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Wavelet-based monetary and fiscal policy in the Euro area

Author

Listed:
  • Crowley, Patrick M.
  • Hudgins, David
Abstract
This paper first applies the MODWT (Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform) to Euro area quarterly GDP data from 1995 to 2014 to obtain the underlying cyclical structure of the GDP components. We then design optimal fiscal and monetary policy within a large state-space LQ-tracking wavelet decomposition model. Our study builds a MATLAB program that simulates optimal policy thrusts at each frequency range where: (1) both fiscal and monetary policy are emphasized, (2) only fiscal policy is relatively active, and (3) when only monetary policy is relatively active. The results show that the monetary authorities should utilize a strategy that influences the short-term market interest rate to undulate based on the cyclical wavelet decomposition in order to compute the optimal timing and levels for the aggregate interest rate adjustments. Given that central bank rates are adjusted in discrete steps, this implies that central bank monetary policy adjustments will be sub-optimal. We also find that modest emphasis on active interest rate movements can alleviate much of the volatility in optimal government spending, while rendering similarly favorable levels of aggregate consumption and investment. This research is the first to construct joint fiscal and monetary policies in an applied optimal control model based on the short and long cyclical lag structures obtained from wavelet analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Crowley, Patrick M. & Hudgins, David, 2017. "Wavelet-based monetary and fiscal policy in the Euro area," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 206-231.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jpolmo:v:39:y:2017:i:2:p:206-231
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2017.01.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Crowley, Patrick M. & Hughes Hallett, Andrew, 2015. "Great moderation or “Will o’ the Wisp”? A time–frequency decomposition of GDP for the US and UK," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 82-97.
    2. repec:zbw:bofrdp:2015_012 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Patrick M. Crowley, 2007. "A Guide To Wavelets For Economists," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(2), pages 207-267, April.
    4. Bindseil, Ulrich, 2004. "The operational target of monetary policy and the rise and fall of reserve position doctrine," Working Paper Series 372, European Central Bank.
    5. Svec, Justin, 2012. "Optimal fiscal policy with robust control," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 349-368.
    6. Kriwoluzky, Alexander, 2012. "Pre-announcement and timing: The effects of a government expenditure shock," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 56(3), pages 373-388.
    7. Leeper, Eric M. & Walker, Todd B. & Yang, Shu-Chun S., 2010. "Government investment and fiscal stimulus," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 57(8), pages 1000-1012, November.
    8. Martin Kliem & Alexander Kriwoluzky, 2014. "Toward a Taylor Rule for Fiscal Policy," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 17(2), pages 294-302, April.
    9. David Kendrick & George Shoukry, 2014. "Quarterly Fiscal Policy Experiments with a Multiplier-Accelerator Model," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 44(3), pages 269-293, October.
    10. David Hudgins & Joon Na, 2016. "Entering H $$^{\infty }$$ ∞ -Optimal Control Robustness into a Macroeconomic LQ-Tracking Model," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 47(2), pages 121-155, February.
    11. David Kendrick & Hans Amman, 2006. "A Classification System for Economic Stochastic Control Models," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 27(4), pages 453-481, June.
    12. repec:zbw:bofrdp:urn:nbn:fi:bof-201508131350 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Patrick M. Crowley & Andrew Hughes Hallett, 2014. "The Great Moderation Under the Microscope: Decomposition of Macroeconomic Cycles in US and UK Aggregate Demand," Dynamic Modeling and Econometrics in Economics and Finance, in: Marco Gallegati & Willi Semmler (ed.), Wavelet Applications in Economics and Finance, edition 127, pages 47-71, Springer.
    14. Marco Gallegati & Willi Semmler (ed.), 2014. "Wavelet Applications in Economics and Finance," Dynamic Modeling and Econometrics in Economics and Finance, Springer, edition 127, number 978-3-319-07061-2, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hudgins, David & Crowley, Patrick M., 2017. "Modelling a small open economy using a wavelet-based control model," Research Discussion Papers 32/2017, Bank of Finland.
    2. Hudgins, David & Crowley, Patrick M., 2017. "Modelling a small open economy using a wavelet-based control model," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 32/2017, Bank of Finland.
    3. repec:zbw:bofrdp:2017_032 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Hathroubi, Salem & Aloui, Chaker, 2022. "Oil price dynamics and fiscal policy cyclicality in Saudi Arabia: New evidence from partial and multiple wavelet coherences," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 149-160.
    5. repec:zbw:bofrdp:2019_011 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Crowley, Patrick M. & Hudgins, David, 2019. "U.S. Macroeconomic Policy Evaluation in an Open Economy Context using Wavelet Decomposed Optimal Control Methods," Research Discussion Papers 11/2019, Bank of Finland.
    7. João Martins, 2022. "Bond Yields Movement Similarities and Synchronization in the G7: A Time–Frequency Analysis," Journal of Business Cycle Research, Springer;Centre for International Research on Economic Tendency Surveys (CIRET), vol. 18(2), pages 189-214, July.
    8. Patrick M. Crowley & David Hudgins, 2022. "Monetary policy objectives and economic outcomes: What can we learn from a wavelet‐based optimal control approach?," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 90(2), pages 144-170, March.
    9. David Hudgins & Patrick M. Crowley, 2019. "Stress-Testing U.S. Macroeconomic Policy: A Computational Approach Using Stochastic and Robust Designs in a Wavelet-Based Optimal Control Framework," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 53(4), pages 1509-1546, April.
    10. David Hudgins & Patrick M. Crowley, 2023. "Resilient Control for Macroeconomic Models," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 61(4), pages 1403-1431, April.
    11. Rémi Odry & Roman Mestre, 2021. "Monetary Policy and Business Cycle Synchronization in Europe," Working Papers hal-04159759, HAL.
    12. Crowley, Patrick M. & Hudgins, David, 2019. "U.S. Macroeconomic Policy Evaluation in an Open Economy Context using Wavelet Decomposed Optimal Control Methods," Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 11/2019, Bank of Finland.
    13. Patrick M. Crowley & David Hudgins, 2018. "What is the right balance between US monetary and fiscal policy? Explorations using simulated wavelet-based optimal tracking control," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 55(4), pages 1537-1568, December.
    14. Crowley, Patrick M. & Hudgins, David, 2020. "How effective is the Taylor rule? Some insights from the time-frequency domain," BoF Economics Review 1/2020, Bank of Finland.
    15. Meng, Xiangcai & Huang, Chia-Hsing, 2021. "The time-frequency analysis of conventional and unconventional monetary policy: Evidence from Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    16. Dalia Mansour-Ibrahim, 2023. "Are the Eurozone Financial and Business Cycles Convergent Across Time and Frequency?," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 61(1), pages 389-427, January.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Discrete wavelet analysis; Fiscal policy; Monetary policy; Optimal control;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C49 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Other
    • C61 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis
    • C63 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computational Techniques
    • C88 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Other Computer Software
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination

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