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Wiktionary

ahkera

Finnish

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Etymology

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Uncertain. Traditionally connected with dialectal ahku (“eagerness, zeal”),[1] but this word is likewise of unknown origin. According to Häkkinen (2004), which follows Nikkilä (1998), perhaps a borrowing from dialectal Swedish ager (“hard-working”),[2][3] but this sense for the word, supposedly found only in dialects within Finland, does not seem to have a particularly wide distribution nor even be the primary meaning in the regions where it is found.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɑhkerɑ/, [ˈɑ̝xk̟e̞rɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -ɑhkerɑ
  • Syllabification(key): ah‧ke‧ra

Adjective

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ahkera (comparative ahkerampi, superlative ahkerin)

  1. industrious, hardworking
    Synonyms: työteliäs, uuras, uuttera

Declension

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Inflection of ahkera (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative ahkera ahkerat
genitive ahkeran ahkerien
partitive ahkeraa ahkeria
illative ahkeraan ahkeriin
singular plural
nominative ahkera ahkerat
accusative nom. ahkera ahkerat
gen. ahkeran
genitive ahkeran ahkerien
ahkerain rare
partitive ahkeraa ahkeria
inessive ahkerassa ahkerissa
elative ahkerasta ahkerista
illative ahkeraan ahkeriin
adessive ahkeralla ahkerilla
ablative ahkeralta ahkerilta
allative ahkeralle ahkerille
essive ahkerana ahkerina
translative ahkeraksi ahkeriksi
abessive ahkeratta ahkeritta
instructive — ahkerin
comitative — ahkerine
Possessive forms of ahkera (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative ahkerani ahkerani
accusative nom. ahkerani ahkerani
gen. ahkerani
genitive ahkerani ahkerieni
ahkeraini rare
partitive ahkeraani ahkeriani
inessive ahkerassani ahkerissani
elative ahkerastani ahkeristani
illative ahkeraani ahkeriini
adessive ahkerallani ahkerillani
ablative ahkeraltani ahkeriltani
allative ahkeralleni ahkerilleni
essive ahkeranani ahkerinani
translative ahkerakseni ahkerikseni
abessive ahkerattani ahkerittani
instructive — —
comitative — ahkerineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative ahkerasi ahkerasi
accusative nom. ahkerasi ahkerasi
gen. ahkerasi
genitive ahkerasi ahkeriesi
ahkeraisi rare
partitive ahkeraasi ahkeriasi
inessive ahkerassasi ahkerissasi
elative ahkerastasi ahkeristasi
illative ahkeraasi ahkeriisi
adessive ahkerallasi ahkerillasi
ablative ahkeraltasi ahkeriltasi
allative ahkerallesi ahkerillesi
essive ahkeranasi ahkerinasi
translative ahkeraksesi ahkeriksesi
abessive ahkerattasi ahkerittasi
instructive — —
comitative — ahkerinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative ahkeramme ahkeramme
accusative nom. ahkeramme ahkeramme
gen. ahkeramme
genitive ahkeramme ahkeriemme
ahkeraimme rare
partitive ahkeraamme ahkeriamme
inessive ahkerassamme ahkerissamme
elative ahkerastamme ahkeristamme
illative ahkeraamme ahkeriimme
adessive ahkerallamme ahkerillamme
ablative ahkeraltamme ahkeriltamme
allative ahkerallemme ahkerillemme
essive ahkeranamme ahkerinamme
translative ahkeraksemme ahkeriksemme
abessive ahkerattamme ahkerittamme
instructive — —
comitative — ahkerinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative ahkeranne ahkeranne
accusative nom. ahkeranne ahkeranne
gen. ahkeranne
genitive ahkeranne ahkerienne
ahkerainne rare
partitive ahkeraanne ahkerianne
inessive ahkerassanne ahkerissanne
elative ahkerastanne ahkeristanne
illative ahkeraanne ahkeriinne
adessive ahkerallanne ahkerillanne
ablative ahkeraltanne ahkeriltanne
allative ahkerallenne ahkerillenne
essive ahkerananne ahkerinanne
translative ahkeraksenne ahkeriksenne
abessive ahkerattanne ahkerittanne
instructive — —
comitative — ahkerinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative ahkeransa ahkeransa
accusative nom. ahkeransa ahkeransa
gen. ahkeransa
genitive ahkeransa ahkeriensa
ahkerainsa rare
partitive ahkeraansa ahkeriaan
ahkeriansa
inessive ahkerassaan
ahkerassansa 		ahkerissaan
ahkerissansa
elative ahkerastaan
ahkerastansa 		ahkeristaan
ahkeristansa
illative ahkeraansa ahkeriinsa
adessive ahkerallaan
ahkerallansa 		ahkerillaan
ahkerillansa
ablative ahkeraltaan
ahkeraltansa 		ahkeriltaan
ahkeriltansa
allative ahkeralleen
ahkerallensa 		ahkerilleen
ahkerillensa
essive ahkeranaan
ahkeranansa 		ahkerinaan
ahkerinansa
translative ahkerakseen
ahkeraksensa 		ahkerikseen
ahkeriksensa
abessive ahkerattaan
ahkerattansa 		ahkerittaan
ahkerittansa
instructive — —
comitative — ahkerineen
ahkerinensa

Derived terms

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compounds
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References

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  1. ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä‎[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
  2. ^ Osmo Nikkilä (1998) “Suomen hk germaanista g:tä vastaamassa”, in Johanna Laakso, Riho Grünthal, editor, Oekeeta asijoo. Commentationes Fenno-Ugricae in honorem Seppo Suhonen sexagenarii 16. V. 1998 (Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia; 228), Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN, pages 350–359
  3. ^ Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Ingrian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic [Term?]. Cognates include Finnish ahkera.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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ahkera (comparative ahkeramp)

  1. hardworking

Declension

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Declension of ahkera (type 3/kana, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative ahkera ahkerat
genitive ahkeran ahkeroin
partitive ahkeraa ahkeroja
illative ahkeraa ahkeroihe
inessive ahkeraas ahkerois
elative ahkerast ahkeroist
allative ahkeralle ahkeroille
adessive ahkeraal ahkeroil
ablative ahkeralt ahkeroilt
translative ahkeraks ahkeroiks
essive ahkeranna, ahkeraan ahkeroinna, ahkeroin
exessive1) ahkerant ahkeroint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 3
  • Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 16
  • Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎[3], →ISBN, page 70

Karelian

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Regional variants of ahkera
North Karelian
(Viena) 		ahkera
South Karelian
(Tver) 		ahkera

Etymology

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Cognates include Finnish ahkera and Ingrian ahkera.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɑhkerɑ/
  • Hyphenation: ah‧ke‧ra

Adjective

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ahkera (genitive ahkeran, partitive ahkerua, comparative ahkerampi／ahkerambi, superlative ahkerin)

  1. industrious, hardworking

Declension

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Viena Karelian declension of ahkera (type 4/kala, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative ahkera ahkerat
genitive ahkeran ahkerojen
partitive ahkerua ahkeroja
illative ahkerah ahkeroih
inessive ahkerašša ahkeroissa
elative ahkerašta ahkeroista
adessive ahkeralla ahkeroilla
ablative ahkeralta ahkeroilta
translative ahkerakši ahkeroiksi
essive ahkerana ahkeroina
comitative — ahkeroineh
abessive ahkeratta ahkeroitta
Tver Karelian declension of ahkera (type 4/kala no gradation)
singular plural
nominative ahkera ahkerat
genitive ahkeran ahkeroin
partitive ahkerua ahkeroida
illative ahkerah ahkeroih
inessive ahkerašša ahkeroissa
elative ahkerašta ahkeroista
adessive ahkeralla ahkeroilla
ablative ahkeralda ahkeroilda
translative ahkerakši ahkeroiksi
essive ahkerana ahkeroina
comitative ahkeranke ahkeroinke
abessive ahkeratta ahkeroitta
Possessive forms of ahkera
1st person ahkerani
2nd person ahkeraš
3rd person ahkerah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References

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  • P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “ahkera”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN
  • Pertti Virtaranta, Raija Koponen (2009) “ahkera”, in Marja Torikka, editor, Karjalan kielen sanakirja‎[4], Helsinki: Kotus, →ISSN
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