Action Zealandia is a white nationalist group in New Zealand that emerged following the Christchurch mosque shootings in 2019 as the successor to an earlier group called the Dominion Movement.[3][4] According to Newshub, Action Zealandia has restricted its membership to "physically fit, tidy European male[s] of sound mind and good character."[5] In addition to its online activities, the group has plastered stickers, posted banners, and networked with other far-right and neo-Nazi groups in New Zealand and abroad.[6][7][8] Action Zealandia has also attracted media attention after members made an online threat against Christchurch's Al Noor Mosque, attempted to start a terror cell, purchase weapons, and participated in the 2022 Wellington protest.[3][4][9]
| Action Zealandia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Leader | James "Hector" Fairburn (2019–2021) |
| Dates of operation | 2019–present |
| Active regions |  New Zealand |
| Ideology | White nationalism White supremacy Anti-Māori sentiment Antisemitism New Zealand nationalism Masculinism[1] Environmentalism Anti-immigration Anti-LGBT Islamophobia Identitarianism |
| Political position | Far-right[1][2] |
| Status | Active |
| Size | 30 members (2021) |
| Flag |  |
| Website | https://action-zealandia.com/ |
Ideology and goals
editAccording to the group's website, Action Zealandia's stated goal is to build a community for European New Zealanders. They claim that European identity is under threat from so-called "demographic replacement" caused by economically-motivated migration by non-European peoples. Action Zealandia also emphasises masculinity, physical fitness, and condemns drug use and so-called "sexual deviancy." In addition, Action Zealandia promotes nationalism, environmental sustainability and opposes free market capitalism and mass migration as detrimental to national identity and environmental sustainability.[10][5]
According to the University of Waikato law academic Al Gillespie and Newsroom journalist Marc Daalder, Action Zealandia's ideology blends far-right nationalism with left-wing environmentalism. The group's environmentalism is rooted in the pseudohistorical belief that White people settled in New Zealand before the arrival of Māori.[6] Action Zealandia also excludes women, non-white people (including mixed race individuals), the disabled, drug addicts, and obese individuals from membership. Action Zealandia also opposes libertarianism on the grounds that free market capitalism contributes to the "demographic replacement" of European New Zealanders.[10][11][6]
Leadership and membership
editAccording to the University of Otago student magazine Critic Te Ārohi journalist Elliott Weir, Action Zealandia had about 30 active members as of August 2021 with at least eight supporters including three women. Although the majority of members are aged between 18 and 35 years, teenagers as young as 13 years of age have attempted to join the group.[5]
As of August 2021, their leader is New Zealand Army reservist and former Army communications specialist James Fairburn, who is known by the codename "Hector."[12][5][3] In June 2020, Daalder reported that Fairburn had attempted to use his reservist status to secure an "E" endorsement for his firearms license that would allow him to purchase semi-automatic firearms. Fairburn has participated in far-right Discord channels, promoted the White genocide conspiracy theory, advocated for White South African farmers, and opposed the United Nations' Global Compact for Migration.[3] Fairburn said in January 2023 that he had not been involved with Action Zealandia since September 2021.[13]
History and activities
editDominion Movement
editAccording to the journalist Marc Daalder, Action Zealandia emerged in July 2019 as the successor to the Dominion Movement, a far-right group that ceased its activities following the Christchurch mosque shootings in March 2019.[4][3] The Dominion Movement was a self-described "grass-roots Identitarian activist organisation committed to the revitalisation of our country and our people: White New Zealanders". The group condemned the Christchurch mosque shootings and claimed that it advocated non-violence. Due to the backlash against far-right groups as a result of the shootings, the Dominion Movement ceased operations and shut down its website.[14][15] In addition, the Dominion Movement opposed consumerism, immigration, and the existence of Transgender people.[16]
According to a Stuff report, an alleged co-founder of the Dominion Movement was a New Zealand Defence Force soldier named Johann Wolfe, who was facing court martial in January 2020 for conducting four counts of espionage and two counts of attempted espionage with an undisclosed group.[17][18] He was also the first New Zealander to have been charged with espionage.[19] According to The New Zealand Herald, Wolfe was a founding leader of Action Zealandia and had expressed support for Brenton Tarrant, the Christchurch mosque shooter.[8]
While Action Zealandia has denied any connection to the Dominion Movement, Daalder uncovered a set of leaked documents which confirmed that members of Dominion Movement had intentionally established Action Zealandia. These documents instructed members to conceal their connections to the former Dominion Movement and encouraged former Dominion members to lie to other Action Zealandia members about their prior affiliation. As a security precaution, these guidelines also advised former Dominion members to destroy or conceal their branded flags and other memorabilia associated with the Dominion Movement.[4]
Communications output
editAction Zealandia maintains a website, which was registered through the Instra Corporation on 23 May 2019.[6] The group also runs a podcast called Voice of Zealandia, which has an associated Facebook page.[3] After Action Zealandia was banned from Twitter and YouTube in June 2021, the group has turned to other social media platforms such as Discord, Gab, Odyssee, Telegram and Element.[8] In October 2021, Stuff reported that Meta Platforms had banned Action Zealandia from Facebook, citing a leaked Facebook list of "Dangerous Individuals and Organisations" obtained by the American media organisation The Intercept.[20]
In addition to their online activities, Action Zealandia has also plastered stickers in public spaces promoting their nationalist ideology.[7] in June 2022, Action Zealandia members unsuccessfully attempted to plaster "White Lives Matter" and "Kyle Rittenhouse Was Right" posters in Dunedin but fled after being confronted by members of the public. In August 2022, the group's leaders ordered its chapters to do banner drops and poster runs in order to promote "White Lives Matter Day" on 9 August. The group wanted to use White Lives Matter Day to raise awareness of alleged White genocide in the South African farm attacks.[8]
Potential crimes
editAccording to Daalder, Action Zealandia was also linked to at least three potential crimes in March 2020 including a member named Sam Brittenden making an online threat against the Al Noor Mosque in Christchurch, posting a leaked New Zealand Police Financial Intelligence unit document, and alleged plans to start a terror cell and purchase weapons from like-minded groups such as the Atomwaffen Division.[3][4]
Entryism and networking
editIn August 2021, the Critic Te Ārohi journalist Elliot Weir reported an undercover investigation of Action Zealandia, including their plans to infiltrate the National and New Zealand Social Credit parties and planning to appeal to a broader group of people. Action Zealandia has also cultivated relationships with both domestic and overseas white supremacist and neo-Nazi groups and figures including former New Zealand National Front general secretary Kerry Bolton, Thomas Sewell's National Socialist Network, International Conservative Community, Nordic Resistance Movement, New British Union, Blair Cottrell, and Robert Rundo's Rise Above Movement.[12][8][5] The International Conservative Community is a transnational network of fascist groups founded by Rundo. Action Zealandia is the New Zealand chapter of the group.[8]
COVID-19 pandemic
editDuring the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand, Action Zealandia spread misinformation and conspiracy theories about COVID-19 vaccines, claiming that they were part of a Jewish conspiracy to sterilise and depopulate the world. Members pressured other members not to get vaccinated and discussed ways of circumventing workplace vaccine mandates including falsifying vaccine documents.[8] Action Zealandia also supported 2022 Wellington protest. In mid February 2022, an Action Zealandia member, posted a video and photos of the protest from Bowen House. These activities sparked an investigation by law enforcement authorities and prompted Speaker of the House Trevor Mallard to restrict access to Bowen House.[9][21]
References
edit- ^ a b Allchorn, William (2021). From Gangs to Groupuscules and Solo-Actor Terrorism: New Zealand Radical Right Narratives and Counter-Narratives In The Context of the Christchurch Attack (PDF). CARR-Hedayah Radical Right Counter Narratives Projec. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
- ^ Harris, Katie (12 October 2021). "NZ right-wing nationalist group on internal Facebook blacklist of terror and hate groups". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
The name of a New Zealand right-wing nationalist group has appeared on an internal Facebook list of terror and hate groups released by international media today.
- ^ a b c d e f g Daalder, Marc (25 June 2020). "Army reservist linked to New Zealand far-right group". Stuff. Archived from the original on 2 November 2020. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Daalder, Marc (13 March 2020). "Action Zealandia linked to Dominion Movement". Newsroom. Archived from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ a b c d e Andelane, Lana (9 August 2021). "Critic Te Arohi journalist goes undercover to reveal insider information from within neo-Nazi group Action Zealandia - and this is what they found". Newshub. Archived from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ a b c d Daalder, Marc (10 August 2019). "White supremacists still active in NZ". Newsroom. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ a b Spoonley, Paul. "Far-right extremists still threaten New Zealand, a year on from the Christchurch attacks". The Conversation. Archived from the original on 14 March 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g Weir, Elliot (9 August 2021). "Action Zealandia, NZ's largest neo-Nazi group, on the hunt for new recruits". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 2 September 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ a b Sowmund-Lund, Stewart (17 February 2022). "How a far-right activist filmed the protest from a parliament construction site". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ a b "Ideals". Action Zealandia. Archived from the original on 1 June 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ "FAQ". Action Zealandia. Archived from the original on 1 June 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ a b Weisr, Elliot (9 August 2021). "Fascism 2.0: Lessons from six months in New Zealand's largest white supremacist group". Critic Te Arohi. Archived from the original on 3 November 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ Halpin, James (16 January 2023). "Aviation authority hired second person linked to far-right group Action Zealandia". Stuff.
- ^ The Dominion Movement: a Primer, 22 August 2018,
The Dominion Movement is a grass-roots identitarian activist organization committed to the revitalization of our country and our people: White New Zealanders
- ^ "Christchurch terror attack: Anti-immigration websites taken down after shootings". Radio New Zealand. 16 March 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
- ^ Kilmister, Sam (17 December 2018). "Leaflets promoting white New Zealanders are racist and alarming, resident says". Stuff. Archived from the original on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ Kerr, Florence; Manch, Thomas (22 January 2020). "Soldier alleged to have traded military information was leader of white nationalist group". Stuff. Archived from the original on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ "Charges laid against Linton soldier". New Zealand Defence Force. Archived from the original on 4 March 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
- ^ Kerr, Florence; Manch, Thomas (25 November 2020). "Linton soldier is the first New Zealander to be charged with espionage". Stuff. Archived from the original on 23 March 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ^ Manch, Thomas (13 October 2021). "New Zealand white supremacist group on Facebook's 'dangerous organisations' list". Stuff. Stuff (company). Archived from the original on 18 September 2022. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
- ^ McConnell, Glenn (16 February 2022). "Who is who at the Convoy 2022 occupation of Parliament's grounds". Stuff. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.