Notes that while relational-cultural theory (RCT) was initially developed to understand women's p... more Notes that while relational-cultural theory (RCT) was initially developed to understand women's psychological experience, it is increasingly being used to gain a better understanding of all human experience, including men's experience. Special attention is being paid to examining the importance of difference, particularly difference informed by imbalances of power and privilege. RCT is the foundation for a growing body of research on depression, trauma, eating disorders, substance abuse, chronic illness, mother-daughter relationships, and lesbian relationships, as well as issues of racism, sexism, heterosexism, classism and a multitude of other psychological and social problems. Topics discussed here include a relational paradigm of development, RCT therapy and practice, and a relational-cultural reframing of resilience.
... Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Jean Baker Miller, MD, Jean Baker Miller Training Insti... more ... Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Jean Baker Miller, MD, Jean Baker Miller Training Institute, Stone Center at Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, and Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts Wendy B. Rosen, PhD ...
The United States, as in other nations, is in the midst of a social-climate crisis inflamed by a ... more The United States, as in other nations, is in the midst of a social-climate crisis inflamed by a staggering economic gap between the rich and the poor, a polarized and paralyzed political system, a history of criminal injustice that has led to mass incarceration of marginalized populations, a proliferation of gun violence and rampage shootings, and much more. The contentious conditions shaping social relations in the United States are also evident in the atmosphere of heated interactions surging in the world.
This paper describes the development of a self-report scale to assess the internal experience of ... more This paper describes the development of a self-report scale to assess the internal experience of humiliation. After defining the construct, an item pool of 149 items was generated, utilizing a five-point Likert scale response format. A sample of 253 individuals ages 15 to 51 (M = 20.66) was used to conduct the item trial. The item pool was evaluated through item and factor analyses. Factor analysis identified two correlated factors accounting for 58% of scale variability. The 20 items loading on factor one were labeled the Fear of Humiliation Subscale and the 12 items loading on factor two were labeled the Cumulative Humiliation Subscale. The full scale of 32 items is called the Humiliation Inventory. Reliability analyses indicate that the subscales and the full scale have high internal consistency. Exploratory analyses of mean scores across six demographic groups indicate significant differences
The United States, as in other nations, is in the midst of a social-climate crisis inflamed by a ... more The United States, as in other nations, is in the midst of a social-climate crisis inflamed by a staggering economic gap between the rich and the poor, a polarized and paralyzed political system, a history of criminal injustice that has led to mass incarceration of marginalized populations, a proliferation of gun violence and rampage shootings, and much more. The contentious conditions shaping social relations in the United States are also evident in the atmosphere of heated interactions surging in the world.
SUMMARY. Building on Judith Jordan's earlier work on relational re-silience, this paper chal... more SUMMARY. Building on Judith Jordan's earlier work on relational re-silience, this paper challenges the commonly held view that resilience is a unique form of individual "toughness " endowed to a lucky few and suggests that resilience can be strengthened in all people through partici-pation in growth-fostering relationships. The author reviews the research describing individual, internal characteristics associated with resilience and explores the relational aspects of these characteristics. A case exam-ple illustrates that efforts promoting relational development help people grow through and beyond experiences of hardship and adversity. In ad-dition, the author proposes specific ways resilience can be strengthened through engagement in relationships that enhance one's intellectual devel-opment, sense of worth, sense of competence, sense of empowerment, and, most importantly, sense of connection.
Linda Hartling, Ph.D., Associate Director Jean Baker Miller Training Institute Wellesley Centers ... more Linda Hartling, Ph.D., Associate Director Jean Baker Miller Training Institute Wellesley Centers for Women at Wellesley College 106 Central Street Wellesley, MA 02481 lhartling@wellesley.edu An educational leader once said, “The number one cause of stress is lack of appreciation.” This observation was based on this leader’s 30-year career working with students, teachers, parents, administrators, counselors, and support staff in diverse communities. What is it about “lack of appreciation,” especially the lack of appreciation of difference, that would lead this community leader to make such a dramatic claim? What is it about lack of appreciation that disrupts wellintended multicultural conversations? This paper proposes that chronic lack of appreciation is an insidious, invisible, yet highly potent way of inflicting humiliation. Grounded in Relational-Cultural Theory (RCT)—which emphasizes the primacy of healthy human connections throughout people’s lives—I will discuss how a chronic ...
This paper conceptualizes substance abuse as a disease of disconnection, which progressively sepa... more This paper conceptualizes substance abuse as a disease of disconnection, which progressively separates and isolates people from relationships that can help them reduce their risk, promote their recovery, and ensure their health and well-being. Examining women’s substance abuse in particular, the author explores how women often use drugs or alcohol in two ways: 1) to facilitate and establish connections with others, such as intimate partners, peers, and social groups and/or 2) to cope with serious relational disruptions, violations, or trauma. In response, the author proposes a relational approach to prevention that emphasizes collaboration and the development of growthfostering interpersonal, professional, and community relationships—prevention through connection. Using an example from a college setting, this paper describes how everyone can participate in a relational approach to prevention, opening the way to new possibilities and opportunities to reduce high-risk substance use an...
Human rights are universally based on the concept of human dignity. Various 5 international organ... more Human rights are universally based on the concept of human dignity. Various 5 international organizations are developing the theoretical, legal, and political framework for 6 human rights. The underlying concept of human dignity is less disputed, but also receives 7 less attention. This shortcoming is addressed by a worldwide group of scholars and 8 practitioners dedicated to examining and understanding the many aspects of human dignity, 9 as well as its violation - humiliation. This article describes the efforts of the Human Dignity 10 and Humiliation Studies (HumanDHS) network. The network is a global transdisciplinary 11 fellowship of individuals dedicated to advancing research, education, and interventions to 12 end humiliating practices and promote human dignity around the world. The HumanDHS 13 community strives to stimulate systemic change, globally and locally, opening space for 14 mutual respect and esteem to take root and grow, thus ending humiliating practices and 15 brea...
... Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Jean Baker Miller, MD, Jean Baker Miller Training Insti... more ... Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Jean Baker Miller, MD, Jean Baker Miller Training Institute, Stone Center at Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, and Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts Wendy B. Rosen, PhD ...
In the midst of global crises, feelings of humiliation are intensified (Lindner, 2008; Moisi, 200... more In the midst of global crises, feelings of humiliation are intensified (Lindner, 2008; Moisi, 2009). Counselors are often on the front lines of suffering during turbulent times. This article explores how the dynamics of humiliation are coming to the forefront of concern around the globe. Applying a relational framework, the authors examine the impact of humiliation, offering a case example that illustrates how counselors can lead their clients out of destructive reactions into creative action.
Notes that while relational-cultural theory (RCT) was initially developed to understand women's p... more Notes that while relational-cultural theory (RCT) was initially developed to understand women's psychological experience, it is increasingly being used to gain a better understanding of all human experience, including men's experience. Special attention is being paid to examining the importance of difference, particularly difference informed by imbalances of power and privilege. RCT is the foundation for a growing body of research on depression, trauma, eating disorders, substance abuse, chronic illness, mother-daughter relationships, and lesbian relationships, as well as issues of racism, sexism, heterosexism, classism and a multitude of other psychological and social problems. Topics discussed here include a relational paradigm of development, RCT therapy and practice, and a relational-cultural reframing of resilience.
... Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Jean Baker Miller, MD, Jean Baker Miller Training Insti... more ... Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Jean Baker Miller, MD, Jean Baker Miller Training Institute, Stone Center at Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, and Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts Wendy B. Rosen, PhD ...
The United States, as in other nations, is in the midst of a social-climate crisis inflamed by a ... more The United States, as in other nations, is in the midst of a social-climate crisis inflamed by a staggering economic gap between the rich and the poor, a polarized and paralyzed political system, a history of criminal injustice that has led to mass incarceration of marginalized populations, a proliferation of gun violence and rampage shootings, and much more. The contentious conditions shaping social relations in the United States are also evident in the atmosphere of heated interactions surging in the world.
This paper describes the development of a self-report scale to assess the internal experience of ... more This paper describes the development of a self-report scale to assess the internal experience of humiliation. After defining the construct, an item pool of 149 items was generated, utilizing a five-point Likert scale response format. A sample of 253 individuals ages 15 to 51 (M = 20.66) was used to conduct the item trial. The item pool was evaluated through item and factor analyses. Factor analysis identified two correlated factors accounting for 58% of scale variability. The 20 items loading on factor one were labeled the Fear of Humiliation Subscale and the 12 items loading on factor two were labeled the Cumulative Humiliation Subscale. The full scale of 32 items is called the Humiliation Inventory. Reliability analyses indicate that the subscales and the full scale have high internal consistency. Exploratory analyses of mean scores across six demographic groups indicate significant differences
The United States, as in other nations, is in the midst of a social-climate crisis inflamed by a ... more The United States, as in other nations, is in the midst of a social-climate crisis inflamed by a staggering economic gap between the rich and the poor, a polarized and paralyzed political system, a history of criminal injustice that has led to mass incarceration of marginalized populations, a proliferation of gun violence and rampage shootings, and much more. The contentious conditions shaping social relations in the United States are also evident in the atmosphere of heated interactions surging in the world.
SUMMARY. Building on Judith Jordan's earlier work on relational re-silience, this paper chal... more SUMMARY. Building on Judith Jordan's earlier work on relational re-silience, this paper challenges the commonly held view that resilience is a unique form of individual "toughness " endowed to a lucky few and suggests that resilience can be strengthened in all people through partici-pation in growth-fostering relationships. The author reviews the research describing individual, internal characteristics associated with resilience and explores the relational aspects of these characteristics. A case exam-ple illustrates that efforts promoting relational development help people grow through and beyond experiences of hardship and adversity. In ad-dition, the author proposes specific ways resilience can be strengthened through engagement in relationships that enhance one's intellectual devel-opment, sense of worth, sense of competence, sense of empowerment, and, most importantly, sense of connection.
Linda Hartling, Ph.D., Associate Director Jean Baker Miller Training Institute Wellesley Centers ... more Linda Hartling, Ph.D., Associate Director Jean Baker Miller Training Institute Wellesley Centers for Women at Wellesley College 106 Central Street Wellesley, MA 02481 lhartling@wellesley.edu An educational leader once said, “The number one cause of stress is lack of appreciation.” This observation was based on this leader’s 30-year career working with students, teachers, parents, administrators, counselors, and support staff in diverse communities. What is it about “lack of appreciation,” especially the lack of appreciation of difference, that would lead this community leader to make such a dramatic claim? What is it about lack of appreciation that disrupts wellintended multicultural conversations? This paper proposes that chronic lack of appreciation is an insidious, invisible, yet highly potent way of inflicting humiliation. Grounded in Relational-Cultural Theory (RCT)—which emphasizes the primacy of healthy human connections throughout people’s lives—I will discuss how a chronic ...
This paper conceptualizes substance abuse as a disease of disconnection, which progressively sepa... more This paper conceptualizes substance abuse as a disease of disconnection, which progressively separates and isolates people from relationships that can help them reduce their risk, promote their recovery, and ensure their health and well-being. Examining women’s substance abuse in particular, the author explores how women often use drugs or alcohol in two ways: 1) to facilitate and establish connections with others, such as intimate partners, peers, and social groups and/or 2) to cope with serious relational disruptions, violations, or trauma. In response, the author proposes a relational approach to prevention that emphasizes collaboration and the development of growthfostering interpersonal, professional, and community relationships—prevention through connection. Using an example from a college setting, this paper describes how everyone can participate in a relational approach to prevention, opening the way to new possibilities and opportunities to reduce high-risk substance use an...
Human rights are universally based on the concept of human dignity. Various 5 international organ... more Human rights are universally based on the concept of human dignity. Various 5 international organizations are developing the theoretical, legal, and political framework for 6 human rights. The underlying concept of human dignity is less disputed, but also receives 7 less attention. This shortcoming is addressed by a worldwide group of scholars and 8 practitioners dedicated to examining and understanding the many aspects of human dignity, 9 as well as its violation - humiliation. This article describes the efforts of the Human Dignity 10 and Humiliation Studies (HumanDHS) network. The network is a global transdisciplinary 11 fellowship of individuals dedicated to advancing research, education, and interventions to 12 end humiliating practices and promote human dignity around the world. The HumanDHS 13 community strives to stimulate systemic change, globally and locally, opening space for 14 mutual respect and esteem to take root and grow, thus ending humiliating practices and 15 brea...
... Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Jean Baker Miller, MD, Jean Baker Miller Training Insti... more ... Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Jean Baker Miller, MD, Jean Baker Miller Training Institute, Stone Center at Wellesley College, Wellesley, Massachusetts, and Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts Wendy B. Rosen, PhD ...
In the midst of global crises, feelings of humiliation are intensified (Lindner, 2008; Moisi, 200... more In the midst of global crises, feelings of humiliation are intensified (Lindner, 2008; Moisi, 2009). Counselors are often on the front lines of suffering during turbulent times. This article explores how the dynamics of humiliation are coming to the forefront of concern around the globe. Applying a relational framework, the authors examine the impact of humiliation, offering a case example that illustrates how counselors can lead their clients out of destructive reactions into creative action.
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