քաղցր

From Old Armenian քաղցր (kʻałcʻr).

• (Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰɑχt͡sʰəɾ/, [kʰɑ́χt͡sʰəɾ]
• (Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /ˈkɑχt͡səɾ/, [kʰɑ́χt͡sʰəɾ]

• Audio (Eastern Armenian):

  (file)

քաղցր • (kʻaġcʻr) (superlative ամենաքաղցր)

1. sweet

   Synonym: (Western Armenian) անուշ (anuš)

2. (figuratively) pleasant, sweet

Basic tastes in Armenian (layout · text)
քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr)	թթու (tʻtʻu)	աղի (aġi)	դառը (daṙə)	կծու (kcu)	not used in Armenian

քաղցր • (kʻaġcʻr)

1. sweet course, dessert

քաղցր • (kʻaġcʻr)

1. sweetly

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European, but the details are uncertain. Probably a contamination of several roots. Different authors operate with a different number of roots, usually *swéh₂dus (“sweet”), *dléwkus (“sweet”), *sweld- (“to starve”) (whence քաղց (kʻałcʻ)) and *sh₂eldus (“salty”), and propose different chains of derivation.

De Lamberterie proposes *swādu- + *saldu- giving *swaldu-, then crossing with *dluku- and producing *swaldku- → *swaltku- → քաղցու- (kʻałcʻu-).^[1]

Pedersen derives from *swl̥d-su-s (“hungry; appetizing”).^[2]

Petersson derives from *kl̥d-sḱ-u-, metathesized from *dl̥k-sḱ-u- (“sweet”).^[3][4]

Klingenschmitt derives from Proto-Indo-European *swl̥ḱsu-, with Iranian cognates: see Persian خوش (xoš).^[5]

քաղցր • (kʻałcʻr)

1. sweet, delicious
2. (figuratively) mild, pleasant, agreeable, charming, amiable, affable, dear, beloved

   քաղցր հայեցուածք ― kʻałcʻr hayecʻuackʻ ― mild looking

   քաղցր բնաւորութիւն ― kʻałcʻr bnaworutʻiwn ― good-temperedness

   քաղցր բարք ― kʻałcʻr barkʻ ― gentle manners

   քաղցր յիշատակ ― kʻałcʻr yišatak ― pleasing remembrance

   քաղցր է տեսանել ― kʻałcʻr ē tesanel ― it is pleasant to see

   քաղցր է ինձ ― kʻałcʻr ē inj ― I should like

   քաղցր էր մեզ տեսանել ― kʻałcʻr ēr mez tesanel ― we saw with pleasure

   քաղցունս ― kʻałcʻuns ― sweetly, softy, gently, pleasantly, nicely

3. (as a substantive) sweetness, honey

քաղցր • (kʻałcʻr)

1. sweetly, softly, gently, pleasantly, nicely

• Armenian: քաղցր (kʻaġcʻr)

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “քաղցր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, pages 546–547
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “քաղցր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 33
• Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 502
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “քաղցր”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, pages 774–775
• Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 165–166
• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “քաղցր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Scheftelowitz, J. (1904) “Zur altarmenischen lautgeschichte”, in Beiträge zur kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 28, page 290