The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Prior to 20th century
edit- 1659 — Mission de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe founded.[1]
- 1681/2 — Town founded.[2]
- 1682 – Ysleta Mission established.
- 1826 — Town named "Villa Paso del Norte."[3]
- 1846
- The Mexican–American War begins
- The Battle of El Bracito is fought nearby on 25 December
- 1848 – Across the Rio Grande, El Paso becomes part of the U.S. state of Texas per Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.[4]
- 1865 — HQ of Benito Juárez the 26th president of Mexico, 1858–1872.[2]
- 1884 — Mexican Central Railway opened, linking Mexico City to Ciudad Juárez.
- 1888
- El Paso del Norte renamed "Juárez" in honor of Benito Juárez.[4]
- Customs Office building constructed.
- 1895 — Population: 6,917.[5][2]
20th century
edit- 1906 - Escuela Superior de Agricultura "Hermanos Escobar" (school) founded.[1]
- 1909 - William Howard Taft - Porfirio Díaz, historic first Presidential summit and the near assassination of both Presidents.[6]
- 1910 - Biblioteca Municipal (library) established.[1]
- 1911
- April–May: Battle of Ciudad Juárez (1911); city taken by revolutionaries.[4]
- World's "first" aerial reconnaissance flown via airplane (El Paso-Ciudad Juarez), for Mexican government.[7]
- 1912 - Mexico North Western Railway (Ciudad Juárez and Chihuahua) in operation.[8]
- 1913 - Battle of Ciudad Juárez (1913).
- 1919 - Battle of Ciudad Juárez (1919).
- 1922 - Teatro-Cine Alcazar (theatre) opens.[9]
- 1930 - Quevedo crime gang active.[10]
- 1933 - Cervecería Cruz Blanca (brewery) established.[1]
- 1938 – El Paso Ysleta Port of Entry, USA, established.
- 1940
- Teófilo Borunda becomes mayor.
- Population: 48,881.[4]
- Following the 1940 Sun Bowl, the local Knights of Columbus in El Paso took the Catholic University Cardinals over the border for lunch[11] in the "squalid but colorful Mexican town" of Ciudad Juárez.[12]
- 1942 - Ysleta–Zaragoza Bridge rebuilt.[13]
- 1943 - El Fronterizo newspaper begins publication.[14]
- 1946 - Cámara Nacional de la Industria de Transformación de Ciudad Juárez, CANACINTRA established*
- 1947 - A modified V2-rocket launched from White Sands crashed south of Tepeyac Cemetery. Although it caused a big crater no people were killed and only minor damages on buildings occurred [1].
- 1947 - Cine Plaza (cinema) opens.[15]
- 1950 - Population: 122,598.[16]
- 1957 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Ciudad Juárez established.[17]
- 1958 - Cathedral of Ciudad Juárez established.[18]
- 1964 - Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Juárez established.
- 1967
- Paso del Norte International Bridge built.[13]
- U.S.-Mexico Chamizal land dispute resolved.[1]
- 1968 - RCA Corporation maquila begins operating.[19]
- 1970 - Parque Público Federal El Chamizal (park) created.
- 1973 - Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez established.[1]
- 1974 - Asociacion de Maquiladoras (labor group) founded.
- 1976 - El Diario de Juárez newspaper in publication.[20]
- 1980
- XHIJ-TV begins broadcasting.
- Grupo Intermedia television company established.[citation needed]
- Population: 567,365 municipality.[1]
- 1981 - Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez (stadium) opens.
- 1982 - Nipona maquila begins operating.[21]
- 1983 - El Colegio de la Frontera Norte (institute) regional headquarters established.[22]
- 1988 - Club de Fútbol Cobras (football club) active.
- 1990
- Norte newspaper in publication.[20]
- Museo Histórico de Ciudad Juárez opens.
- Population: 798,499 municipality.[1]
- 1995 - Population: 1,011,786 municipality.[1]
- 1998 - Bridge of the Americas (El Paso–Ciudad Juárez) opened.
- 2000
- XHEM-FM radio begins broadcasting.[citation needed]
- Mormon temple built.
- Museo de la Lealtad Republicana (museum) opens.
21st century
edit- 2001 - Astros de Ciudad Juárez football club formed.
- 2003 - Frontera Women's Foundation established.
- 2004
- Museo del Concorde opens.
- International news media reports on ongoing Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez area.[23]
- Héctor ¨Teto¨ Murguía Lardizábal becomes mayor of Juárez Municipality.
- 2005 - Indios de Ciudad Juárez (football club) formed.
- 2007 - José Reyes Ferriz becomes mayor of Juárez Municipality.
- 2008 - Juárez Hoy newspaper begins publication.
- 2009
- March: "Warfare erupts between rival drug gangs."[24]
- 2 September: Ciudad Juárez rehab center attack.
- 2010
- 31 January: Villas de Salvárcar massacre.
- Héctor ¨Teto¨ Murguía Lardizábal becomes mayor of Juárez Municipality again.
- Population: 1,321,004 city; 1,332,131 municipality.[25]
- 2013
- ViveBús begins operating.
- Monumento a la Mexicanidad installed.
- Enrique Serrano Escobar becomes mayor of Juárez Municipality.
- 2014 - Railroad hub opens in nearby Santa Teresa, New Mexico, USA.[26]
- 2016 - Pope Francis visits Ciudad Juárez in February.[27]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Juárez: Cronología de Hechos Históricos". Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal. Archived from the original on 17 June 2011.
- ^ a b c Britannica 1910.
- ^ University Library Special Collections Department, Guide to the Ciudad Juárez Municipal Archives, Finding Aids, USA: University of Texas at El Paso, retrieved December 16, 2014
- ^ a b c d Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 413, OL 6112221M
- ^ Figueroa Doménech 1899.
- ^ Harris, Charles H. III; Sadler, Louis R. (2009). The Secret War in El Paso: Mexican Revolutionary Intrigue, 1906-1920. Albuquerque, New Mexico: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 978-0-8263-4652-0.
- ^ Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
- ^ Fred Wilbur Powell (1921), Railroads of Mexico, Boston: Stratford Co., OCLC 1865702, OL 6637165M
- ^ Laura Isabel Serna (2010). "Cinema on the U.S.-Mexico border: American motion pictures and Mexican audiences, 1896/1930". In Alexis McCrossen (ed.). Land of Necessity: Consumer Culture in the United States–Mexico Borderlands. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-9078-7.
- ^ Mottier 2009.
- ^ "Baugh to Greet C.U. Players". The Washington Post. December 14, 1939. p. 26.
- ^ "Card Gridders Liked Texas, But Not 0–0 Tie". Washington Post. January 6, 1940. p. 16.
- ^ a b Arreola 1994.
- ^ Felix Padilla, ed. (1994). Handbook of Hispanic Culture in the United States: Sociology. Houston, Texas: Arte Público Press. ISBN 978-1-61192-165-6.
- ^ "Movie Theaters in Juarez, Mexico". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
- ^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Mexico". www.katolsk.no. Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved December 16, 2014.
- ^ University Library Special Collections Department, Guide to the Archives of the Cathedral of Ciudad Juárez, 1671-1945, Finding Aids, USA: University of Texas at El Paso, retrieved December 16, 2014
- ^ Jefferson R. Cowie (1999). Capital Moves: RCA's Seventy-year Quest for Cheap Labor. Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-3525-0.
- ^ a b "Ciudad Juárez (Mexico) Newspapers". WorldCat. USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
- ^ Staudt 2010.
- ^ "Colef" (in Spanish). Tijuana. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
- ^ Cordelia Candelaria, ed. (2004). "Chronology". Encyclopedia of Latino Popular Culture. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. lxiii–lxxii. ISBN 978-0-313-33210-4.
- ^ BBC News (4 October 2012). "Mexico Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
- ^ "Juárez". Catálogo de Localidades (in Spanish). Secretaría de Desarrollo Social. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
- ^ "New Rail Hub Opens Along Border in New Mexico", New York Times, 28 May 2014
- ^ "Pope Francis, Mass in Juárez brought out emotions". El Paso Times. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
Bibliography
editIn English
edit- El Paso, Texas and Paso del Norte, Mexico, Business Directory, 1885 – via University of Texas at El Paso
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 401.
- Daniel D. Arreola; James R. Curtis (1994). The Mexican Border Cities: Landscape Anatomy and Place Personality. University of Arizona Press. ISBN 978-0-8165-1441-0.
- Nicole Mottier (2009). "Drug Gangs and Politics in Ciudad Juárez: 1928–1936". Mexican Studies. 25.
- Kathleen Staudt; et al., eds. (2010). Cities and Citizenship at the U.S.-Mexico Border: The Paso Del Norte Metropolitan Region. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-11291-9.
In Spanish
edit- J. Figueroa Doménech (1899). "Estado de Chihuahua: Ciudad Juarez". Guía General Descriptiva de la República Mexicana (in Spanish). Vol. 2. R. de S. N. Araluce. hdl:2027/mdp.39015051117227 – via Hathi Trust.
External links
editWikimedia Commons has media related to History of Ciudad Juárez.
- Digital Public Library of America, USA. Items related to Ciudad Juárez, various dates