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List of mountains in Oman

Although much of the country has a desert or semi-desert and relatively flat territory, Oman has mountains that include the Hajar Mountains (Arabic: جبال الحجر), located in the northeast of Oman and the far northeast of the United Arab Emirates. These mountains constitute the tallest mountain range in the eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula.

Oman topographic map
Oman - Jebel Shams Grand Canyon
View of Jabal Harim from the Green Valley
Jebel Qihwi. In the Ru'us al-Jabal Mountains, Musandam Peninsula, Oman
View of the top of Jabal Bil Ays - Jebel Jais and its southern slope
View of Jebel Hafeet

The highest peaks are found in the Jebel Akhdar Mountains (in Arabic: الجبل الأخض), mountain massif approximately 80 km (50 mi) long and 32 km (20 mi) wide, belonging to the Hajar Mountains,[1] which covers an area of 1,135 km2 (438 sq mi) located above 1,500 m (4,900 ft), of which, 410 km2 (160 sq mi) are located above 2,000 m (6,600 ft), and 30 km2 (12 sq mi) are above 2,500 m (8,200 ft).[2]

On the other hand, some of the most relevant peaks, although of lower altitude, are located on the border between Oman and the United Arab Emirates, since in some cases, their position was taken as a reference for the defining the border between the two countries.[3]

However, although a boundary agreement was signed and ratified in 2003, covering the entire border between Oman and the United Arab Emirates, including Oman's enclaves on the Musandam Peninsula and in Mahdah, the contents of the agreement have not yet been published, nor detailed maps showing the alignment,[4] despite the fact that some border markers and fences have already been placed on the ground. The future publication of these agreements and maps could make it necessary to modify the content of this annex.

This list includes the name and location of the summits located entirely within the territory of Oman, or at least with its summit located on the border line, regardless of its height. The list is open to new additions referring to mountains that meet these conditions, with a known name and position, and whose reference data is supported by historical maps or other reliable documentary sources.

The list only includes the mountains that, by an objective classification, can be considered as independent and individual mountains, as opposed to subsidiary mountains of a larger one, sub-summits or simple high points.

Many of these mountains are known by different names, the result of local tradition and of the various transcriptions from Arabic to English, so that an individual reference note includes the alternative names with which the mountain has been identified at some point, accompanied by their respective documentary sources.

The region is represented in different satellite images, mainly Google Earth, Google Satellite and Bing Satellite. The exact coordinates of each summit and its altitude, with respect to the sea level, have been established by comparing the OpenTopoMap and OpenMapTiles topographic maps with these images, treating each with the greatest objectivity and the same measurement criteria for all the summits. In some cases, direct recognition and location by GPS have also been used, or references have been checked against data provided by hikers and climbers in itineraries published online.

References provided by the prestigious geographic database of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency of the United States Department of Defense have also been taken into account.

In this version of the article, the values of prominence, nor topographic isolation, were not taken into account to give priority to the task of identifying toponyms and locating the summits.

Mountains of Oman

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Mountains of Oman
Name Notes and citations Order

Mountain range

Country Governorate / Emirate Altitude (m) Coordinates
Jebel Shams [a][2][5][6][7][8][9] 001 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 3,018 23°14′15.00″N 57°15′49.66″E / 23.2375000°N 57.2637944°E / 23.2375000; 57.2637944 (Jebel Shams)
Jebel Kawr (peak) [b][10][11][12][13] 002 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 2,730 23°08′19.4″N 57°00′50.7″E / 23.138722°N 57.014083°E / 23.138722; 57.014083 (Jebel Kawr (peak))
Qarn Wukan / Qarn Wakan [c][14][15] 003 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 2,498 23°07′57.2″N 57°43′13.5″E / 23.132556°N 57.720417°E / 23.132556; 57.720417 (Qarn Wukan / Qarn Wakan)
Jebel Qiyut [d][16] 004 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 2,382 23°09′09.7″N 57°27′58.2″E / 23.152694°N 57.466167°E / 23.152694; 57.466167 (Jebel Qiyut)
Qarn al Hammam [e][17] 005 Hajar Mountains   Oman Al Batinah South 2,344 23°16′21.2″N 57°47′15.1″E / 23.272556°N 57.787528°E / 23.272556; 57.787528 (Qarn al Hammam)
Jabal Khadar [f][18] 006 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ash Sharqiyah South 2,200 22°31′47.6″N 59°12′27.9″E / 22.529889°N 59.207750°E / 22.529889; 59.207750 (Jabal Khadar)
Qarn al Khuzar [g][19][20][21] 007 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 2,118 23°01′53.1″N 57°43′07.3″E / 23.031417°N 57.718694°E / 23.031417; 57.718694 (Qarn al Khuzar)
Jabal Misht [h][22][23][24][25] 008 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 2,090 23°15′26.0″N 56°59′57.3″E / 23.257222°N 56.999250°E / 23.257222; 56.999250 (Jabal Misht)
Jabal Al Harim [i][2][26][27][28][29][30][31] 009 Hajar Mountains   Oman Musandam 2,087 25°58′35.04″N 56°13′57.00″E / 25.9764000°N 56.2325000°E / 25.9764000; 56.2325000 (Jabal Al Harim)
Jabal Nakhal / Jabal Nakhl [j][32][33] 010 Hajar Mountains   Oman Al Batinah South 2,065 23°19′50.0″N 57°52′49.9″E / 23.330556°N 57.880528°E / 23.330556; 57.880528 (Jabal Nakhal / Jabal Nakhl)
Ra's ash Shayf [k][34][35][36] 011 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 2,029 23°01′53.9″N 57°40′45.2″E / 23.031639°N 57.679222°E / 23.031639; 57.679222 (Ra's ash Shayf)
Jabal Ghul [l][37][38] 012 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 1,982 23°07′38.7″N 57°08′51.7″E / 23.127417°N 57.147694°E / 23.127417; 57.147694 (Jabal Ghul)
Ra's al Kabul [m][39][40][41] 013 Hajar Mountains   Oman Al Batinah South 1,972 23°01′47.8″N 57°39′13.9″E / 23.029944°N 57.653861°E / 23.029944; 57.653861 (Ra's al Kabul)
Jabal al Jarū‘ [n][42] 014 Hajar Mountains   Oman Al Batinah South 1,928 23°13′18.8″N 57°28′48.6″E / 23.221889°N 57.480167°E / 23.221889; 57.480167 (Jabal al Jarū‘)
Jabal Bil Ays / Jebel Jais [o][2][27][43][44] 015 Hajar Mountains   Oman Musandam 1,911 25°57′12.3″N 56°11′03.5″E / 25.953417°N 56.184306°E / 25.953417; 56.184306 (Jabal Bil Ays / Jebel Jais)
Jebel Aswad (SE Muscat) [p][2][45][46] 016 Hajar Mountains   Oman Muscat 1,909 23°08′16.6″N 58°40′27.6″E / 23.137944°N 58.674333°E / 23.137944; 58.674333 (Jebel Aswad (SE Muscat))
Jabal Haymir [q][47] 017 Hajar Mountains   Oman Al Batinah South 1,815 23°16′35.6″N 57°39′57.3″E / 23.276556°N 57.665917°E / 23.276556; 57.665917 (Jabal Haymir)
Jabal Bani Jabr [r][2][48] 018 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ash Sharqiyah South 1,809 22°43′55.4″N 59°07′41.2″E / 22.732056°N 59.128111°E / 22.732056; 59.128111 (Jabal Bani Jabr)
Jabal as Sayh [s][49] 019 Hajar Mountains   Oman
  United Arab Emirates		 Musandam

  Ras Al Khaimah		 1,746 25°58′18.8″N 56°11′30″E / 25.971889°N 56.19167°E / 25.971889; 56.19167 (Jabal as Sayh)
Jebel Qihwi [t][27][50] 020 Hajar Mountains   Oman Musandam 1,735 25°44′35.78″N 56°12′36.35″E / 25.7432722°N 56.2100972°E / 25.7432722; 56.2100972 (Jebel Qihwi)
Jabal Hadaba [u][51][52] 021 Hajar Mountains   Oman
  United Arab Emirates		 Musandam

  Ras Al Khaimah		 1,712 26°01′08.4″N 56°10′56.2″E / 26.019000°N 56.182278°E / 26.019000; 56.182278 (Jabal Hadaba)
Jabal Tafif [v][53][54] 022 Hajar Mountains   Oman Musandam 1,598 25°43′40.3″N 56°10′09.2″E / 25.727861°N 56.169222°E / 25.727861; 56.169222 (Jabal Tafif)
Jabal Harf Tila [w][55][56][57][58] 023 Hajar Mountains   Oman
  United Arab Emirates		 Musandam

  Ras Al Khaimah		 1,568 25°41′21.4″N 56°09′30.6″E / 25.689278°N 56.158500°E / 25.689278; 56.158500 (Jabal Harf Tila)
Jabal Khanzur [x][59] 024 Hajar Mountains   Oman Musandam 1,560 25°56′53.1″N 56°12′32.2″E / 25.948083°N 56.208944°E / 25.948083; 56.208944 (Jabal Khanzur)
Jabal Yabana [y][2][27][60][61] 025 Hajar Mountains   Oman
  United Arab Emirates		 Musandam

  Ras Al Khaimah		 1,480 25°52′30.0″N 56°09′36.0″E / 25.875000°N 56.160000°E / 25.875000; 56.160000 (Jabal Yabana)
Jabal Haqab / Jabal Hagab [z][2][27][62] 026 Hajar Mountains   Oman Musandam 1,470 25°49′44.4″N 56°13′48.4″E / 25.829000°N 56.230111°E / 25.829000; 56.230111 (Jabal Haqab)
Jabal Bahar [aa][63][64] 027 Hajar Mountains   Oman Musandam 1,460 25°45′22.8″N 56°10′53.9″E / 25.756333°N 56.181639°E / 25.756333; 56.181639 (Jabal Bahar)
Al Jabal al Abyad [ab][65][66] 028 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 1,426 23°35′36.6″N 56°25′04.6″E / 23.593500°N 56.417944°E / 23.593500; 56.417944 (Al Jabal al Abyad)
Jabal Sham [ac][67] 029 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 1,420 23°52′23.0″N 56°32′52.0″E / 23.873056°N 56.547778°E / 23.873056; 56.547778 (Jabal Sham)
Jabal al Harah / Fine Peak [ad][68] 030 Hajar Mountains   Oman Musandam 1,365 26°06′00.0″N 56°10′33.2″E / 26.100000°N 56.175889°E / 26.100000; 56.175889 (Jabal al Harah)
Um Alnosoor / Jabal Hatta [ae][69][70][71][72] 031 Hajar Mountains   Oman
  United Arab Emirates		 Al Buraimi

  Dubai
  Sharjah		 1,280 24°44′35.8″N 56°04′53.1″E / 24.743278°N 56.081417°E / 24.743278; 56.081417 (Um Alnosoor)
Jabal Halat [af][73] 032 Hajar Mountains   Oman Ad Dakhiliyah 1,210 23°49′58.8″N 56°33′39.3″E / 23.833000°N 56.560917°E / 23.833000; 56.560917 (Jabal Halat)
Jebel Hafeet [ag][60][71][74][75] 033 Hajar Mountains   Oman
  United Arab Emirates		 Al Buraimi

  Abu Dhabi		 1,108 24°03′28.3″N 55°46′52.5″E / 24.057861°N 55.781250°E / 24.057861; 55.781250 (Jebel Hafeet)
Jabal Sumayni / Jebel Sumeini [ah][76][77] 034 Hajar Mountains   Oman Al Buraimi 1,056 24°42′12.1″N 55°55′02.9″E / 24.703361°N 55.917472°E / 24.703361; 55.917472 (Jabal Sumayni)
Jabal Bu Faraj [ai][3][60][78] 035 Hajar Mountains   Oman
  United Arab Emirates		 Al Buraimi

  Ras Al Khaimah		 889 24°52′15.92″N 56°03′43.06″E / 24.8710889°N 56.0619611°E / 24.8710889; 56.0619611 (Jabal Bu Faraj)

Notas

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  1. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal ash Shām, Jabal Sham, Wishām, Jabal Shams, Jabal ash Sham, Wisham, جبل شمس
  2. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal-al-Kor, Jabal Kaur, Jabal Kawr, Jabal al Kawr, Jebel Khaur, Jebel-al-Kor,Jebel Kaur, Jebel Kawr, Jebel al Kawr
  3. ^ Alternative Names: Qarn Wukān
  4. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Qayut, Jabal Qayūt, Jabal Qiyut,J abal Qiyūt, Jebel Qayūt
  5. ^ Alternative Names: Qarn al Ḩammām, قرن الحمام
  6. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Khadar, Jabal Khaḑar, jbl khdr, جبل خدر
  7. ^ Alternative Names: Qarn al Khuz̧ar, Qarn Khuz̧ar
  8. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Misht, Jebel Misht, Jabal Mishţ, jbl msht, جبل مشط
  9. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Harim, Jebal Al Harim, Jabal al Harim, Jabal al Ḩarīm, Jebal Harim, Jebel Harim, Jabal Ḥārim, Jabal Ḩārim, Jabal Ra'an al-Harim, Shaam Peak, Shuam Peak, jbl harm, جبل حارم
  10. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Nakhal, Jabal Nakhl, جبل نخل
  11. ^ Alternative Names: Ras ash Shayf
  12. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Ghūl, Jabal Ghul
  13. ^ Alternative Names: Ras al Kabūl, Ras al Kabul, Ras Kabul, Ra’s al Jabūl
  14. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal al Jaru`, Jabal al Jarū‘, جبل الجروع
  15. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Bal `Isa, Jabal Bal ‘Īsá, Jabal Bil `Ays, Jabal Bil `Isa, Jabal Bil ‘Ays, Jabal Bil ‘Īsá, Jabal Bu al `Ays, Jabal Bū al ‘Ays, Jabal Rawala, Jabal Rawla, Jabal Rawlah, جبل بل عيسى
  16. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Aswad.
  17. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Ḩaymar, Jabal Ḩaymir, Jabal Ḥaymur,جبل حيمر
  18. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Bani Jabir, Jabal Banī Jābir, Jebel Bani Jabir, Jebel Banī Jābir, jbl bny jabr, جبل بني جابر.
  19. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal as Sayh, Jabal as Sayḩ.
  20. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Kawa, Jabal Qa`wa, Jabal Qa`wah, Jabal Qa‘wa, Jabal Qa‘wah, Jabal Qihwi, Jebel Qihwi, Jebel Qa‘wah, Jabal Qa'wah, Jabal Qa'awah
  21. ^ Alternative Names: Jebel Hadaba.
  22. ^ Alternative Names: Jebel Tafif, Jabal Ţafīf, jbl tfyf
  23. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Harf Tila (major)
  24. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Khanzur, Jabal Khanzūr, jbl khnzwr, جبل خنزور
  25. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Yabana (major), Jabal Yabbānah, Jabal Yabana, Jabal Yabanah, Jabal Yabānah.
  26. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Hagab, Jabal Haqab, Jabal Haqb, Jabal Ḥaqb, Jabal Ḩaqab, jbl hqb, جبل حقب
  27. ^ Alternative Names: Jebel Bahar, Jabal Baḩr, Jabal Al Bahar
  28. ^ Alternative Names: Al Jabal al Abyad, Al Jabal al Abyaḍ, Al Jabal al Abyaḑ, Jabal Abyad, Jabal Abyaḑ, Jabal al Abyad, Jabal al Abyaḍ, Jabal al Abyaḑ, aljbl alabyd, jbl alabyd, الجبل الأبيض, جبل الأبيض
  29. ^ Alternative Names: Jebel Sham, Jabal Shām
  30. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal al Ḩārah, Jabal Fine, Ras al Ḩārah, Jabal al Harah, Jabal al Ḥārrah, Fine Peak
  31. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Hajarain, Jabal Ḩajarayn, Jabal Hajarayn, Jabal Ḩattá, Jabal Ḩaţţah, Jabal Hattah, Jabal Hatta, Um Alnosoor, Umm Alnosoor, Jabal Umm Nasur.
  32. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Hālāt, Jebel Halat
  33. ^ Alternative Names: Djabel Hafit, Djabel Ḩafīt, Jabal Hafi, Jabal Hafit, Jabal Ḥafī, Jabal Ḥafīt, Jabal Ḩafīt, jbl hfyt, جبل حفيت
  34. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Sumayni, Jabal Sumaynī, Jabal Sumeini, Jabal as Sumaini, Jabal as Sumayni, Jabal as Sumaynī, jbl alsmyny, جبل السّميني
  35. ^ Alternative Names: Jabal Bu Faraj, Jabal Abu Faraj, Jabal Bū Faraj, Jabal Bū Farāj.

Véase también

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Referencias

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  1. ^ https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/air/5/1284/n/39 Persian Gulf and Arabian Coast: mountains or mounds - Ref. AIR 5/1284 - PAGE 39 - The National Archives, London, England
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Tribulus - Volume 19 - 2011 - Journal of the Emirates Natural History Group - The Flora of the Ru'us al-Jibal -the Mountains of the Musandam Peninsula: An Annotated Checklist and Selected Observations - Gary R. Feulner - Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2011<https://enhg.org/Portals/1/trib/V19/TribulusV19.pdf>
  3. ^ a b "FO 371/132797 - Frontiers between Muscat and Trucial States- 1958 - The National Archives, London, England". Arabian Gulf Digital Archives. Retrieved 2023-05-13.
  4. ^ "The World Factbook". CIA.gov. Retrieved 2023-05-08.
  5. ^ https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/air/5/1284/n/55 Persian Gulf and Arabian Coast: mountains or mounds - Ref. AIR 5/1284 - PAGE 55 - The National Archives, London, England
  6. ^ www.geoview.info - Jabal Shams
  7. ^ https://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=13231 www.peakbagger.com - Jebel Shams, Oman
  8. ^ Trekking path to the southern summit of Jabal Shams from ‘The Plateau’ - Ministry of Tourism <https://web.archive.org/web/20130309194328/http://www.omantourism.gov.om/wps/wcm/connect/ac5623804470a00db4dabfbf0c53e49e/trekking+routs3.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CONVERT_TO=url&CACHEID=ac5623804470a00db4dabfbf0c53e49e]
  9. ^ https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/air/5/1284/n/55 Persian Gulf and Arabian Coast: mountains or mounds - Ref. AIR 5/1284 - 1936 - The National Archives, London, England
  10. ^ "Peakbagger - Jebel Kawr, Oman". peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  11. ^ https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/air/5/1284/n/35 Persian Gulf and Arabian Coast: mountains or mounds - Ref. AIR 5/1284 - 1936 - The National Archives, London, England
  12. ^ https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/fo/371/162864/n/53 Sultan's Armed Forces - Ref. FO 371/162864 - 1962 - The National Archives, London, England
  13. ^ https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/fo/464/33/n/115 Arabia: arbitration concerning Buraimi and the common frontier between Abu Dhabi and Saudi Arabia; memorial submitted by the UK Government, volume 2, annexes - Ref. FO 464/33 - 1955 - The National Archives, London, England
  14. ^ "Qarn Wukān". Peakvisor. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  15. ^ "Qarn Wukān GNS:id 14497623". National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  16. ^ www.peakbagger.com - Jebel Qiyut, Oman
  17. ^ "Qarn al Ḩammām". om.geoview.info. Retrieved 2024-06-02.
  18. ^ "Jabal Khadar, Ash Sharqiyah South, Oman". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  19. ^ "Qarn al Khuzar". Peakvisor. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  20. ^ "Qarn al Khuz̧ar GNS:id -787743". National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  21. ^ "Qarn al Khuz̧ar". om.geoview.info. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  22. ^ "Jabal Mishţ GNS:id -788076". National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  23. ^ "Jabal Mishţ, Muḩāfaz̧at ad Dākhilīyah, Oman". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
  24. ^ www.peakbagger.com - Jebel Misht, Oman
  25. ^ "Jebel Misht, Oman / جبل مشط - anton_hkng|". www.wikiloc.com. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
  26. ^ "Mindat - Jabal Ḩārim". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2023-05-30.
  27. ^ a b c d e "FCO 18/1863 - Map of Trucial States, Muscat and Oman - Rams - Scale 1:100 000 - Published by D Survey, Ministry of Defence, United Kingdom (1971) - Edition 3-GSGS - The National Archives, London, England". Arabian Gulf Digital Archives. Retrieved 2023-05-08.
  28. ^ www.peakbagger.com - Jebel al Harim, Oman
  29. ^ Lancaster, William; Lancaster, Fidelity (July 2011). Honour is in Contentment: Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110223408.
  30. ^ https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/air/5/1284/n/26 Persian Gulf and Arabian Coast: mountains or mounds - Ref. AIR 5/1284 - 1936 - The National Archives, London, England
  31. ^ "FCO 18/1897 Map Boundaries of the Northern Trucial States (1963) - The National Archives, London, England". Arabian Gulf Digital Archives. Retrieved 2023-05-08.
  32. ^ https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/air/5/1284/n/43 Persian Gulf and Arabian Coast: mountains or mounds - Ref. AIR 5/1284 - PAGE 43 - The National Archives, London, England
  33. ^ "Geoview - Jabal Nakhl". geoview.info. Retrieved 2024-06-02.
  34. ^ "Ras ash Shayf". Peakvisor. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  35. ^ "Ra's ash Shayf GNS:id -788857". National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  36. ^ "Ra's ash Shayf". om.geoview.info. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  37. ^ "Geoview - Jabal Ghūl". geoview.info. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  38. ^ "Peakbagger - Jabal Ghul, Oman". peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  39. ^ "Ras al Kabul". Peakvisor. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  40. ^ "Ra's al Jabūl GNS:id -787560". National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  41. ^ "Ra's al Kabūl". om.geoview.info. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  42. ^ "Mindat - Jabal al Jarū', Al Batinah South Governorate, Oman". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  43. ^ "Mindat - Jabal Bil 'Ays, United Arab Emirates". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  44. ^ "Peakbagger - Jabal Bil Ays, Oman". peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  45. ^ "Jabal Aswad". om.geoview.info. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  46. ^ Journal of Arid Environments - ELSEVIER - Vegetation patterns and diversity along an altitudinal and a grazing gradient in the Jabal al Akhdar mountain range of northern Oman - Katja Brinkmann, Annette Patzelt, Uta Dickhoefer, Eva Schlecht, Andreas Buerkert - 2008<http://w.sulama.de/documents/publications/Brinkmann_2009.pdf>
  47. ^ "Geoview - Jabal Ḩaymir". geoview.info. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
  48. ^ "Jabal Banī Jābir, Ash Sharqiyah South, Oman". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2024-05-06.
  49. ^ "Mindat - Jabal as Sayḩ". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2023-05-08.
  50. ^ "Jebel Qihwi - Western Route - Wadi Niqab - Ben Robbins|". www.wikiloc.com. Retrieved 2024-05-20.
  51. ^ FCO 18/1920 - 1962 - Boundaries of the Northern Trucial States: prepared and drawn from sketch maps and information supplied by Julian Walker; preliminary edition<https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/fco/18/1920>
  52. ^ FCO 18/1932 - 1958 - Sketch map drawn by Julian Walker for boundary delimitation: Ras Al Khaimah<https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/fco/18/1932>
  53. ^ FCO 18/1969 - 1959 - Sketch map drawn by Julian Walker for boundary delimitation: Dibba - The National Archives, London, England <https://www.agda.ae/en/catalogue/tna/fco/18/1969>
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  56. ^ "Water supply - Ref. FO 371/163058 - 1962 - The National Archives, London, England". Arabian Gulf Digital Archives. Retrieved 2024-06-09.
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  58. ^ "Wadi Taween to Wadi Naqab via Jebel Half Tila". Wikiloc - Rutas del Mundo. Retrieved 2023-05-08.
  59. ^ "Mindat - Jabal Khanzūr, Musandam, Oman". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2024-06-06.
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  67. ^ "Mindat - Jabal Shām, Az̧ Z̧āhirah, Oman". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2023-06-05.
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  78. ^ "Mindat - Jabal Bu Faraj". Mindat.org. Retrieved 2023-05-13.


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