The Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The seat of the Assembly is at Shimla, the capital of the state. There are 68 Members of Legislative Assembly, all directly elected from single-seat constituencies.[4] Its term is 5 years, unless sooner dissolved.
Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly | |
|---|---|
| 14th Himachal Pradesh Assembly | |
 | |
| Type | |
| Type | |
Term limits | 5 years |
| Leadership | |
Deputy Speaker | |
Leader of the House (Chief Minister) | |
Deputy Leader of the House (Deputy Chief Minister) | |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 68 |
 | |
Political groups | Government (40)
Official Opposition (28) |
| Elections | |
| First past the post | |
Last election | 12 November 2022 |
Next election | 2027 |
| Meeting place | |
| Vidhan Bhavan, Shimla | |
| Vidhan Bhavan, Dharamshala (Winter session) | |
| Website | |
| https://hpvidhansabha.nic.in/ | |
History
Himachal Pradesh was the first state in India to launch a paperless legislative assembly.[5][6]
List of assemblies
| Election year | Assembly | Ruling party | Chief Minister | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1952–1957 | Legislative Assembly of Part-C State of Himachal Pradesh | Indian National Congress | Yashwant Singh Parmar | INC: 24; IND: 8; KMPP: 3; SCF:1
Total: 36 | |
| 1957–1962 | Territorial Council | Indian National Congress | Thakur Karam Singh | ||
| 1962–1967 | First Assembly | Indian National Congress | Yashwant Singh Parmar (2) | ||
| 1967–1972 | Second Assembly | Indian National Congress | Yashwant Singh Parmar (3) | INC: 34; IND: 16; ABJS: 7; CPI(M): 2; SP:1
Total: 60 | |
| 1972–1977 | Third Assembly | Indian National Congress | Yashwant Singh Parmar (4) | INC: 53; IND: 7; ABJS: 5; LRP: 2; CPI(M): 1; SP:1
Total: 68 | |
| 1977–1982 | Fourth Assembly | Janata Party | Shanta Kumar | JP: 53; INC: 9; IND: 6
Total: 68 | |
| 1982–1985 | Fifth Assembly | Indian National Congress | Thakur Ram Lal | INC: 31; BJP: 29; IND: 6; JP: 3
Total: 68 | |
| Virbhadra Singh | |||||
| 1985–1990 | Sixth Assembly | Indian National Congress | Virbhadra Singh (2) | INC: 58; BJP: 7; IND: 2; LD: 1
Total: 68 | |
| 1990–1992 | Seventh Assembly | Bharatiya Janata Party | Shanta Kumar (2) | BJP: 46; JD: 1; INC: 9; IND: 1; CPI(M): 1
Total: 68 | |
| 1993–1998 | Eighth Assembly | Indian National Congress | Virbhadra Singh (3) | INC: 52; BJP: 8; IND: 7; CPI(M): 1
Total: 68 | |
| 1998–2003 | Ninth Assembly | Bharatiya Janata Party | Prem Kumar Dhumal | BJP: 31; INC: 31; HVC:5; IND:1
Total: 68 | |
| 2003–2007 | Tenth Assembly | Indian National Congress | Virbhadra Singh (4) | INC: 43; BJP: 16; IND: 6; HVC: 1; LJP: 1; LMHP: 1
Total: 68 | |
| 2007–2012 | Eleventh Assembly | Bharatiya Janata Party | Prem Kumar Dhumal (2) | BJP:41; INC: 23; IND: 3; BSP:1
Total: 68 | |
| 2012–2017 | Twelfth Assembly | Indian National Congress | Virbhadra Singh (5) | INC: 36; BJP: 26; IND:6
Total: 68 | |
| 2017–2022 | Thirteenth Assembly | Bharatiya Janata Party | Jai Ram Thakur | BJP: 44; INC: 21; IND: 2; CPI(M):1
Total: 68 | |
| 2022– | Fourteenth Assembly | Indian National Congress | Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu | INC: 40; BJP: 28
Total: 68 | |
Members of Legislative Assembly
List of speakers and deputy speakers
List of speakers
| List of speakers of Himachal Pradesh (1963–71)
(union territory with legislature) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of Assembly & its period | Date of its first sitting | Speaker | Time period | |
| From | To | |||
| 1st
(Territorial Council) |
3 October 1963 | Desh Raj Mahajan | 4 October 1963 | 18 March 1967 |
| 2nd | 18 March 1967 | Desh Raj Mahajan | 20 March 1967 | 19 March 1972 |
| List of speakers of Himachal Pradesh (1971–present)
(state) | ||||
| 3rd | 27 March 1972 | Kultar Chand Rana | 28 March 1972 | 9 June 1977 |
| 4th | 29 June 1977 | Sarvan Kumar | 30 June 1977 | 18 April 1979 |
| T.S. Negi | 8 May 1979 | 21 June 1982 | ||
| 5th | 21 June 1982 | T.S. Negi | 22 June 1982 | 14 September 1984 |
| 6th | 11 March 1985 | Vidya Stokes | 11 March 1985 | 19 March 1990 |
| 7th | 21 March 1990 | Radha Raman Shastri | 21 March 1990 | 17 August 1990 |
| T.S. Negi | 20 August 1990 | 14 December 1993 | ||
| 8th | 15 December 1993 | Kaul Singh Thakur | 15 December 1993 | 12 March 1998 |
| 9th | 12 March 1998 | Gulab Singh Thakur | 30 March 1998 | 7 March 2003 |
| 10th | 10 March 2003 | G.R. Mussafir | 10 March 2003 | 4 January 2007 |
| 11th | 11 January 2007 | Tulsi Ram | 11 January 2007 | 9 January 2013 |
| 12th | 9 January 2013 | Brij Behari Lal Butail | 9 January 2013 | 10 January 2018 |
| 13th | 10 January 2018 | Rajeev Bindal | 10 January 2018 | 26 February 2020 |
| Vipin Singh Parmar | 26 February 2020 | 10 December 2022 | ||
| 14th | 19 December 2022 | Kuldeep Singh Pathania | 5 January 2023 | Incumbent |
List of deputy speakers
| List of deputy speakers of Himachal Pradesh (1963–71)
(union yerritory with legislature) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of Assembly & its period | Date of its first sitting | Deputy Speaker | Time period | |
| From | To | |||
| 1st
(Territorial Council) |
3 October 1963 | Tapendra Singh | 17 October 1963 | 12 January 1967 |
| 2nd | 18 March 1967 | Amin Chand | 29 March 1967 | 17 March 1972 |
| List of deputy speakers of Himachal Pradesh (1971–present)
(state) | ||||
| 3rd | 27 March 1972 | Lekh Ram Thakur | 30 March 1972 | 21 April 1977 |
| 4th | 29 June 1977 | Ranjit Singh Verma | 4 July 1977 | 9 May 1977 |
| 5th | 21 June 1982 | Vijay Kumar Joshi | 29 June 1982 | 23 January 1985 |
| 6th | 11 March 1985 | Dev Raj Negi | 7 March 1986 | 16 March 1989 |
| 7th | 21 March 1990 | Ram Nath Sharma | 29 March 1989 | 3 March 1990 |
| Rikhi Ram
Kaundalh |
17 August 1990 | 15 December 1992 | ||
| 8th | 15 December 1993 | Kuldip Kumar | 17 December 1993 | 18 October 1995 |
| Ishwar Dass | 31 October 1995 | 23December1997 | ||
| 9th | 12 March 1998 | Ram Dass Malanger | 20 August 1999 | 28 January 2003 |
| 10th | 10 March 2003 | Dharam Pal Thakur | 27 March 2003 | 30 December 2007 |
| 11th | 11 January 2007 | Vacant | ||
| 12th | 9 January 2013 | Jagat Singh Negi | 12 March 2013 | 21 December 2017 |
| 13th | 10 January 2018 | Hans Raj | 10 January 2018 | 10 December 2022 |
| 14th | 19 December 2022 | Vinay Kumar | 19 December 2023 | |
List of Leaders of the House
Representation of chief ministers by party
Office abolished/President's Rule (12.73%)
Indian National Congress (61.66%)
Janata Party (5.74%)
Bharatiya Janata Party (19.88%)
The Chief Commissioner's Province of Himachal Pradesh was formed on 15 April 1948 through the integration of 30 erstwhile princely-states. In 1951, Himachal Pradejsh become a Part C state, under the Government of Part C State, 1951 and was brought under a lieutenant governor with 36-member Legislative Assembly. First elections to the Assembly were held in 1952.[12] The Indian National Congress won 24 seats to form a government under Yashwant Singh Parmar.
In 1954, Bilaspur, another part-C State, was merged with Himachal Pradesh. In 1956 it was made a Union Territory and was placed under a lieutenant governor with a Territorial Council with limited powers.[13]
| List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh (1951–56)
(Part 'C' State) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No[a] | Portrait | Name | Constituency | Term of office | Assembly
(election) |
Party[b] | |||
| From | To | Days in office | |||||||
| 1 | Yashwant Singh Parmar | Pachhad | 8 March 1952 | 31 October 1956 | 4 years, 237 days | Legislative
Assembly |
Indian | ||
| Office abolished, 1956–63
(Himachal Pradesh became a Union Territory) | |||||||||
In 1963, Himachal Pradesh though being a Union Territory was provided with a Legislative Assembly. The Territorial Council was converted into the Legislative Assembly of the Union Territory. The assembly has its first sitting on 1 October 1971.[12] On 18 December 1970, the State of Himachal Pradesh Act was passed by Parliament and the new state came into being on 25 January 1971. Thus Himachal Pradesh emerged as the 18th state of Indian Union.[14]
| List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh (1963–71)
(Union Territory with Legislature) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No[a] | Portrait | Name | Constituency | Term of office | Assembly
(election) |
Party[c] | |||
| From | To | Days in office | |||||||
| (1) | Yashwant Singh Parmar | Shri Renukaji | 1 July 1963 | 4 March 1967 | 7 years, 208 days | 1st
(Territorial Council) |
Indian National Congress | ||
| 4 March 1967 | 25 January 1971 | 2nd | |||||||
| List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh (1971–present)
(State) | |||||||||
| (1) | Yashwant Singh Parmar | Shri Renukaji | 25 January 1971 | 10 March 1972 | 6 years, 3 days | 2nd | Indian National Congress | ||
| 10 March 1972 | 28 January 1977 | 3rd | |||||||
| 2 | Thakur Ram Lal | Jubbal-Kotkhai | 28 January 1977 | 30 April 1977 | 92 days | ||||
| – | Vacant[d] (President's rule) |
N/A | 30 April 1977 | 22 June 1977 | 53 days | Dissolved | N/A | ||
| 3 | Shanta Kumar | Sullah | 22 June 1977 | 14 February 1980 | 2 years, 237 days | 4th | Janata Party | ||
| (2) | Thakur Ram Lal | Jubbal-Kotkhai | 14 February 1980 | 15 June 1982 | 3 years, 53 days | Indian National Congress | |||
| 15 June 1982 | 8 April 1983 | 5th | |||||||
| 4 | Virbhadra Singh | Jubbal-Kotkhai | 8 April 1983 | 8 March 1985 | 6 years, 331 days | ||||
| 8 March 1985 | 5 March 1990 | 6th | |||||||
| (3) | Shanta Kumar | Palampur | 5 March 1990 | 15 December 1992 | 2 years, 285 days | 7th | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
| – | Vacant[d] (President's rule) |
N/A | 15 December 1992 | 3 December 1993 | 353 days | Dissolved | N/A | ||
| (4) | Virbhadra Singh | Rohru | 3 December 1993 | 24 March 1998 | 4 years, 111 days | 8th | Indian National Congress | ||
| 5 | Prem Kumar Dhumal | Bamsan | 24 March 1998 | 6 March 2003 | 4 years, 347 days | 9th | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
| (4) | Virbhadra Singh | Rohru | 6 March 2003 | 30 December 2007 | 4 years, 299 days | 10th | Indian National Congress | ||
| (5) | Prem Kumar Dhumal | Bamsan | 30 December 2007 | 25 December 2012 | 4 years, 361 days | 11th | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
| (4) | Virbhadra Singh | Shimla Rural | 25 December 2012 | 27 December 2017 | 5 years, 2 days | 12th | Indian National Congress | ||
| 6 | Jai Ram Thakur | Seraj | 27 December 2017 | 11 December 2022 | 4 years, 349 days | 13th | Bharatiya Janata Party | ||
| 7 | Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu | Nadaun | 11 December 2022 | incumbent | 1 year, 352 days | 14th | Indian National Congress | ||
List of Leaders of Opposition
See also
Notes
- ^ a b A number inside brackets indicates that the incumbent has previously held office.
- ^ This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he headed may have been a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.
- ^ This column only names the chief minister's party. The state government he headed may have been a complex coalition of several parties and independents; these are not listed here.
- ^ a b President's rule may be imposed when the "government in a state is not able to function as per the Constitution", which often happens because no party or coalition has a majority in the assembly. When President's rule is in force in a state, its council of ministers stands dissolved. The office of chief minister thus lies vacant, and the administration is taken over by the governor, who functions on behalf of the central government. At times, the legislative assembly also stands dissolved.[15]
References
- ^ "Kuldeep Singh Pathania became Speaker of Himachal Pradesh Legislative assembly". The Hindu. 5 January 2023. Archived from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ "Himachal Pradesh by-poll result: Congress wins 2 seats, BJP bags 1". The Times of India.
- ^ "Himachal Pradesh by-poll result: Congress wins 2 seats, BJP bags 1". The Times of India.
- ^ "Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly". Legislative Bodies in India website. Archived from the original on 25 March 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
- ^ "India gets its first paperless as Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly also known as e-Vidhan". theindianexpress.com. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
- ^ "India's first digital or e-vidhansabha assembly in Himachal Pradesh". Amar Ujala (in Hindi). Archived from the original on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 24 April 2021.
- ^ "More trouble for Congress in Himachal Pradesh? 3 Independent MLAs resign, set to join BJP". Times of India. 22 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f "6 Himachal Congress MLAs, Who Cross-Voted In Rajya Sabha Polls, Disqualified". NDTV. Retrieved 28 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f "Himachal Assembly bypoll results 2024: Congress wins 4 of 6 seats in Himachal Assembly bypolls, MLA strength reaches 38". The Hindu. PTI. 4 June 2024. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
- ^ "More trouble for Congress in Himachal Pradesh? 3 Independent MLAs resign, set to join BJP". Times of India. 22 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
- ^ "More trouble for Congress in Himachal Pradesh? 3 Independent MLAs resign, set to join BJP". Times of India. 22 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
- ^ a b "HP Vidhan Sabha".
- ^ "Himachal Legislative Assembly". legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
- ^ "Himachal Pradesh NIC".
- ^ Amberish K. Diwanji. "A dummy's guide to President's rule". Rediff.com. 15 March 2005. Retrieved on 3 March 2013.
- Himachal Pradesh Election Results Archived 9 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine