Claro M. Recto Avenue, more popularly known as simply Recto, is the principal commercial thoroughfare in north-central Manila, Philippines. It spans six districts just north of the Pasig River in what is generally considered Manila's old downtown area.
 C-1  | |
|---|---|
 Recto Avenue looking eastbound near Tutuban Center | |
 The route of Recto Avenue in Metro Manila. Recto Avenue is highlighted in red. | |
| Former name(s) | Paseo de Azcárraga Paseo de Rey Felipe II |
| Part of | |
| Namesake | Claro M. Recto Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero (formerly) Philip II of Spain (formerly) |
| Length | 3.2 km (2.0 mi) |
| Location | Manila |
| West end |  AH 26 (N120) (Mel Lopez Boulevard) in Tondo and San Nicolas |
| Major junctions | Juan Luna Street N151 (Abad Santos Avenue) N150 (Rizal Avenue) N170 (Quezon Boulevard) |
| East end |  N180 (Legarda Street) in Sampaloc and Quiapo |
Recto's western terminus is at an intersection with Mel Lopez Boulevard (Radial Road 10) at the district boundaries of Tondo and San Nicolas, close to the Manila North Harbor. It runs northeast before curving east at Juan Luna Street and Estero de Binondo. It then passes through the Divisoria shopping area of Manila south of the Tutuban railway station until it curves southeast past the A. Rivera Street junction. East of Rizal Avenue and Santa Cruz district, Recto intersects with the streets of the University Belt area of Quiapo and Sampaloc before terminating at Legarda Street and Mendiola Street at the district boundaries of Quiapo and Sampaloc.
The LRTA's Line 2 runs along its T. Alonzo–Legarda Street segment. It has a short extension into San Miguel and towards Malacañang Palace compound as Mendiola Street.
History
editWhat is known today as Recto Avenue was developed in sections during Spanish rule. The main section leading to the coast in San Nicolas and Tondo from Binondo was named Paseo de Azcárraga, after the Spanish Filipino Prime Minister of Spain, Marcelo Azcárraga.
In the Santa Cruz district, the road was divided into Calle General Izquierdo, Calle Paz and Calle Bilibid after the Spanish Governor-General Rafael Izquierdo y Gutiérrez and the creeks (esteros) that ran through the district, respectively. In Sampaloc, the road was named Calle Iris, which terminated at Calle Alix/Plaza Santa Ana (now Legarda Street).[1] The name Paseo de Azcárraga was extended to include the full length of the street, which was, at one point, also called Paseo de Rey Felipe 2° after King Philip II of Spain.
On July 7, 1892, at 72 Calle Azcárraga, at the intersection with Calle Sagunto (now Santo Cristo) in Tondo, Andrés Bonifacio founded the revolutionary society Katipunan.[2]
In the early 1900s, Azcárraga was a theater-and-restaurant row, with Teatro Libertad and Zorrilla Theatre attracting the well-dressed crowd to zarzuela shows and operas that ran on weekends.[3] The section extending westward from Tutuban station used to be traversed by an old Manila Railroad branch leading to the Port of Manila.[4] The section extending eastward from Calle Santo Cristo was traversed by the tranvía.[5]
Originally terminating at Calle Angngalo (Angalo) on the former coastline of Manila in San Nicolas at the west,[6] Azcárraga was extended into the new reclamation accommodated for the Manila North Harbor in the 20th century. There were also plans to extend Azcárraga eastward to Santa Mesa; however, this extension was never realized.[6][5] In 1961, the avenue was given its current name in honor of Filipino senator Claro Mayo Recto.[7][8][9]
Construction of the LRT Line 2 viaduct, initially traversing Recto Avenue's center island from T. Alonzo Street eastwards, began in 1997. Train operations on the Recto segment began in 2004.[10]
Cultural references
editRecto Avenue is infamous as a center of document forgery. Counterfeiters openly advertise their services, although the actual counterfeiting is done elsewhere. The forged documents they sell include IDs, receipts, driver's licenses, diplomas, employment references, theses, pilot's licenses, and seaman's certificates. Due to this, locals have sarcastically dubbed the area "Recto University".[11][12] The mayors of Manila have ordered several police raids in the area; however, some police officers have reportedly accepted bribes from the counterfeiters.[11][12][13]
Transportation
editRecto Avenue is a major stop on three lines of the Metro Manila Transit System: Doroteo Jose station of LRTA Line 1 at Rizal Avenue, Recto station of LRTA Line 2 at Rizal Avenue, and Tutuban railway station of the Philippine National Railways at Dagupan Street.
Several bus companies and jeepneys also serve the route. As part of the Line 2 west expansion project, additional stations will be built along the road.[14]
Intersections
editThe entire route is located in Manila.
| km | mi | Destinations | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eastern terminus. Continues east as Mendiola Street. Access to San Miguel district & Malacañang Palace; Nagtahan Interchange & Rizal Park via Legarda Street. | |||||
| San Sebastian Street | One-way road. | ||||
| Sergio H. Loyola Street | Traffic light intersection. | ||||
| Matapang Street | Eastbound only. | ||||
| Nicanor Reyes (Morayta) Street | Traffic light intersection. Access to | ||||
| Severino Street | Eastbound only. | ||||
| Coromina Street | Eastbound only | ||||
| Diamond interchange. No access on opposite sides of the road. | |||||
| Evangelista Street | One-way to Recto Avenue; eastbound only. | ||||
| Calero Street | One-way from Recto Avenue; eastbound only. | ||||
| Oroquieta Road | One-way from Recto Avenue; westbound only. Access to LRT-1 Doroteo Jose station. Various provincial buses have terminals near this vicinity. | ||||
| Traffic light intersection. Southbound goes to Intramuros, Ermita & Manila City Hall; Northbound goes to Monumento & Grace Park in Caloocan. | |||||
| Florentino Torres Street | One-way to Recto Avenue; Eastbound only. | ||||
| Tomás Mapúa Street | Traffic light intersection. One-way only. | ||||
| San Bernardo Street | Eastbound only. | ||||
| Severino Reyes Street | Westbound only. | ||||
| Teodora Alonzo Street | Traffic light intersection. | ||||
| Benavidez Street | Traffic light intersection. One-way only. | ||||
| Masangkay Street | Traffic light intersection. One-way only. | ||||
| Aguilar Street | Opposite segments accessible via nearby roads. | ||||
| Sanchez Street | One way from Recto Avenue; eastbound only. | ||||
| Traffic light intersection. Northbound goes to Tondo, Monumento & Camanava area via | |||||
| Narra Street | Westbound only. | ||||
| Antonio Rivera Street | Westbound only. | ||||
| Roman Street | Eastbound only. | ||||
| Bonifacio Drive | Westbound only. Access to Tutuban Center & PNR Tutuban station. | ||||
| Soler Street / Dagupan Street | Unsignaled intersection. | ||||
| Juan Luna Street | Access to opposite segments via nearby roads. | ||||
| Ilaya Street | Access to opposite segments via nearby roads. | ||||
| Tabora Street | Eastbound only. | ||||
| Carmen Planas Street | Access to opposite segments via nearby roads. | ||||
| Sto. Cristo Street | Unsignaled intersection. | ||||
| Elcano Street | Access to opposite segments via nearby roads. | ||||
| Asuncion Street | Unsignaled intersection. | ||||
| Saint Mary Street / Camba Street | |||||
| Angalo Street | Accessible only to bicycles, motorcycles, pedicabs & pedestrians. | ||||
| Sevilla Street | |||||
| Western terminus. Unsignaled intersection. Southwest road continues to the Manila International Container Terminal (MICT). Northbound goes to Malabon & Navotas, southbound goes to Intramuros & Ermita districts. | |||||
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi | |||||
Landmarks
edit- Shopping malls
- 168 Shopping Mall
- 999 Shopping Mall
- D8 Mall (formerly Benisons Shopping Center)
- Isetann Cinerama Recto
- Lucky Chinatown
- Odeon Terminal Mall
- Tutuban Center
- Universities and colleges
- Access Computer College - Recto
- Far Eastern University
- Informatics College - Recto
- Philippine College of Health Sciences
- San Sebastian College – Recoletos
- STI Colleges Recto
- University of the East
- Other notable buildings
- Basilica of San Sebastian, Manila
- Manila City Jail (Old Bilibid Prison)
- Manila Grand Opera Hotel
- Tutuban railway station
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Quodala, Schatzi (March 2, 2011). "Did you know? Recto Avenue". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved October 15, 2013.
- ^ "The Philippines, the land of palm and pine : an official guide and hand book (1912)". Manila Bureau of Print. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
- ^ The Americanization of Manila, 1898-1921. University of the Philippines Press. 2010. ISBN 9789715426138. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
- ^ General Map of the Island of Luzon, Phil. Is. Showing the Manila Railroad Company's Railway & Water Lines (Map). 1:1,060,000. Bureau Coast and Geodetic Survey Litho. 1930. Retrieved June 9, 2024.
- ^ a b Map of city of Manila and vicinity (Map). 1:10560. Manila?: Office of Dept. Engineer, Phil. Dept. June 1915. Retrieved June 9, 2024.
- ^ a b John Bach (1920). City of Manila, Philippine Islands (Map). 1:11,000. Retrieved March 9, 2022.
- ^ Old Manila streets lose names to politicians Archived July 17, 2010, at the Wayback Machine published by the Philippine Daily Inquirer; accessed October 15, 2013.
- ^ Medina, Marielle (October 2, 2013). "Did you know: Claro M. Recto". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 9, 2022.
- ^ "President's Week in Review: February 12 – February 18, 1961". Official Gazette. Retrieved June 9, 2024.
- ^ Bergonia, Allan (October 28, 2004). "Line 2 Recto Station Opens". People's Journal. Archived from the original on March 8, 2005. Retrieved May 11, 2006 – via lrta.gov.ph.
- ^ a b Shadbolt, Peter (January 17, 2012). "Manila's forgers graduate with honors from 'Recto University'". CNN. Archived from the original on April 22, 2021. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
- ^ a b Garcia, Robert Jon L. (February 28, 2014). "'Recto University': You name it, they have it!". Lifestyle.Inq. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on April 11, 2021. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
- ^ Siytangco, AJ; Edera, Erma (December 18, 2019). "Mayor Isko leads raid on 'Recto' diploma mill". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on August 12, 2021. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
- ^ Taruc, Paolo (May 20, 2015). "NEDA approves P27.9 billion worth of projects". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on February 16, 2016. Retrieved August 1, 2019.