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LMS Fowler Class 3F

The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Fowler 3F 0-6-0T is a class of steam locomotives, often known as Jinty. They represent the ultimate development of the Midland Railway's six-coupled tank engines. They could reach speeds of up to 60 mph (97 km/h).[1]

LMS Fowler Class 3F
47336 at Ancoats, 1955
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerHenry Fowler
Builder
Build date1924–1931
Total produced422
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte0-6-0T
 • UICC n2t
Gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Driver dia.4 ft 7 in (1.397 m)
Wheelbase16 ft 6 in (5.03 m)
Length31 ft 4+3⁄4 in (9.57 m)
Loco weight49.5 long tons (50.3 t; 55.4 short tons)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity2.25 long tons (2.29 t; 2.52 short tons)
Water cap.1,200 imp gal (5,500 L; 1,400 US gal)
Firebox:​
 • Grate area16 sq ft (1.5 m2)
BoilerLMS type G51⁄2
Boiler pressure160 lbf/in2 (1.10 MPa)
Heating surface:​
 • Firebox97 sq ft (9.0 m2)
 • Tubes967 sq ft (89.8 m2)
SuperheaterNone
CylindersTwo, inside
Cylinder size18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gearStephenson link motion, slide valves
Performance figures
Tractive effort20,835 lbf (92.68 kN)
Career
Operators
Power class3F
NicknamesJinty
Axle load classBR: Route Availability 5
LocaleLondon Midland Region
Withdrawn1945 (2), 1948 (5), 1959–1967
Disposition9 preserved, remainder scrapped
16564, newly built in 1928
Preserved No. 47324 on the East Lancashire Railway

Introduction

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Design of this class was based on rebuilds by Henry Fowler of the Midland Railway 2441 Class introduced in 1899 by Samuel Waite Johnson. These rebuilds featured a Belpaire firebox and improved cab. 422 Jinties were built between 1924 and 1931; this class was just one of the Midland designs used on an ongoing basis by the LMS. The locomotives were built by the ex-L&YR Horwich Works and the private firms Bagnall's, Beardmores, Hunslet, North British and the Vulcan Foundry.

Details

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Numbers Lot
No. 		Date
built 		Built by Notes
Original 1934
7100–7119 7260–7279 12 1924 Vulcan Foundry 3717–3736
7120–7134 7280–7294 13 1924 North British 23121–23135
7135–7141 7295–7301 14 1924 Hunslet 1460–1466
7142–7149 7302–7309 14 1925 Hunslet 1467–1474
7150–7156 7310–7316 — 1929 W. G. Bagnall 2358–2364 Né SDJR 19–25
16400–16459 7317–7376 34 1926 North British 23396–23455
16460–16509 7377–7426 35 1926 Vulcan Foundry 3948–3997
16510–16518 7427–7435 36 1926 Hunslet 1511–1519
16519–16534 7436–7451 36 1927 Hunslet 1520–1535
16535–16543 7452–7460 37 1926 W. G. Bagnall 2288–2296
16544–16549 7461–7466 37 1926 W. G. Bagnall 2297–2302
16550–16554 7467–7471 50 1928 Vulcan Foundry 4175–4179
16555–16560 7472–7477 50 1927 Vulcan Foundry 4169–4174
16561–16599 7478–7516 50 1928 Vulcan Foundry 4180–4218
16600–16624 7517–7541 51 1928 Beardmore 325–349
16625–16632 7542–7549 52 1927 Hunslet 1558–1565
16633–16649 7550–7566 52 1928 Hunslet 1566–78/82/80/81/79
16650–16669 7567–7586 58 1928 Hunslet 1591–1610
16670–16674 7587–7591 58 1929 Hunslet 1611–1615
16675–16684 7592–7601 59 1928 W. G. Bagnall 2343–2352
16685–16723 7602–7640 60 1928 Beardmore 350–388
16724–16749 7641–7666 60 1929 Beardmore 389–414
16750–16764 7667–7681 82 1931 LMS Horwich Works

When new, they were numbered 7100–7149, 16400–16764. Numbers 7150–7156 were added when the LMS absorbed the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway locomotives in 1930. In the 1934 LMS renumbering scheme, the locomotives were assigned the series 7260–7681. On the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 they were initially chosen as the standard shunting locomotive for the War Department, but later the more modern Hunslet "Austerity" 0-6-0ST was chosen in preference. Nevertheless, eight were dispatched to France before its fall in 1940, and only five returned in 1948. Two, 7456 and 7553, were converted to the 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) Irish broad gauge in 1944 and 1945 for use on Northern Counties Committee lines in Northern Ireland, becoming the NCC Class Y, and numbered 18 and 19. A total of 412 thus entered British Railways stock in 1948, rising to 417 by the end of the year.

British Railways numbers were the LMS numbers prefixed with '4'. Numbers 47477, 47478, 47479, 47480, 47481, 47655 and 47681 were fitted for push-pull train working.

Withdrawal

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The first withdrawals started in 1959 and by 1964 half had been withdrawn. The final five survived until 1967, with a further one, 47445 continuing with the National Coal Board.

Table of withdrawals
Year Quantity in
service at
start of year		 Quantity
withdrawn		 Locomotive numbers Notes
1940 422 8 7589, 7607/11/13/17/59–60/63. to WD 8 to 15
1944 414 2 7456, 7553 to NCC 18/19
1948 412 -5 47589, 47607/11/59–60. Repatriated from SNCF
1959 417 25 47274/91/96/99,
47301/09/15/29/31/37/39/46/63–64/70/82/87/94,
47407/09/11/40/77/89,
47538.
1960 392 48 47260/62/65/71/82,
47303/11/23/35/47/52/74,
47401/36/43/46/63/86/98,
47509–10/23/25/27–28/37/41/60–61/63/67–69/73/75–76/85–86/91/95,
47600/35–36/39/50/52/70/72.
1961 344 34 47263/68/77,
47312/34/69/98,
47403/05/18/20–21/38/48/62/84,
47508/13/29/40/59/70–71/80,
47605/07/19–20/24–26/32/34/37.
1962 310 75 47261/69–70/75/90/92,
47302/04/10/16/19/28/32/40/42/48/51/53/58/66/76/81/92,
47402/04/14/17/22/24–26/31/33/55/57/66/70/73–75/79/83/88/91/97,
47504/14/16/22/26/36/42/45–46/48/52/54–56/62/72/74/88/93,
47601/04/08/10/21/30/33/42/44/78.
1963 235 40 47264/67/78/81/83/87/94,
47300/22/60/79/86,
47412–13/19/41/49/58–60/64/81/90/96,
47502/18/32/39/47/51/81–83/89.
47618/38/51/54/57/79.
1964 195 49 47284/88/97,
47306/08/20/33/43–45/49/54–55/65/68/72/75/80/85/90,
47430/34/61/67/69/76/78/92,
47501/03/11/15/17/24/49–50/57–58/79/84/87/94,
47609/22–23/28/40/48/53.
1965 146 63 47285–86/95,
47305/21/25/30/38/50/59/61–62/71/78/95/99,
47400/08/23/28–29/32/39/42/51–52/54/64/68/80/85/87/95/99,
47500/05/12/19–20/43–44/64/77–78/96–97,
47606/14/16/45–47/55–56/60/64–66/76–77/80–81.
1966 83 77 47266/72–73/76/79–80/93/98,
47307/14/17–18/24/26–27/36/41/57/67/73/77/84/88–89/91/93/96–97,
47406/10/15–16/27/35/37/44–45/47/50/53/71–72/82/93–94,
47503/07/21/30/33/35/65–66/90/92/98–99,
47602–03/11–12/15/27/31/41/43/49/58–59/61–62/67–68/71/73–75.		 47445 to NCB
1967 6 6 47289, 47313/83, 47531/34, 47629.

Preservation

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Thanks to their large numbers, renowned performance and late withdrawals, nine of these engines have been preserved, along with a spare set of frames and a boiler (from 47564). Many were restored within a few years of leaving the scrap heap, and most have a further working life ahead of them. All have steamed in preservation, with the exception of 47445.

One member of the class has operated on the main line in preservation. This was 7298/47298, which took part during the Rainhill celebrations in 1980 when it hauled a number of Steamport residents from the museum in Southport to Rainhill and also took part in the cavalcade. Owned by Ian Riley, in February 2017 it was undergoing its "ten-yearly overhaul"[2] and was expected to return to operation "in a couple of years".[2]

Locations and condition are shown below (current numbers in bold):

Original Number

(S&D number)

BR Number Built Builder Withdrawn Base Status Notes
7119 47279 Aug 1924 Vulcan Foundry Dec 1966 Keighley and Worth Valley Railway Static Display On display inside the museum at Oxenhope.
7138 47298 Oct 1924 Hunslet Engine Company Dec 1966 Ian Riley Engineering Operational
16407 47324 Jun 1926 North British Locomotive Company Dec 1966 East Lancashire Railway Undergoing Overhaul
16410

(23)

47327 Jul 1926 North British Locomotive Company Dec 1966 Midland Railway Static Display Currently painted in S&DJR Prussian Blue. Appeared in the film Train of Events, as a London yard shunter.
16440 47357 Jul 1926 North British Locomotive Company Dec 1966 Midland Railway Running In Made its first post overhaul moves in October 2023, to re-enter public service in December 2023.[3]
16466 47383 Oct 1926 Vulcan Foundry Oct 1967 Severn Valley Railway Static Display, Awaiting Overhaul Last to be withdrawn. On display inside The Engine House at Highley.
16489 47406 Dec 1926 Vulcan Foundry Dec 1966 Great Central Railway Static Display, Awaiting Overhaul Currently on display inside Mountsorrel Railway's Museum.
16528 47445 May 1927 Hunslet Engine Company Apr 1966 Midland Railway Under Restoration Sold to NCB after withdrawal.
16576 47493 Feb 1928 Vulcan Foundry Dec 1966 Spa Valley Railway Undergoing Overhaul

Only example preserved with Screw Reverser, enhances performance[4]

In fiction

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An engine of this class can be seen in the Rev. W. Awdry's The Railway Series book The Eight Famous Engines.[5] The character is named Jinty and comes from the "Other Railway" (a.k.a. British Railways) to help out when the main engines went on a journey to England.

In the video game Transport Tycoon by Chris Sawyer, the Jinty is offered as the cheapest and most basic engine in the game.[6]

Models

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An OO gauge model of the Class 3F was first produced by Tri-ang in 1952 and production continued after the company became Hornby Railways in the 1970s. Hornby released a retooled version in 1978 with better detailing and continue to produce that model for their "Railroad" range.

In the 2000s Bachmann Branchline released a more detailed OO model. In N gauge Graham Farish produced a model as a "GP Tank" in various liveries including some of other railway companies before later tooling an accurate 'Jinty' model. In O gauge and Gauge 1 Bachmann Brassworks produce an example. In O gauge, Connoisseur Models produces an etched brass kit. In HO (3.5 mm) scale Firedrake Productions produced a small run of 20 kits.

Darstaed, a model train company in Great Britain, produced O gauge tintype models of the LMS Fowler Class 3F, affectionately referring to them by the nickname of Jinty [7]

Dapol has produced a Jinty for the O gauge market which was released in September 2017 [8]

References

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  1. ^ Black, Stuart (23 February 2017). Loco Spotter's Guide. London, United Kingdom: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 43. ISBN 978-1472820495. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
  2. ^ a b ELR Resident Locomotives
  3. ^ "16440 makes first post overhaul moves". Steam Railway. No. 551. November 2023. p. 39.
  4. ^ "LMS Jinty No. 47493 « Spa Valley Railway". www.spavalleyrailway.co.uk. Retrieved 18 May 2024.
  5. ^ "Eight Famous Engines". Sodor Island. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  6. ^ "Chris Sawyer's Locomotion Part 14: Interlude: 'Jinty' Tank Engine (Paul.Power)". Let's Play Archive. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  7. ^ "Darstaed TP - Gauge '0' tin plate trains". Darstaed. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  8. ^ "Your scale modelling destination | Key Model World".
  • Rowledge, J.W.P. (1975). Engines of the LMS, built 1923–51. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-902888-59-5.
  • Hunt, David; Jennison, John; Essery, Bob (1999). LMS Locomotive Profiles No. 14 The Standard Class 3 Freight Tank Engines. Wild Swan. ISBN 978-1-905184-80-4.
  • Herring, Peter (2012). Classic British Steam locomotives. Egypt: Southwater Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78019-163-8.
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