出

Stroke order

Stroke order

出 (Kangxi radical 17, 凵+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 山山 (UU), four-corner 2277₂, composition ⿱屮凵 or ⿻凵山)

• 㑁, 咄, 𡛛, 㤕, 拙, 泏, 昢, 朏, 胐, 柮, 炪, 䂐, 础, 𮄬, 𮇑, 絀(绌), 聉, 䖦, 袦, 𭍨, 詘(诎), 貀, 趉, 𧿺, 䠳, 鈯(𨱄), 韷, 飿(饳), 䭯, 黜, 𠚢
• 㔘, 䢺, 𠀴, 𡭧, 𭣩, 欪, 𠚐, 𡭱, 䪼, 䖓, 𮧋, 屈, 㽾, 㒴, 茁, 𡭲, 𣅽, 窋, 笜, 祟, 粜, 𤉐
• 𣭑, 𡲬, 𪨕

• 岀 (U+5C80, Unorthodox variant)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 135, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1811
• Dae Jaweon: page 301, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 307, character 8
• Unihan data for U+51FA

Historical forms of the character 出
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 止 (“foot”) + 凵 (“cave”) – to step out of a cave; to exit. Compare 各.

By the Qin dynasty, the character has lost its original shape. Based on the distorted form, Shuowen mistakenly interprets the character as a pictogram (象形) of a plant (屮) growing outwards.

STEDT derives this word from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-twak (“to come or go out; to emerge”); compare Burmese ထွက် (htwak, “to go or come out; to produce or yield; to leave”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔ-twakᴴ (“to come or got out; to emerge”), Proto-Kuki-Chin *tshuak-I, *tshuaʔ-II (“to come out; to emerge; to appear”). The -t final may be particular to Chinese.

Alternatively, Sagart (1999) and Baxter and Sagart (2014) suggest that this word is related to other words that express extraction, such as 掘 (OC *[ɡ]ut, “to dig out”), and reconstruct the Old Chinese with an intransitivizing prefix *t-.

出

1. to go out; to leave; to exit

   Antonym: 入 (rù)

   出來／出来  ―  chūlái  ―  to come out

   出國／出国  ―  chūguó  ―  to leave one's country

   出床 [Hokkien]  ―  chhut-sn̂g [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to come out of the steamer

   你出咗門口未呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   你出咗门口未呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   nei⁵ ceot¹ zo² mun⁴ hau² mei⁶ aa³? [Jyutping]

   Have you left home yet?

2. to appear

   水落石出  ―  shuǐluòshíchū  ―  the truth is revealed (literally, “the water recedes and the rocks appear”)

   語出《論語·雍也》 [MSC, trad.]
   语出《论语·雍也》 [MSC, simp.]

   yǔ chū “Lùnyǔ Yōngyě” [Pinyin]

   It is from Yong Ye of the Analects.

3. to come; to arrive

   出席  ―  chūxí  ―  to attend

   出場／出场  ―  chūchǎng  ―  to enter the stage

4. (Cantonese) to go (to a certain place)

   出街 [Cantonese]  ―  ceot¹ gaai¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to go out

   出市區／出市区 [Cantonese]  ―  ceot¹ si⁵ keoi¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to go downtown

   幫我call架的士吖，我要出機場。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, trad.]
   帮我call架的士吖，我要出机场。 [Hong Kong Cantonese, simp.]

   bong¹ ngo⁵ ko¹ gaa³ dik¹ si^6-2 aa¹, ngo⁵ jiu³ ceot¹ gei¹ coeng⁴. [Jyutping]

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

5. (Cantonese) out; outside

   Antonym: 入 (jap⁶) (Cantonese)

   出便 [Cantonese]  ―  ceot¹ bin⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  outside

   你企到咁出，因住畀車撞呀。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   你企到咁出，因住畀车撞呀。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   nei⁵ kei⁵ dou³ gam³ ceot¹, jan¹ zyu⁶ bei² ce¹ zong⁶ aa³. [Jyutping]

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

6. to send out; to put forth

   出題目／出题目  ―  chū tímù  ―  to set questions

   你出錢，我出力。 [MSC, trad.]
   你出钱，我出力。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ chūqián, wǒ chūlì. [Pinyin]

   You contribute money and I contribute my strength.

   我給他出了個好主意。 [MSC, trad.]
   我给他出了个好主意。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ gěi tā chū le ge hǎo zhǔyì. [Pinyin]

   I came up with a good idea for him.

7. to exceed

   球出界了。  ―  Qiú chūjiè le.  ―  The ball went out-of-bounds.

   不出一年  ―  bù chū yī nián  ―  within one year

   伊二十出。 [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]

   I lī-cha̍p chhut. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

   He's a bit over twenty.

8. to produce; to turn out

   出煤  ―  chū méi  ―  to produce coal

   他們學校出了個高考狀元。 [MSC, trad.]
   他们学校出了个高考状元。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tāmen xuéxiào chū le ge gāokǎo zhuàngyuán. [Pinyin]

   Their school produced a gaokao top scorer.

9. to happen; to arise

   出問題／出问题  ―  chū wèntí  ―  to have a problem

   出大事了！  ―  Chū dàshì le!  ―  Something big happened!

   出代誌／出代志 [Hokkien]  ―  chhut tāi-chì [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to have an issue

10. to vent; to put forth

    出芽  ―  chūyá  ―  to sprout

    出汗  ―  chūhàn  ―  to sweat

    出水痘  ―  chūshuǐdòu  ―  to have chickenpox

    出珠 [Hokkien]  ―  chhut-chu [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to have smallpox

    樹上出了不少花蕾。 [MSC, trad.]
    树上出了不少花蕾。 [MSC, simp.]

    Shù shàng chū le bùshǎo huālěi. [Pinyin]

    The tree put forth many buds.

11. (ergative) to publish; to be released (e.g. a product, film, or announcement)

    這本書是哪家出版社出的？ [MSC, trad.]
    这本书是哪家出版社出的？ [MSC, simp.]

    Zhè běn shū shì nǎ jiā chūbǎnshè chū de? [Pinyin]

    Which publisher published this book?

    Windows 10已經出咗一年 [Cantonese, trad.]
    Windows 10已经出咗一年 [Cantonese, simp.]

    Windows 10 ji⁵ ging¹ ceot¹ zo² jat¹ nin⁴ [Jyutping]

    Windows 10 has already been out for a year

12. to expend

    量入為出／量入为出  ―  liàngrùwéichū  ―  to budget one’s expenses according to one’s income

13. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to buy (an electronic device, such as a mobile phone or computer) (clarification of this definition is needed)

    出部電話畀佢用 [Cantonese, trad.]
    出部电话畀佢用 [Cantonese, simp.]

    ceot¹ bou⁶ din⁶ waa^6-2 bei² keoi⁵ jung⁶ [Jyutping]

    to buy a mobile phone for him to use

14. Particle placed after verbs to indicate an outward movement.

    拿出你的身份證／拿出你的身份证  ―  náchū nǐ de shēnfènzhèng  ―  take out your ID card

    走出香港  ―  zǒuchū Xiānggǎng  ―  to come out of Hong Kong

15. Particle placed after verbs to indicate a completed action. to determine

    想不出辦法／想不出办法  ―  xiǎng bù chū bànfǎ  ―  cannot come up with solutions

    睇唔出有咩分別（問題） [Cantonese, trad.]
    睇唔出有咩分别（问题） [Cantonese, simp.]

    tai² m⁴ ceot¹ jau⁵ me¹ fan¹ bit⁶ (man⁶ tai⁴) [Jyutping]

    don't see any difference (problem)

    食唔出咩味道 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

    sik⁶ m⁴ ceot¹ me¹ mei⁶ dou⁶ [Jyutping]

    doesn't have any flavor

16. (Mainland China Hokkien) to state a price

    這塊桌伊出偌濟錢？ [Hokkien, trad.]
    这块桌伊出偌济钱？ [Hokkien, simp.]

    Chit tè toh i chhut lōa-chōe chîⁿ? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    What price did he give for this table?

    伊開價，你也著佮伊出。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    伊开价，你也著佮伊出。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    I khui-kè, lí iā tio̍h kah i chhut. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    He gave a price, you should haggle a price with him.

17. (Mainland China Hokkien) to seem to give a large amount

    這號米𠢕出飯。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    这号米𠢕出饭。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    Chit hō bí gâu chhut pn̄g. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    This kind of uncooked rice seems to give a large amount of cooked rice.

18. (Mainland China Hokkien) to be willing to part with money (by spending, paying, etc.)

    錢我𣍐出咧開。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    钱我𫧃出咧开。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    Chîⁿ góa bōe chhut leh khai. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    I'm not willing to spend the money.

19. (Mainland China Hokkien) to escape one's bad luck

    出運／出运 [Hokkien]  ―  chhut-ūn [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to have good luck

20. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) ever since

    出目睭頭一擺拄著這款人。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    出目睭头一摆拄著这款人。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    Chhut ba̍k-chiu thâu-chi̍t-pái tú-tio̍h chit khoán lâng. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    This is the first time I've seen someone like this since I had eyes to see.