Cruwys Morchard /ˌkruːz ˈmɔːrtʃɑːrd/ is an ecclesiastical and civil parish in the Mid Devon district of the county of Devon in England. It is located about four to five miles west of Tiverton along the road to Witheridge. The parish covers about 5,765 acres (23.33 km2) of land, and comprises a number of scattered houses and farms, and three small hamlets, Pennymoor, Way Village and Nomansland. The church and the manor house are in the centre of the parish. The population at the time of the 2000 census was 461. The parish takes its name from the Cruwys family who have been Lords of the Manor here since the reign of King John (1199–1216).
Cruwys Morchard | |
|---|---|
Village | |
 Church of the Holy Cross, Cruwys Morchard (2005) | |
  Cruwys Morchard  Cruwys Morchard | |
| Coordinates: 50°53′52″N 3°36′07″W / 50.89778°N 3.60194°W | |
| Country | England |
| County | Devon |
| District | Mid Devon |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,333 ha (5,765 acres) |
| Population (2000) | |
• Total | 461 |
| • Density | 20/km2 (51/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+0:00 (GST) |
Etymology
editThe name Morchard is first attested in the Domesday Book of 1086, in the forms Morchet, Morceth, and Morcet. It is derived from the Common Brittonic words mǭr ("big") and cę̃d ("wood") (corresponding to modern Welsh mawr coed; thus it once meant "large wood".[1]: 291 The affix of Cruwys, first attested as part of the place-name between 1257 and 1280, is from the settlement's possession by the de Crues family, who held the manor there in the thirteenth century, and to distinguish the settlement from the nearby Morchard Bishop.[2]
History
editThe manor of Morceth is mentioned twice in the Domesday book of 1086, with part being held in-chief by William Cheever, the 35th of his 46 Devonshire holdings,[3] and part being held in-chief by Geoffrey de Montbray, Bishop of Coutances, the 73rd of his 99 Devonshire holdings.[4][5] William Cheever's lands later formed the feudal barony of Bradninch from which Cruwys Morchard was later held by the Cruwys family.[6]
Church of Holy Cross
editIt is believed that a wooden church existed in Cruwys Morchard from the time of Godfrey de Sowy, who was the first rector in 1262. The Church of the Holy Cross was built in 1529[7] with a spire on top of the church tower. This, however, was struck by lightning in 1689, and the consequent major fire, which melted the bells, necessitated the rebuilding of the top stage of the tower in brick. It also destroyed painted windows which bore the arms of the Cruwys family. The repairs, which also involved a new roof and new pews, took thirteen years to complete. The windows were replaced with stained glass renderings of the Cruwys arms.
There was also a chapel belonging to Cruwys Morchard House which was the burial place of the Cruwys family, but the chapel was destroyed by Oliver Cromwell, and it is believed that many family monuments were destroyed at the same time.
People
edit- Robert Cruwys (1884–1951), cricketer and clergyman
- Margaret Campbell Speke Cruwys (1894–1968), Devon historian.
- Sir Robert Cruwys (d 1362) was knighted for his service in France in the Hundred Years War;[8] he probably fought at the Battle of Crecy on 26 August 1346 and the Battle of Poitiers on 19 September 1356
- Robertus de Cruwes was a Member of Parliament for Devon in 1340 and 1344[8]
- Hugh Peters (1598–1660), the preacher and regicide, spent much of his childhood at Cruwys Morchard House with his uncle and aunt Lewis Cruwys and Sarah Cruwys née Treffry.
- Cruwys Morchard is the alias of Clytie Potts, a fictional character in the 2006 novel A Darkling Plain, written by Devon resident Philip Reeve.
References
edit- ^ Coates, Richard; Breeze, Andrew (2000). Celtic Voices, English Places: Studies of the Celtic Impact on Place-Names in Britain. Stamford: Tyas. ISBN 1900289415..
- ^ Watts, Victor, ed. (2004). The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Based on the Collections of the English Place-Name Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521168557., s.v. Morchard (3).
- ^ Thorn, Caroline & Frank, (eds.) Domesday Book, (Morris, John, gen.ed.) Vol. 9, Devon, Parts 1 & 2, Phillimore Press, Chichester, 1985, chap.19, holdings of William Cheever, 19,35, Morceth
- ^ Thorn, chap 3,73
- ^ "Cruwys Morchard - History". Cruwys Morchard Parish Council. 2004. Archived from the original on 14 March 2007. Retrieved 3 April 2007.
- ^ Thorn, part 2, 19,35
- ^ Transcribed by Debbie Kennett (2006). "Letter from George Sharland Cruwys to Frederick Stockdale, 2nd January 1841". GENUKI. Archived from the original on 1 October 2006. Retrieved 3 April 2007.
- ^ a b Debbie Kennett (2007). "Cruwys One-Name Study". Guild of One-Name Studies. Retrieved 3 April 2007.