Ankhhaf was an Egyptian prince and served as an overseer during the reign of the Pharaoh Khufu, who is thought to have been Ankhhaf's half-brother. One of Ankhaf's titles is also as a vizier, but it is unknown under which pharaoh he would have held this title. He lived during Egypt's 4th Dynasty[1] (c. 2613 to c. 2494 BC).
| Ankhhaf | |
|---|---|
| Prince of Egypt | |
 Bust of Prince Ankhhaf, now at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston | |
| Burial | |
| Spouse | Princess Hetepheres |
| Father | Sneferu |
| Religion | Ancient Egyptian religion |
| Occupation | Vizier |
Family
editAnkhhaf was likely a son of the pharaoh Sneferu and an unknown wife.[2] Ankhhaf's tomb in Giza (G 7510) depicts his sister-wife Princess Hetepheres. Hetepheres is thought to have been the eldest daughter of Sneferu and Queen Hetepheres I and thus Ankhhaf's half-sister.[3] Hetepheres had the titles "eldest king's daughter of his body", "the one whom he loves" (sat nswt n khtf smst mrt.f) and "Priestess of Sneferu" (hmt-nTr Snfrw).[4] Ankhhaf and Hetepheres had a daughter, who was the mother of their grandson Ankhetef.[5]
Career
editAnkhhaf had the titles "eldest king's son of his body" (sa nswt n khtf smsw), "vizier" and "the great one of Five of the house of Thoth" (wr djw pr-Djehuti).[4]
Ankhhaf is thought to have been involved with the building of the Great Pyramid of Giza and likely played a role in the construction of the Sphinx [citation needed]. In 2013 a collection of papyri fragments, the Diary of Merer, was discovered at the ancient Harbor of Khufu at Wadi al-Jarf. The logs from an inspector named Merer appear to date from the 27th year of Khufu's reign and record months worth of operations transporting limestone from Tura to Giza. The records refer to an administrative center named Ro-She Khufu which was under the authority of the Vizier Ankhhaf. According to Egyptologist Pierre Tallet, this would place him in charge of the construction of the pyramid towards the end of the project. Though the diary does not specify, Tallet believes the operations refer to the delivery of the Tura limestone used for the casing.[6] In the papyrus Ankhkhaf is called nobleman (iry-pat) and overseer of Ra-shi-Khufu. The latter place was the harbor at Giza where the stones for the pyramid building arrived.[7]
Tomb
editAnkhaf's mastaba tomb, G 7510, was one of the largest in the eastern cemetery at Giza.[5] The tomb was dated to the reign of Khafre by Reisner. More recently a study of the architecture, iconography and titles of the occupants has led to a reassessment and the tomb likely spans the reigns of Khufu, Djedefre and Khafre.[4]
A superb and realistic painted limestone portrait bust of Ankhhaf discovered in his tomb is considered the work "of a master" of ancient Egyptian art from the time of the Old Kingdom, and can be seen at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.[8] Its catalog number is Museum Expedition 27.442.
References
edit- ^ Dodson, Aidan and Hilton, Dyan. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. 2004. p. 56. ISBN 0-500-05128-3.
- ^ Porter, Bertha, and Rosalind L.B. Moss. Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings 3: Memphis (Abû Rawâsh to Dahshûr). Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1931. 2nd edition. 3: Memphis, Part 1 (Abû Rawâsh to Abûsîr), revised and augmented by Jaromír Málek. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1974. pp 196
- ^ http://gizapyramids.org Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine Information provided via the G 7010 page
- ^ a b c Laurel Flentye, The Mastabas of Ankh-haf (G7510) and Akhethetep and Meretites (G7650) in the Eastern Cemetery at Giza: A Reassessment in Essays in Honor of David B. O'Connor, pp. 291-308
- ^ a b Reisner, George A., and William Stevenson Smith. A History of the Giza Necropolis. Vol. 2, The Tomb of Hetep-Heres the Mother of Cheops: A Study of Egyptian Civilization in the Old Kingdom. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1955. pp 1-12 (The family and general background of Hetepheres I)
- ^ Tallet, Pierre and Marouard, Gregory, The Harbor of Khufu on the Red Sea Coast at Wadi al-Jarf, Egypt, Journal of Near Eastern Archaeology, 77:1, 2014, pp 8-12
- ^ Pierre Tallet: Les papyrus de la Mer Ruge I, Le <<Journal de Merer>> (Papyrus Jarf A et B), MIFAO 136, Kairo 2017, ISBN 9782724707069, pp. 63. 66
- ^ Berman, Lawrence, Freed, Rita E., and Doxey, Denise. Arts of Ancient Egypt. Museum of Fine Arts Boston. 2003. p.78. ISBN 0-87846-661-4.