Muztagh Ata (meaning 'Iceberg Father' in English), formerly known as Mount Tagharma and Wi-tagh, is the second highest of the mountains which form the northern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, with an elevation of 7,546 m (24,757 ft).[2] It is sometimes regarded as being part of the Kunlun Mountains, although physically it is more closely connected to the Pamirs. It is also one of the relatively easier 7,000 m peaks in the world to climb, due to its gentle western slope and the comparatively drier weather of Xinjiang, though a thorough acclimatization period and a very strong physical condition are crucial for success.
| Muztagh Ata | |
|---|---|
| مۇزتاغ ئاتا (Uyghur) مۇزتوو آتا (Kyrgyz) མུཛ་ཏག་རི་རྩེ། (Standard Tibetan) 慕士塔格峰 (Chinese) | |
 Muztagh Ata, as viewed from the Karakoram Highway | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 7,546 m (24,757 ft)[1][2] Ranked 49th |
| Prominence | 2,698 m (8,852 ft)[1] |
| Listing | Ultra |
| Coordinates | 38°16′42″N 75°06′57″E / 38.27833°N 75.11583°E[1] |
| Naming | |
| English translation | Father of ice mountains |
| Language of name | Uyghur |
| Geography | |
  Muztagh Ata Location of Muztagh Ata within the Pamir range in Xinjiang, China | |
| Location | Xinjiang, China |
| Parent range | Pamir Range |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | 1956 by E. A. Beletskiy et al. |
| Easiest route | Glacier/snow climb |
Location
editMuztagh Ata lies just south of Kongur Tagh, the highest peak of this somewhat isolated range that is separated from the main chain of the Kunlun by the large Yarkand River valley, and thus generally included in the "Eastern Pamirs".[3] Not far to the north and east of this group are the lowlands of the Tarim Basin and the Taklamakan Desert. The Karakoram Highway passes very close to both peaks as well as Karakul Lake, from which the mountain is conveniently viewed. The closest city is to the mountain is Tashkurgan, the westernmost town in China and very close to the border with Tajikistan and Pakistan.
History
editAccording to Michael Witzel:[4]
the Ṛgveda mentions the mountain Mūjavant (“Having Mūja”), from where the best soma comes. A Muža tribe is also found in the Avesta in an eastern area that has Vedic-like names. The name seems to survive as the impressive 7,549-meter-high Muzh Tagh Ata Mountain in the Kirghiz and Sariqoli (Saka) lands of southwestern Xinjiang.
The Swedish explorer and geographer Sven Hedin made the first recorded attempt to climb Muztagh Ata, in 1894. On his first expedition in 1900 Aurel Stein reached the summit while crossing the Karakorum Pass.[5] Additional attempts were made in 1900, 1904 and 1947, the last by the team of Eric Shipton and Bill Tilman who came very close to the summit but were turned back due to cold and deep snow.
The first ascent of the peak was in 1956 by a large party of Chinese and Soviet climbers (including Liu Lianman and Xu Jing) led by E.A. Beletskiy, via the west ridge, which is now the standard route.
Since the first ascent, many ascents of Muztagh Ata have been made. In 1980, a party led by Ned Gillette made a ski ascent/descent of the standard route, the first ski ascent of a mountain over 7,500 m (24,600 ft). An ascent of the much harder south-east ridge was made in 2000[6] and a secondary route at the west side of the mountain was first climbed in the summer of 2005. In 2011, the Swedish climber Anneli Wester camped on the summit overnight after climbing the mountain solo and alpine style. In 2013, Aron Ralston, the man who famously amputated his own arm during a hiking accident in 2003, made the summit without his compatriot Michael Ash, who sustained a lung injury and was forced to return to base camp.[7]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b c "China II: Sinkiang – Xinjiang". Peaklist.org. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
- ^ a b Note: The footnote in this source states: "The frequently cited 7546m elevation should be replaced by the newer 7509m elevation that appears on Chinese maps, and is more compatible with SRTM." "China II: Sinkiang – Xinjiang". Footnote#9. Peaklist.org. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
- ^ N. O. Arnaud; M. Brunel; J. M. Cantagrel; P. Tapponnier (1993). "High cooling and denudation rates at Kongur Shan, Eastern Pamir (Xinjiang, China)". Tectonics. 12 (3): 1335–1346. doi:10.1029/93TC00767.
- ^ Witzel, Michael (2012). "Vedic Gods (Indra, Agni, Rudra, Varuṇa, etc.)". Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism. Brill.
- ^ Meyer, Karl E. (2009). Tournament of Shadows : the Great Game and the Race for Empire in Central Asia. Basic Books. p. 355. ISBN 978-0-7867-3678-2. OCLC 817868028.
- ^ "Asia, Muztag Ata, 2nd Ascent of Southeast Ridge". American Alpine Club. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
- ^ "Weekend Warm-Up: Muztagh Ata » Explorersweb". 24 August 2019.
Sources
edit- Jill Neate, High Asia: An Illustrated History of the 7000 Metre Peaks, ISBN 0-89886-238-8.
- Himalayan Index
External links
edit- Muztagh Ata on summitpost.org (much information)
- Muztagh Ata Information
- [1] Muztagh Ata Information
- Muztagh Ata in Kyrgyzstan