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Comparatives Ad Superlatives Unit PDF

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Los adjetivos en inglés (al igual que en español) tienen 3 formas:

• Grado Positivo (Positive)


• Grado Comparativo (Comparative)
• Grado Superlativo (Superlative)

Grado positivo (positive)


El grado positivo es el adjetivo sin ninguna modificación, por ejemplo:

big (grande).

Con la forma positiva del adjetivo se forma:

• Comparativo de Igualdad
• Comparativo de Inferioridad

Comparativo de igualdad "as ... as"

Se forman las oraciones de igualdad con la construcción:

as + ADJETIVO EN GRADO POSITIVO + as


tan + ..................................... + como

She is as clever as a fox


Ella es tan astuta como un zorro

Comparativo de inferioridad

El comparativo de inferioridad se construye:

not as + ADJETIVO EN GRADO POSITIVO + as

The teacher is not as intelligent as you think


El profesor no es tan inteligente como tú te crees
Grado comparativo (comparative)
La forma comparativa del adjetivo se utiliza para construir el comparativo de
superioridad.

Hay 3 formas diferentes de construir el grado comparativo en inglés dependiendo del


adjetivo:

• Añadiendo "-er" al adjetivo


• Anteponiendo la partícula "more" al adjetivo
• Con una forma irregular

Forma adjetivo + "-er"

Consiste en añadir al adjetivo el sufijo "-er":

grado positivo grado comparativo


old older
(viejo) (más viejo)

Se aplica a:

• Adjetivos monosílabos
• Adjetivos con 2 sílabas acabados en "-er", "-le", "-ow", "-y"

Es importante tener en cuenta estos puntos:

- Duplica la consonante

Dentro del grupo de adjetivos que forman el comparativo añadiendo "-er" hay algunos
que doblan la consonante final.

La regla es: se dobla la consonante final si adjetivo tiene,

• una sílaba
• acaba en una única consonante
• y esta es precedida de una única vocal

big (grande) ➜
bigger(más grande)

hot (caliente) ➜
hotter (más caliente)

- Adjetivos acabados en consonante + "y"

Si un adjetivo acaba en "y" precedido de consonante su comparativo se forma con la


regla: y ➜ ier
funny (divertido) ➜
funnier (más divertido)

Si el adjetivo no es precedido de consonante, su comparativo de forma de manera


regular:

grey (gris) ➜
greyer (más gris)

- Adjetivos acabados en "-e"

Si un adjetivo acaba en "-e" únicamente se añade una "-r"

nice (agradable) ➜
nicer (más agradable)

Forma: more + adjetivo

Consiste en anteponer la partícula more antes del adjetivo.

grado positivo grado comparativo


nervous more nervous
(nervioso) (más nervioso)

Se aplica:

• a los adjetivos con más de 2 sílabas


• a los adjetivos con 2 sílabas no acabados en "-er", "-le", "-ow", "-y"

Comparativo de superioridad

La estructura del comparativo de superioridad es:

ADJETIVO EN GRADO COMPARATIVO + than

She is poorer than I (am)


Ella es más pobre que yo

Grado superlativo (superlative)


La grado superlativo del adjetivo se utiliza para construir el superlativo:

Hay 3 formas diferentes de construir el grado superlativo en inglés dependiendo del


adjetivo:

• Añadiendo "-est" al adjetivo


big (grande) ➜
biggest (el más grande)

• Anteponiendo "most" al adjetivo

nervous nervous (nervioso) ➜


most nervous (el más nervioso)

• Con una forma irregular

bad (malo) ➜
worst(el peor)

Las reglas de aplicación de una u otra forma del superlativo, del doblado de
consonantes, etc. coinciden con las del comparativo.

Superlativo

Se forma con la arquitectura:

the + ADJETIVO EN GRADO SUPERLATIVO

The Great Pyramid of Giza is the largest in Egypt


La gran pirámide de Giza es la mayor de Egipto (en español se le llamada habitualmente
de Keops)

Adjetivos con comparativos y superlativos irregulares


Los adjetivos siguiente forman el comparativo y el superlativo de manera irregular:

Adjetivo Comparativo Superlativo Significado


bad worse the worst mal, peor, lo peor
farther the farthest lejos, más lejos,
far
further the furthest lo más lejano
good better the best bien, mejor, lo mejor
little less the least poco, menos, lo menos
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjectives in brackets:

1. Brad is by far _________________________ (attractive) boy in town.


2. My friends arrived _______________________ (early) we expected.
3. My dad is _________________________(hard-working) person that I know.
4. Who is ______________________ (rich) man in the world?
5.Travelling by plane is ___________________ (fast) and __________________(safe) travelling
by train.
6. Jennifer Aniston is ________________________ (good-looking) Angelina Jolie.
7. His mother is much _______________________ (old) I thought.
8. Ben is ______________________ (bad) golfer in the world.
9. Tom is _____________________ (short) and __________________(fat) his brother.
10. His new novel is __________________________ (exciting) his previous one.
11. London is _________________ (far) Paris, but Moscow is _______________ (far)
12. Do you think that money is ___________________________ (important) love?
13. In my opinion, John is one of ____________________ (lucky) men in the world.
14. These Maths exercises are ________________________ (difficult) yours.
15. ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is ___________________ (romantic) play we have ever read.
16. Your sister is ______________________ (young) in your family.
17. I am ___________________ (bad) at Geography than my sister, but I am _______________
(good) at History.
18. He thinks that Italian food is ______________________(delicious) Spanish food.
19. Helen’s clothes are ___________________________ (fashionable) Susan’s.
20. Sam’s grandmother is ______________________(helpful) person I’ve ever met.
21. August has been ______________________ (hot) month this year.
22. Which is ____________________(high) mountain in the world?
23. The American boxer is much ____________________(strong) Russian one.
24. George Clooney is _______________________(handsome) man in the world.
25. Who is ____________________(thin), Mary or Alice?
26. Alan had a very bad accident. He should drive _________________(carefully).
27. My granny thinks that things are ______________________(complicated) these days.
28. They want to move to a _________________ (big) house, now that they have children.
29. Vegetables and fruit are _______________________(healthy) sweets.
30. Jamie is ________________________(talkative) boy in the class.
31. Do you know if the whale is ___________________(heavy) animal in the world?
32. Ann thinks that Paul is ___________________ (lazy) of her children.
33. Skydiving is _________________________ (dangerous) jogging.
34. Messi is one of __________________________(famous) football players.
35. Ms Green is ______________________(nice) teacher at school.
Comparatives and Superlatives
A-Complete the sentences with the adjectives in their correct form.
1. You look much.........................(good) than yesterday
2. The ..............................(bad) thing you can do near a fierce dog is to be afraid.
3. She's the ....................(careful) girl in the class. She has never broken
anything.
4. Indian cooking has some of the ...................................(hot) dishes in the world.
5. Who is...................................................... (beautiful) , Madonna or Sophia Loren ?
6. He is the..............................(extravagant) teacher I know. He wears his hat
even in class.
7. Living in Paris is ................................................(expensive) than living in Valencia.
8. Anne is the................(clever) person I know. She learns everything
immediately.
9. The teacher thinks we have to be ...........................(tidy) than last year. We
can't go on like this.
10. I feel ..................................(bad) than yesterday. I need a rest.

B-Complete with comparative or superlative.


1. A car is............................................than (expensive) a bicycle.
2. Tokyo is............................................ (large) city in the world.
3. An elephant is ............................................ than (heavy)a horse.
4. Spain is ............................................ than (big) England.
5. My car is............................................ than (bad)your car.
6. Helen was ............................................ (beautiful) woman in Greece.
7.An aeroplane is ............................................ (fast) than a plane.
8. This exam is ............................................ (difficult) of all
9. Old people are ............................................than (intelligent) young people.
10. Winter is ........................................... than (cold) autumn.
11. The..............................(hot) dessert of all is the Shara and it's in Africa.
12. Germany is ...........................................(far) from home than France.
13. My health is...........................................(good) now than 5 years ago.
14. I've got ..........................(little) money than you but I don't mind.
15. Chinese is ...........................................(difficult) language in the world.
16. Valencia played ....................................(bad) yesterday than last week.
17. Cats are not ........................................... (intelligent) as dogs.
18. I think you must tell me .................. (good) way to do it, or it will take me
ages to finish.
19. My sister Anne had a .......................... (tidy) room than me, but was always
having arguments with everybody.
20. Who is..................................................... (talkative) person in class?`

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