Crawford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,679.[1] Its county seat is Robinson.[2]
Crawford County | |
|---|---|
 Crawford County Courthouse in Robinson | |
 Location within the U.S. state of Illinois | |
 Illinois's location within the U.S. | |
| Coordinates: 39°00′N 87°46′W / 39°N 87.76°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Illinois |
| Founded | 1816 |
| Named for | William H. Crawford |
| Seat | Robinson |
| Largest city | Robinson |
| Area | |
• Total | 446 sq mi (1,160 km2) |
| • Land | 444 sq mi (1,150 km2) |
| • Water | 2.2 sq mi (6 km2) 0.5% |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 18,679 |
| • Density | 42/sq mi (16/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| Congressional district | 12th |
| Website | crawfordcountyil |
History
editCrawford County was formed in the Illinois Territory on December 31, 1816, out of Edwards County. At the time of its formation, it encompassed about one third of the territory, but it was reduced to its present borders by 1831 as it spawned new counties. It was named in honor of William H. Crawford,[3] from Georgia, who was serving as Secretary of War and Secretary of the Treasury at the time. Crawford County was home to several battles between the settlers and Indians, and also the location of the only woman ever hanged in Illinois.
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Crawford County when it was created in 1816, extending north to Lake Superior.
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Crawford County between 1819 and 1821
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Crawford between 1821 and 1824
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Crawford between 1824 and 1831
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In 1831, the creation of Jasper and Effingham Counties reduced Crawford to its current size.
In 1818, the town of Palestine was designated as the county seat. After elections in 1843, a new site was chosen, which would become the town of Robinson.[4]
Geography
editAccording to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 446 square miles (1,160 km2), of which 444 square miles (1,150 km2) is land and 2.2 square miles (5.7 km2) (0.5%) is water.[5] Some of the county's eastern border is defined by the Wabash River.
Climate and weather
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In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Robinson have ranged from a low of 21 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 89 °F (32 °C) in July, although a record low of −23 °F (−31 °C) was recorded in December 1989 and a record high of 114 °F (46 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.45 inches (62 mm) in January to 4.67 inches (119 mm) in May.[6]
Adjacent counties
edit- Clark County - north
- Sullivan County, Indiana - east
- Knox County, Indiana - southeast
- Lawrence County - south
- Richland County - southwest
- Jasper County - west
Transit
editMajor highways
editDemographics
edit| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1820 | 3,022 | — | |
| 1830 | 3,117 | 3.1% | |
| 1840 | 4,422 | 41.9% | |
| 1850 | 7,135 | 61.4% | |
| 1860 | 11,551 | 61.9% | |
| 1870 | 13,889 | 20.2% | |
| 1880 | 16,197 | 16.6% | |
| 1890 | 17,283 | 6.7% | |
| 1900 | 19,240 | 11.3% | |
| 1910 | 26,281 | 36.6% | |
| 1920 | 22,771 | −13.4% | |
| 1930 | 21,085 | −7.4% | |
| 1940 | 21,294 | 1.0% | |
| 1950 | 21,137 | −0.7% | |
| 1960 | 20,751 | −1.8% | |
| 1970 | 19,824 | −4.5% | |
| 1980 | 20,818 | 5.0% | |
| 1990 | 19,464 | −6.5% | |
| 2000 | 20,452 | 5.1% | |
| 2010 | 19,817 | −3.1% | |
| 2020 | 18,679 | −5.7% | |
| 2023 (est.) | 18,300 | [7] | −2.0% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[8] 1790-1960[9] 1900-1990[10] 1990-2000[11] 2010[12] | |||
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 19,817 people, 7,763 households, and 5,154 families living in the county.[13] The population density was 44.7 inhabitants per square mile (17.3/km2). There were 8,661 housing units at an average density of 19.5 per square mile (7.5/km2).[5] The racial makeup of the county was 92.8% white, 4.7% black or African American, 0.5% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.8% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.8% of the population.[13] In terms of ancestry, 25.0% were German, 14.4% were American, 12.4% were Irish, and 9.9% were English.[14]
Of the 7,763 households, 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.6% were non-families, and 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.88. The median age was 41.7 years.[13]
The median income for a household in the county was $41,434 and the median income for a family was $51,218. Males had a median income of $40,050 versus $30,870 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,545. About 11.1% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.0% of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.[15]
Communities
editCities
edit- Robinson (seat)
Villages
editCensus-designated places
editTownships
editCrawford County is divided into ten townships:
Unincorporated Communities
editPolitics
editAlthough Crawford County was solidly Democratic before the Populist-backed candidacy of William Jennings Bryan in 1896, it has since become strongly Republican. The last Democrat to gain a majority in the county was Lyndon Johnson in his 1964 landslide, although Bill Clinton won a plurality in 1992. Like all the rural Upland South, Crawford County has shown dramatic swings against the Democratic Party in recent elections, with Hillary Clinton’s 22.8 percent in 2016 the worst performance ever by a Democrat.
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 2020 | 7,043 | 74.60% | 2,202 | 23.32% | 196 | 2.08% |
| 2016 | 6,277 | 71.83% | 1,992 | 22.79% | 470 | 5.38% |
| 2012 | 5,585 | 64.69% | 2,858 | 33.11% | 190 | 2.20% |
| 2008 | 5,070 | 55.39% | 3,883 | 42.42% | 200 | 2.19% |
| 2004 | 6,083 | 65.18% | 3,194 | 34.23% | 55 | 0.59% |
| 2000 | 4,974 | 58.52% | 3,333 | 39.21% | 193 | 2.27% |
| 1996 | 3,965 | 45.61% | 3,627 | 41.72% | 1,101 | 12.67% |
| 1992 | 3,606 | 37.29% | 3,964 | 40.99% | 2,101 | 21.72% |
| 1988 | 4,951 | 57.76% | 3,555 | 41.48% | 65 | 0.76% |
| 1984 | 6,261 | 66.44% | 3,130 | 33.21% | 33 | 0.35% |
| 1980 | 5,894 | 60.70% | 3,372 | 34.73% | 444 | 4.57% |
| 1976 | 5,522 | 51.99% | 5,007 | 47.14% | 93 | 0.88% |
| 1972 | 6,568 | 65.32% | 3,477 | 34.58% | 10 | 0.10% |
| 1968 | 5,870 | 58.13% | 3,383 | 33.50% | 845 | 8.37% |
| 1964 | 4,834 | 46.22% | 5,624 | 53.78% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 6,809 | 61.58% | 4,245 | 38.39% | 4 | 0.04% |
| 1956 | 6,747 | 63.28% | 3,906 | 36.63% | 9 | 0.08% |
| 1952 | 6,768 | 63.11% | 3,947 | 36.81% | 9 | 0.08% |
| 1948 | 5,111 | 54.58% | 4,150 | 44.32% | 103 | 1.10% |
| 1944 | 6,056 | 57.04% | 4,482 | 42.22% | 79 | 0.74% |
| 1940 | 7,036 | 54.95% | 5,703 | 44.54% | 66 | 0.52% |
| 1936 | 5,823 | 48.13% | 6,164 | 50.95% | 112 | 0.93% |
| 1932 | 4,550 | 42.13% | 6,081 | 56.31% | 169 | 1.56% |
| 1928 | 5,989 | 62.90% | 3,495 | 36.70% | 38 | 0.40% |
| 1924 | 4,830 | 51.25% | 4,223 | 44.81% | 372 | 3.95% |
| 1920 | 5,188 | 55.02% | 4,092 | 43.39% | 150 | 1.59% |
| 1916 | 5,084 | 46.28% | 5,570 | 50.71% | 331 | 3.01% |
| 1912 | 1,266 | 22.30% | 2,691 | 47.41% | 1,719 | 30.29% |
| 1908 | 3,090 | 49.42% | 2,890 | 46.23% | 272 | 4.35% |
| 1904 | 2,296 | 51.85% | 1,850 | 41.78% | 282 | 6.37% |
| 1900 | 2,301 | 49.11% | 2,299 | 49.07% | 85 | 1.81% |
| 1896 | 2,172 | 47.66% | 2,342 | 51.39% | 43 | 0.94% |
| 1892 | 1,790 | 45.44% | 1,875 | 47.60% | 274 | 6.96% |
See also
editSources
edit- Perrin, William Henry, ed.. History of Crawford and Clark Counties, Illinois Chicago, Illinois. O. L. Baskin & Co. (1883).
References
edit- Specific
- ^ "Crawford County, Illinois". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp. 95.
- ^ Perrin, p. 42.
- ^ a b "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
- ^ a b "Monthly Averages for Robinson, Illinois". The Weather Channel. Archived from the original on October 23, 2012. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
- ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
- ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Archived from the original on August 11, 2012. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
- ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on April 24, 2014. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
- ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 18, 2014. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
- ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved July 4, 2014.
- ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
- ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
- ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2015.
- ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018.
- General