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List of governors of pre-independence Sudan

The governors of pre-independence Sudan were the colonial administrators responsible for the territory of Turco-Egyptian Sudan and Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, an area equivalent to modern-day Sudan and South Sudan.

A map of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty; it shows military campaigns of Muhammad Ali Pasha, including the Turco-Egyptian conquest of Sudan (light green).
A map of Mahdist State (green) in 1894, on the eve of the Anglo-Egyptian conquest of Sudan.
A map of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (orange) in 1912.
Standard of the Governor-General of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan

List

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(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Tenure Portrait Incumbent Notes
Turco-Egyptian Sudan
November 1820 to 1821 Isma'il Kamil Pasha,
Commander
April 1821 to September 1824 Muhammad Bey Defterdar,
Commander
September 1824 to May 1825 Osman Bey Jarkas,
Commander
May 1825 to March 1826 Mahu Bey Urfali,
Commander
March 1826 to 1835 Ali Khurshid Agha,
Governor
1835 to June 1838 Ali Khurshid Pasha,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
June 1838 to 6 October 1843 Ahmad Pasha abu Widan,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
1843 to 1845 Ahmad Pasha Manikli (Manliki),
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
1845 to 1850 Khalid Khusraw Pasha,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
1850 to January 1851 'Abd al-Latif Pasha,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
January 1851 to May 1852 Rustum Pasha Jarkas,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
May 1852 to 1853 Isma'il Haqqi Pasha abu Jabal,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
1853 to 1854 Salim Pasha Sa'ib al-Jaza'irli,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
July 1854 to November 1854 Ali Pasha Sirri al-Arna'ut,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
1854 to 1855 Ali Pasha Jarkas,
Governor
1856 to 1858 Arakil Bey al-Armani,
Governor
1859 to 1861 Hasan Bey Salama Jarkas,
Governor
1861 to 1862 Muhammad Rasikh Bey,
Governor
1862 to 1865 Mūsā Pasha Ḥamdī,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
1865 to November 1865 'Umar Bey Fakhri,
acting Hakimdar		 acting Governor-General
November 1865 to 1866 Ja'afar Pasha Sadiq,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
1866 to 5 February 1871 Ja'afar Pasha Mazhar,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
5 February 1871 to October 1872 Ahmad Mumtaz Pasha,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
October 1872 to 1872 Edhem Pasha al-Arifi at-Atqalawi,
acting Hakimdar		 acting Governor-General
1872 to 18 May 1877   Al-Zubayr Rahma Mansur,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
May 1877 to December 1879   Charles George Gordon ("Gordon Pasha"),
Hakimdar		 Governor-General, 1st time
December 1879 to February 1882   Muhammad Rauf Pasha,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
4 March 1882 to 11 May 1882   Carl Christian Giegler ("Giegler Pasha"),
acting Hakimdar		 acting Governor-General
May 1882 to March 1883 'Abd al-Qadir Pasha Hilmi,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
March 1883 to 5 November 1883 'Ala al-Din Pasha Siddiq,
Hakimdar		 Governor-General
February 1884 to 18 February 1884 Henry Watts Russell de Coetlogon,
acting Hakimdar		 acting Governor-General
18 February 1884 to 26 January 1885   Charles George Gordon ("Gordon Pasha"),
Hakimdar		 Governor-General, 2nd time; Killed at the end of the Siege of Khartoum
26 January 1885 to 2 October 1898 Territory of Turkish Sudan under complete control of Mahdiyah (Mahdist State)
Mahdist State
29 June 1881 to 22 June 1885   Muhammad Ahmad,
Mahdi		 Self-proclaimed Mahdi, Islamic Messiah
22 June 1885 to 2 September 1898   Abdallahi ibn Muhammad,
Khalifa		 Self-proclaimed Caliph, successor to Muhammad Ahmad; Defeated in the Battle of Omdurman, and later killed in the Battle of Umm Diwaykarat
British Military Administration
2 September 1898 to 19 January 1899   Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener,
Military Governor		 Simultaneously served as Sirdar
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (condominium)
19 January 1899 to 22 December 1899   Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener,
Governor-General		 Simultaneously served as Sirdar
22 December 1899 to 31 December 1916   Sir Francis Reginald Wingate,
Governor-General		 Simultaneously served as Sirdar
1 January 1917 to 20 November 1924   Sir Lee Oliver Fitzmaurice Stack,
Governor-General		 Simultaneously served as Sirdar; assassinated in Cairo[1]
21 November 1924 to 5 January 1925 Wasey Sterry [de],
acting Governor-General
5 January 1925 to 6 July 1926   Sir Geoffrey Francis Archer,
Governor-General		 The first civilian Governor-General[2]
31 October 1926 to 10 January 1934   Sir John Loader Maffey,
Governor-General
10 January 1934 to 19 October 1940   Sir George Stewart Symes,
Governor-General
19 October 1940 to 8 April 1947 Sir Hubert Jervoise Huddleston,
Governor-General
8 April 1947 to 29 March 1954 Sir Robert George Howe,
Governor-General
29 March 1954 to 12 December 1955   Sir Alexander Knox Helm,
Governor-General
12 December 1955 to 1 January 1956 Muhammad Ahmad Abu Rannat,
acting Governor-General		 Chief Justice of Sudan
1 January 1956 Independence as Republic of the Sudan

For continuation after independence, see: List of heads of state of Sudan

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "The Assassination of Sir Lee Stack". The Townsville Daily Bulletin. 24 November 2014. Retrieved 10 October 2020.
  2. ^ Ibrahim, Hassan Ahmed (2004). Sayyid ʻAbd al-Raḥmān al-Mahdī: a study of neo-Mahdīsm in the Sudan, 1899–1956. BRILL. p. 92. ISBN 90-04-13854-4.
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