke, Peter F., 2021. "Sustainable efficiency drivers in Eurasian airports: Fuzzy NDEA approach based on Shannon's entropy," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    19. Abbott, Malcolm, 2015. "Reform and efficiency of New Zealand's airports," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 1-9.
    20. Ahn, Young-Hyo & Min, Hokey, 2014. "Evaluating the multi-period operating efficiency of international airports using data envelopment analysis and the Malmquist productivity index," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 12-22.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:127:y:2022:i:c:p:31-47. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/30473/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.