Smartphone usage has evolved in people’s lives from necessity to habit and in some cases leading to compulsive use and addiction. However, only a little research has been performed on the prevention of Problematic Smartphone Usage (PSU). Behavioral economics has been applied to investigate how smartphone users respond to nudges that try to lower their smartphone usage. Findings revealed that the Total Screen On Time (SOT) decreased when nudging smartphone users with information on their usage behaviors. Intermittent glancing, as well as the median session time increased, and the reduction in SOT was no longer statistically significant in the observation period after the nudges were no longer applied, suggesting relapse in smartphone usage behavior.

Despite decision science have increased our understanding of human decision-making in different contexts, voters’ decision has been studied less from this point of view. Therefore, we investigated, how electorate- and candidate-related factors affect electorate’s (N=1334) valuation to the Prime Minister candidates (N=11) on the multiparty democracy. Electorates valuated candidates individually and through pairwise candidate comparison. We collected the data by using anonymous questionnaire and sent it via mass emailing and social media. We applied linear mixed-effects and Bayesian network models to analyze the data. Electorate-related variable Valence and candidate-related variables Trustworthiness and Righteousness was found as the strongest main effects. The pairwise analysis comparison highlighted voters’ personal characteristic. In particular, the interactions associated to valence, arousal and gender had high effect only in pairwise comparisons. Our results suggest that the pairwise comparisons - which is typical for elections, e.g., in USA - highlights the importance of emotional and gender-related factors.