This is a list of flags used in Haiti. For more information about the national flag, visit the article Flag of Haiti.
National flag
edit| Flag | Date | Use | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1625-1790 | Flag of Saint-Domingue | The crown represents the Kingdom of France. | |
| 1791-1798 | Flag of Saint-Domingue | Marquis de Caradeu, with supposed powers from the French Assembly, established his power in the island. His flag was "used for all the nation." | |
| 1798-1803 | Flag of Saint-Domingue | The tricolour flag of the French First Republic was adopted in 1798 by Toussaint Louverture after the French Revolution.[1] | |
| 1803 | Revolutionary flag of Saint-Domingue | Jean-Jacques Dessalines, chief of the black rebels, and Alexandre Pétion, leader of the mulattoes, decide in 1803 to stop fighting alongside the French. On May 18, 1803, Dessalines removes the white band from the French flag and has his relative, Catherine Flon, sew together the blue and red bands together to form the first Haitian flag symbolizing the alliance between the blacks and mulattoes. Dessalines orders that the words Liberté ou la mort (Freedom or death), be inscribed on the flag.[1][2] | |
| 1804 | The first flag of the Republic. The generals of the revolution decided to change the flag so that the bands are horizontal.[1] | ||
| 1804-1806 | Flag of the First Empire of Haiti. | Flag of the First Empire, used by Jean-Jacques Dessalines who proclaimed himself Emperor under the name of Jacques I. He adopted a new flag on 20 May 1805: the blue band was changed to black to symbolize death (black) and freedom (red).[1][3] | |
| 1806-1811 | Flag of the State of Haiti | Flag of the Northern State, used by President Henri Christophe, who adopted the bicolors from the flag of the Haitian Revolution.[1][3] | |
| 1811–1814 | Flag of the Kingdom of Haiti | ||
| 1814–1820 | Flag of the Kingdom of Haiti | Flag of the Northern Kingdom, used by Henri Christophe, who proclaimed himself King, under the name of Henri I, who maintained the imperial flag of Dessalines inverting colors of red in the hoist and black in the fly with, in the center, adding a shield with a phoenix under five five-pointed stars, all in gold on a blue background; the shield bore a crown and the Latin inscription, Ex Cinerebus Nascitur.[1][3] | |
| 1820-1849, 1859-1964 |
Flag of the Unification of Hispaniola and Flag of the First Haitian Republic (1859–1964). | The bicolour flag of 1804, reverted to use by Alexandre Pétion to represent the Republic, while also adopting the coat of arms at the center with the inscription, L'union fait la force (unity makes strength).[1][4] | |
| 1849–1859 | Flag of the Second Empire of Haiti | An attempt to restore the black and red flag which was made in 1844 failed. In 1847, Faustin Soulouque was elected president and in 1849 he proclaimed himself Emperor under the name of Faustin I, who kept the blue and red band, but changed the coat of arms with his own in representation of his monarch rule.[1][3] | |
| 1964–1986 | Flag of Haiti used by the Duvaliers | The new constitution under Duvalier returns to the black and red flag first used by Dessalines, although the coat of arms remains but with color modifications instead of the blue, with black.[1] | |
| 1986–Present | Flag of Haiti | See previous flag. |
Civil flags
edit| Flag | Date | Use | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1820-1964, 1986-Present |
Civil flag. | ||
| 1964-1986 | Civil flag. |
Military flags
edit| Flag | Date | Use | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Haitian Coast Guard ensign | Coast guard ensign based on Haitian colors with Haitian Coast Guard emblem in the canton.[5] |
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Flag and Coat of Arms". Archived from the original on 26 April 2014. Retrieved 25 April 2014.
- ^ "A Flag history of Haiti". Retrieved 25 April 2014.
- ^ a b c d "Haiti - Historical Flags". Retrieved 25 April 2014.
- ^ "The Republic of Haiti". 20 February 2010. Retrieved 4 June 2014.
- ^ "Haiti - Flags for use at sea". fotw.info. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
External links
edit- Fombrun, Odette Roy, ed. (2009). History of The Haitian Flag of Independence (PDF). The Flag Heritage Foundation Monograph And Translation Series Publication No. 3. p. 13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2015.
- Cahoon, Ben M. (ed.). "Haiti". Worldsstatesmen.
- de Vries, Hubert, ed. (1 June 2009). "Haiti - L'Union Fait La Force". Hubert Herald.
- The Armorial of Haiti: Symbols of Nobility in the Reign of Henry Christophe
- République d'Haïti