Nasi katok

Found throughout Brunei, the dish is readily available from roadside stalls to well-established restaurants and convenience stores.^[2] Its unprecedented popularity surged in the late 2000s, propelled by the emergence of franchises and 24-hour dining establishments specialising in the dish. This culinary trend also solidified its status as Brunei's indigenous fast food equivalent.^[4][5][6]

Today, several noteworthy chains have emerged in Brunei, each dedicated to serving the local specialty with their own recipe, interpretations and styles. Among these establishments are Nasi Katok Kaka, Nasi Katok Mama, Nasi Katok Lily and Nasi Katok Nailis.^[4] This dish's widespread presence in diverse dining venues highlights its cultural importance and enduring popularity within Bruneian gastronomy.

Additionally, Nasi katok can also be found in cities and towns across East Malaysia that share robust socioeconomic connections with Brunei. These include Miri, Limbang, Lawas, Labuan, Sipitang, Papar and Kota Kinabalu.^[7] Reflecting the cultural exchange and cross-border influences, variations of this dish are offered in these regions, reinforcing its appeal beyond national borders.

The dish derives its name from the Bruneian Malay terminology denoting rice ("nasi") and the action of knocking ("katok").^[3] This nomenclature finds its origins in the historical practice wherein patrons would audibly signal their presence by knocking on the doors of rice vendors to initiate their orders.^[1][5] Evolving over time, this colloquial name has become emblematic of one of Brunei's quintessential culinary offerings.

According to popular accounts, the origins of Nasi Katok can be traced back to the 1980s when a Chinese family embarked on a modest venture in their residence at the Low San Flat, situated within the Mabohai area. Specializing in Nasi Pusu, a dish featuring anchovy-sambal rice, they gradually garnered immense popularity among locals, serving customers until late at night. This early endeavor is frequently regarded as the embryonic stage from which the concept of Nasi Katok emerged, laying the groundwork for what would eventually morphed into the first informal Nasi Katok establishment.^[4]

Every patron who visited the family's home would personally knock on the door to purchase their food. The practice perhaps reflects an era when doorbells were not commonplace, making knocking the customary method for patrons to announce their presence and request to purchase rice.^[2] This traditional method of placing orders, where customers would personally announce their arrival, added to the distinctive and intimate dining experience of that time. The legacy of Nasi Katok Mabohai, recognised as the pioneering Nasi Katok venue in Brunei, endures as it remains open and operational to this day.^[8]

The preparation of Nasi Katok's fried chicken encompasses a multitude of approaches, each contributing to its unique flavor profile. One method involves coating the chicken in flour for enhanced crispiness. Alternatively, the recipe may call for infusing the chicken with turmeric, adding a vibrant color and aromatic essence, enhancing both its flavor and depth.^[2]

Furthermore, some versions prefer to marinate the chicken with an assortment of spices. This infusion of flavors results in a more nuanced and complex taste experience, further enriching the overall dish. These diverse preparation methods provide consumers with a selection of options, each offering its own distinct characteristics and nuances, thus enhancing the culinary experience of Nasi Katok.^[2]

In recent times, Nasi Katok has witnessed a surge in innovative adaptations, particularly in its sauce and protein offerings. Vendors have enthusiastically delved into culinary experimentation, introducing an extensive array of sambal options. From the traditional spicy chili sambal to the creamy and tangy buttermilk sauce, alongside milder tomato-based options, these diverse sambal and gravy choices cater to a broad spectrum of tastes and preferences among consumers.^[2]

Moreover, the selection of proteins has transcended the conventional fried chicken, with vendors introducing enticing alternatives such as beef rendang, grilled lamb, seafood like mussels or lobsters and even vegetarian options such as fried tofu or tempeh. This diverse array of choices caters to the diverse tastes and dietary preferences of customers, elevating the Nasi Katok experience with a spectrum of flavors and textures.^[2][6]

Despite fluctuations in ingredient costs, including a recent uptick due to pandemic-related factors, Nasi Katok remains an accessible and satisfying meal option, particularly with its reputation for affordability, especially in Brunei Darussalam. While some vendors have adjusted the basic Nasi Katok prices slightly to B$1.50 to manage rising expenses, others have chosen to maintain the original B$1 price point, reflecting the diverse approaches taken by vendors in response to economic factors.^[2]

• Bruneian cuisine
• Malay cuisine
• Ayam penyet
• Chicken inasal
• Nasi campur
• Nasi lemak
• Nasi kucing