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Wiktionary

caoch

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish cáech (“blind in one eye; a person blind in one eye”), from Proto-Celtic *kaikos (compare Welsh coeg (“empty, vain, one-eyed, blind”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ikos (“one-eyed”) (compare Latin caecus (“blind”)).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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caoch m (genitive singular caoich, nominative plural caocha)

  1. blind, purblind person, creature

Declension

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Declension of caoch

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative caoch caocha
Vocative a chaoich a chaocha
Genitive caoich caoch
Dative caoch caocha

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an caoch na caocha
Genitive an chaoich na gcaoch
Dative leis an gcaoch

don chaoch

leis na caocha

Derived terms

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Adjective

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caoch (genitive singular masculine caoich, genitive singular feminine caoiche, plural caocha, comparative caoiche)

  1. blind, purblind (of creature)
  2. blind, empty; (of place) blind, closed up (of seed-vessel)
  3. (card games) nontrump

Declension

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Declension of caoch
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative caoch chaoch caocha;
chaocha²
Vocative chaoch caocha
Genitive caoiche caocha caoch
Dative caoch;
chaoch¹ 		chaoch caocha;
chaocha²
Comparative níos caoiche
Superlative is caoiche

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

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Verb

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caoch (present analytic caochann, future analytic caochfaidh, verbal noun caochadh, past participle caochta)

  1. (transitive) blind; daze, dazzle
  2. (intransitive, of seed-vessel) become empty, wither
  3. (intransitive) close, become blocked
  4. (intransitive) wink [with ar ‘at’]; flicker

Conjugation

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conjugation of caoch (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present caochaim caochann tú;
caochair† 		caochann sé, sí caochaimid caochann sibh caochann siad;
caochaid† 		a chaochann; a chaochas /
a gcaochann* 		caochtar
past chaoch mé; chaochas chaoch tú; chaochais chaoch sé, sí chaochamar; chaoch muid chaoch sibh; chaochabhair chaoch siad; chaochadar a chaoch /
ar chaoch* 		caochadh
past habitual chaochainn / gcaochainn‡‡ chaochtá / gcaochtᇇ chaochadh sé, sí / gcaochadh sé, s퇇 chaochaimis; chaochadh muid / gcaochaimis‡‡; gcaochadh muid‡‡ chaochadh sibh / gcaochadh sibh‡‡ chaochaidís; chaochadh siad / gcaochaidís‡‡; gcaochadh siad‡‡ a chaochadh /
a gcaochadh* 		chaochtaí / gcaochta퇇
future caochfaidh mé;
caochfad 		caochfaidh tú;
caochfair† 		caochfaidh sé, sí caochfaimid;
caochfaidh muid 		caochfaidh sibh caochfaidh siad;
caochfaid† 		a chaochfaidh; a chaochfas /
a gcaochfaidh* 		caochfar
conditional chaochfainn / gcaochfainn‡‡ chaochfá / gcaochfᇇ chaochfadh sé, sí / gcaochfadh sé, s퇇 chaochfaimis; chaochfadh muid / gcaochfaimis‡‡; gcaochfadh muid‡‡ chaochfadh sibh / gcaochfadh sibh‡‡ chaochfaidís; chaochfadh siad / gcaochfaidís‡‡; gcaochfadh siad‡‡ a chaochfadh /
a gcaochfadh* 		chaochfaí / gcaochfa퇇
subjunctive present go gcaocha mé;
go gcaochad† 		go gcaocha tú;
go gcaochair† 		go gcaocha sé, sí go gcaochaimid;
go gcaocha muid 		go gcaocha sibh go gcaocha siad;
go gcaochaid† 		— go gcaochtar
past dá gcaochainn dá gcaochtá dá gcaochadh sé, sí dá gcaochaimis;
dá gcaochadh muid 		dá gcaochadh sibh dá gcaochaidís;
dá gcaochadh siad 		— dá gcaochtaí
imperative caochaim caoch caochadh sé, sí caochaimis caochaigí;
caochaidh† 		caochaidís — caochtar
verbal noun caochadh
past participle caochta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
caoch chaoch gcaoch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 101, page 56

Further reading

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Scottish Gaelic

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Irish cáech (“blind in one eye; a person blind in one eye”), from Proto-Celtic *kaikos, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ikos (“one-eyed”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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caoch (genitive singular feminine caoiche)

  1. empty
  2. blind
  3. hollow
  4. blasted
  5. one-eyed

Noun

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caoch m

  1. grampus
  2. mole
  3. blind beast

Mutation

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Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
caoch chaoch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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