The nanopub-py library provides a high-level, user-friendly Python interface for searching, publishing and retracting nanopublications.

Nanopublications are a formalized and machine-readable way of communicating the smallest possible units of publishable information. See the documentation for more information.

Checkout the user documentation 📖

Install using pip:

pip install nanopub

To publish to the nanopublication network you need to setup your profile. This allows the nanopublication services to identify you. Run the following command in the terminal:

np setup

This will ask you a few questions, then it will use that information to add and store RSA keys to sign your nanopublications with, (optionally) publish a nanopublication with your name and ORCID iD to declare that you are using these RSA keys, and store your ORCID iD to automatically add as author to the provenance of any nanopublication you will publish using this library.

from rdflib import Graph
from nanopub import Nanopub, NanopubConf, load_profile

# 1. Create the config
np_conf = NanopubConf(
    use_test_server=True,
    profile=load_profile(),  # Loads the user profile that was created with `np setup`
    add_prov_generated_time=True,
    attribute_publication_to_profile=True,
)

# 2. Construct a desired assertion (a graph of RDF triples) using rdflib
my_assertion = Graph()
my_assertion.add((
    rdflib.URIRef('www.example.org/timbernerslee'),
    rdflib.RDF.type,
    rdflib.FOAF.Person
))

# 2. Make a Nanopub object with this assertion
np = Nanopub(
    conf=np_conf,
    assertion=my_assertion
)

# 3. Publish the Nanopub object
np.publish()
print(np)

from nanopub import NanopubClient

# Search for all nanopublications containing the text 'fair'
client = NanopubClient()
results = client.find_nanopubs_with_text('fair')
print(results)

# Fetch the nanopublication at the specified URI
publication = client.fetch('http://purl.org/np/RApJG4fwj0szOMBMiYGmYvd5MCtRle6VbwkMJUb1SxxDM')

# Print the RDF contents of the nanopublication
print(publication)

# Iterate through all triples in the assertion graph
for s, p, o in publication.assertion:
    print(s, p, o)

See the development page on the documentation website.

To run tests:

Install dependencies (if not already installed):

poetry install

Run tests:

poetry run pytest

Run the tests with coverage tracking:

poetry run pytest --cov

View a terminal summary:

poetry run coverage report

Or generate a detailed HTML report

poetry run coverage html

nanopub-py is free software under the Apache License. See LICENSE.

• Copyright (C) 2020 Robin Richardson, Sven van der Burg
• Copyright (C) 2020-2025 the nanopub-py contributors (https://github.com/Nanopublication/nanopub-py/graphs/contributors)
• Copyright (C) 2025 Knowledge Pixels
• Copyright (c) 2025 acatech - Deutsche Akademie der Technikwissenschaften e.V.