This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2017) |
Chichicastenango, also known as Santo Tomás Chichicastenango, is a town, with a population of 71,394 (2018 census),[3] and the municipal seat for the surrounding municipality of the same name in the El Quiché department of Guatemala. It is located in a mountainous region about 140 km (87 mi) northwest of Guatemala City, at an altitude of 1,965 m (6,447 ft).[4] The Spanish conquistadors gave the town its name from the Nahuatl name used by their allied soldiers from Tlaxcala: Tzitzicaztenanco, or City of Nettles. Its original name was Chaviar.
Chichicastenango | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
 | |
| Nickname: Chichi | |
  Chichicastenango Location in Guatemala | |
| Coordinates: 14°56′N 91°07′W / 14.933°N 91.117°W | |
| Country |  Guatemala |
| Department |  El Quiché |
| Municipality | Chichicastenango |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal |
| Area | |
• Municipality | 270 km2 (100 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,965 m (6,447 ft) |
| Population (Census 2018)[2] | |
• Municipality | 141,567 |
| • Urban | 71,394 |
| • Ethnicities | K'iche' people (98.5%)[1] Ladino (1.5%) |
| • Religions | Roman Catholicism Evangelicalism Maya |
| Climate | Cwb |
| Website | Chichicastenango online |
Chichicastenango is a K'iche' Maya cultural centre. According to the 2012 census, 98.5% of the municipality's population is indigenous Mayan K'iche. Of the population, 21% speak only K'iche, 71% speak both K'iche and Spanish, and the remaining 8% speak only Spanish.[1]
Market
editChichicastenango hosts market days on Thursdays and Sundays where vendors sell handicrafts, food, flowers, pottery, wooden boxes, condiments, medicinal plants, candles, pom and copal (traditional incense), cal (lime stones for preparing tortillas), grindstones, pigs and chickens, machetes, and other tools.
Among the items sold are textiles, particularly women's blouses. Masks used by dancers in traditional dances, such as the Dance of the Conquest, are also manufactured in Chichicastenango.
Church of Santo Tomás
editNext to the market is the 400-year-old church of Santo Tomás. It is built atop a Pre-Columbian temple platform, and the steps originally leading to a temple of the pre-Hispanic Maya civilization remain venerated. K'iche' Maya priests still use the church for their rituals, burning incense and candles. In special cases, they burn a chicken for the gods. Each of the 20 stairs that lead up to the church stands for one month of the Maya calendar year. Another key element of Chichicastenango is the Cofradia of Pascual Abaj, which is an ancient carved stone venerated nearby and the Maya priests perform several rituals there. Writing on the stone records the doings of a king named Tohil (Fate).[5]
The Chichicastenango Regional Museum lies in its grounds.
In music
editAt least three songs have been written about the town.
- “Chichicastenango” Xavier Cugat 1937
- "In Chi-Chi Castenango" Edmundo Ros Mambo Jambo: Original Recordings 1941-1950
- "In the Land of The Maya" Lennie Gallant In the Land of The Maya
In addition, the character Rosie from Bye Bye Birdie sings sarcastically of being the toast of Chichicastenango.
Geography
editChichicastenango is composed of the municipal seat and 81 rural communities.[6] Nearby village communities include Paquixic (1.0 nm), Chucam (1.0 nm), Chujupen (1.4 nm), Camanibal (2.2 nm), Chontala (2.2 nm) and Chucojom (1.0 nm).
In films
editThe New Adventures of Tarzan (1935)
editIn 1935, the film The New Adventures of Tarzan, was filmed on location in Guatemala, taking advantage of the help from the United Fruit Company and president Jorge Ubico. Chichicastenango was among the locations used during filming.[8]
Sacred City of the Mayans (1936)
editThis 8-minute color travelogue devoted to Chichicastenango is one of James A. Fitzpatrick's TravelTalks. It is occasionally shown on Turner Classic Movies as a filler between feature films.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Chichicastenango | Nutri-Salud Guatemala". Archived from the original on 2014-11-06. Retrieved 2014-11-06.
- ^ Citypopulation.de Population of departments and municipalities in Guatemala
- ^ Citypopulation.de Population of cities & towns in Guatemala
- ^ "Chichicastenango, Quiché". Ojoconmipisto.com. 11 October 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
- ^ Epigraphic Society Occasional Publications, Vol. 17, 1988 A Decipherment of the Chichicastenango Stone (22 pp) John S. Carroll -p 31
- ^ "Santo Tomás Chichicastenango - Plan de Desarrollo Municipal" (PDF). Municipalidad de Chichicastenango. 2002. Retrieved 1 August 2008.
- ^ a b SEGEPLAN. "Municipios de Quiché, Guatemala". Secretaría General de Planificación y Programación de la Presidencia de la República. Guatemala. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
- ^ Barillas, Edgar (2013). "50 películas filmadas en Guatemala y una que no (1935-1996). Apuntes para una cartografía de los lugares filmados en Guatemala". Revista Historia de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala (in Spanish). Guatemala. Archived from the original on October 22, 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2015.