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Kalibrierung von Vertragsnaturschutzprogrammen mittels eines zweistufigen Discrete-Choice-Experimentes

Author

Listed:
  • Breustedt, Gunnar
  • Schulz, Norbert
  • Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe
Abstract
Vermehrt werden Discrete-Choice-Experimente (DCE) verwendet, um die Präferenzen von Landwirten für verschiedene Eigenschaften von hypothetischen Naturschutzverträgen zu quantifizieren. Wir gehen einen Schritt weiter, indem Landwirte in einem DCE nicht nur zwischen unterschiedlich ausgestalteten Verträgen, sondern auch über den einzubringenden Flächenumfang entscheiden sollen. So kann bei der Optimierung der Vertragseigenschaften (Auflagen und Höhe der Ausgleichszahlung) auch der Effekt des Vertragsdesigns und der Betriebscharakteristika auf die Teilnahmefläche berücksichtigt werden. Die erste Stufe einer multinomialen Heckman-Schätzung liefert die Vertragswahlwahrscheinlichkeiten und die daraus resultierende Willingness to Accept (WTA) bestimmter Vertragstypen und -auflagen. Die Teilnahmeflächen der Landwirte und deren Determinanten werden in einer zweiten Stufe mittels OLS-Regression geschätzt. Letztere trägt der Selektionsverzerrung der ersten Schätzstufe explizit Rechnung. Mit Hilfe von Simulationen auf Basis der geschätzten Parameter werden für ein hypothetisches Naturschutzprogramm ex ante die optimalen Vertragseigenschaften in Abhängigkeit unterschiedlich hoher Programmbudgets bestimmt. Es wird deutlich, dass für unterschiedliche Budgethöhen jeweils andere Verträge optimal sein können, d.h. den jeweils höchsten Naturnutzen erbringen. Discrete choice experiments (DCE) have been increasingly applied to assess farmers’ preferences for * Uwe Latacz-Lohmann is also Adjunct Professor in Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of Western Australia. alternative designs of hypothetical agri-environmental schemes. We extend the DCE approach by asking farmers not only to choose among alternative conservation contracts but also to choose the land area they would put under contract. This extended approach allows us to formulate optimal contracts (in terms of management prescriptions and payment levels) taking explicitly account of the effect of contract design and farm characteristics on the participation area. We use a multinomial Heckman model. In its first stage, we estimate the probabilities of specific contract types being chosen and the corresponding marginal willingness to accept (WTA) figure. In the second stage, we identify the factors affecting the land area offered under contract by means of an OLS regression which takes account of the sample selection bias from firststage choices. Based upon the estimates from both stages, contracts for a hypothetical conservation scheme are optimized such that environmental benefit is maximized given alternative program budgets. The results show that the optimal design of conservation contracts is sensitive to the program budget.

Suggested Citation

  • Breustedt, Gunnar & Schulz, Norbert & Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe, 2013. "Kalibrierung von Vertragsnaturschutzprogrammen mittels eines zweistufigen Discrete-Choice-Experimentes," German Journal of Agricultural Economics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department for Agricultural Economics, vol. 62(04), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:gjagec:232345
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.232345
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    References listed on IDEAS

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