伍

See also: 五

伍	U+4F0D, 伍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F0D

← 伌
[U+4F0C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

伎 →
[U+4F0E]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

伍 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人一木一 (OMDM), four-corner 2121₇, composition ⿰亻五)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 95, character 20
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 435
Dae Jaweon: page 202, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 118, character 1
Unihan data for U+4F0D

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 伍
Small seal script s05781 Transcribed ancient scripts L34452 L14830 L14831
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (五) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
吾	ŋraː, ŋaː
衙	ŋraː, ŋa, *ŋaʔ
鼯	*ŋaː
浯	*ŋaː
珸	*ŋaː
郚	*ŋaː
齬	ŋaː, ŋa, *ŋaʔ
鯃	*ŋaː
娪	*ŋaː
梧	*ŋaː
峿	*ŋaː
五	*ŋaːʔ
伍	*ŋaːʔ
寤	*ŋaːs
啎	*ŋaːs
晤	*ŋaːs
悟	*ŋaːs
逜	*ŋaːs
窹	*ŋaːs
捂	*ŋaːs
鋙	ŋa, ŋaʔ
語	ŋaʔ, ŋas
圄	*ŋaʔ
敔	*ŋaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaːʔ) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 五 (OC *ŋaːʔ). Also ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) .

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		伍

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǔ (wu³)

(Zhuyin): ㄨˇ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ng⁵

(Taishan, Wiktionary): m² / m⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ńg

(Meixian, Guangdong): n³
Eastern Min (BUC): ngū
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): gó͘ / ngó͘ / gǒ͘ / gō͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): ngou² / ngou⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵u; ⁶wu; ⁶ng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǔ
  - Wade–Giles: wu³
  - Yale: wǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuu
  - Palladius: у (u)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: ng⁵
  - Yale: ńgh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ng⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: ng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: m² / m⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /m̩⁵⁵/, /m̩²¹/

Note:

m2 - "five", surname;
m4 - troops.

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ńg
  - Hakka Romanization System: ng^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ng³
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋ̍³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: n³
  - Sinological IPA: /n̩³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ngū
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋu³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gó͘
  - Tâi-lô: góo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gor
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngó͘
  - Tâi-lô: ngóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngor
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ŋɔ̃⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋɔ̃⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gǒ͘
  - Tâi-lô: gǒo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō͘
  - Tâi-lô: gōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: go
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡɔ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɡɔ²²/

Note:

ngó͘/gó͘ - literary (incl. surname);
gō͘/gǒ͘ - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngou² / ngou⁶
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngóu / ngŏu
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou⁵²/, /ŋou³⁵/

Note: ngou6 - “five”.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵u; ⁶wu; ⁶ng
  - MiniDict: u^去; wu^去; ng^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²u; ³hhu; ³hhngg
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /u³⁴/, /ɦu²³/, /ŋ̍²³/

Note:

3hhu - literary;
3ngg - vernacular;
2u - only in 隊伍 “company”..

Middle Chinese: nguX

Rime
Character	伍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	疑古切
Baxter	nguX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋuo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋuo^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋo^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɔ^X/
Li Rong	/ŋo^X/
Wang Li	/ŋu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋuo^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ng⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.ŋˤaʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	伍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ ngu^X ›
Old Chinese	/*C.ŋˁaʔ/
English	group of five
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	伍
Reading #	1/1
No.	13148
Phonetic component	五
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	五
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːʔ/

Definitions

伍

troop of five soldiers
(figuratively) military
ally; company
(financial) Alternative form of 五 (“five”)
a surname: Wu, Woo, Ng, or Eng
伍連德／伍连德 ― Wǔ Liándé ― Wu Lien-teh (Malayan Chinese physician and epidemiologist)

伍家崗區／伍家岗区 ― Wǔjiāgǎng Qū ― Wujiagang District

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (伍):

→ Japanese: 伍(ご) (go)
→ Korean: 오(伍) (o)

Others:

(Hokkien dialect) Tagalog: Go
(Mandarin) Tagalog: Wu

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		伍

From 亻 (denoting one octave higher in Kunqu) + 五 (wǔ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wǔ (wu³)

(Zhuyin): ㄨˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wǔ
  - Wade–Giles: wu³
  - Yale: wǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuu
  - Palladius: у (u)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴/

Definitions

伍

(music) Kunqu gongche notation for the note high la (6̇).
Synonym: 鿉 (wǔ) (Cantonese opera)

Japanese

Kanji

伍

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

(financial, dated) five
five (mahjong)

Readings

Go-on: ご (go)
Kan-on: ご (go)
Kun: いつつ (itsutsu, 伍つ)
Nanori: くみ (kumi)、あつむ (atsumu)

Compounds

Number

Kanji in this term
伍
ウー Jinmeiyō
irregular

伍(ウー) • (ū)

(mahjong) five

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 伍 (MC nguX). Recorded as Middle Korean 오〯 (wǒ) (Yale: wo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

伍

Wikisource

伍 (eumhun 다섯 사람 오 (daseotsaram o))

hanja form^? of 오 (“five”)

Compounds

낙오 (落伍, nago)
대오 (隊伍, dae'o)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

伍: Hán Nôm readings: ngũ

five

Chinese numbers
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	10²	10³	10⁴	10⁶	10⁸	10¹²
Normal (小寫／小写)	〇, 零, 空	一, 蜀	二, 兩／两	三	四	五	六	七	八	九	十	百	千	萬／万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬／百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines)	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial (大寫／大写)	零	壹	貳／贰	參／叁	肆	伍	陸／陆	柒	捌	玖	拾	佰	仟	萬／万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	百萬／百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines)	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)